NORTHWESTERN HISTORY SYLLABUS
[The aim of this department is to furnish outlines that will aid those who wish to study the subject systematically. It is expected that its greatest use will be as a guide for members of women's clubs, literary societies, and classes in college or high schools. It will be a form of university extension without the theses and examinations necessary for the earning credits toward a degree.]
XI. Old Oregon Subdivided
1. Treaty of 1846.
a. Northern boundary at 49th parallel.
b. Remnant extended from 42nd to 49th parallel and from
Rocky Mountains to Pacific Ocean.
2. New Territories Created.
a. Washington Territory, 2 March, 1853.
b. Idaho Territory, 3 March, 1863.
c. Montana Territory, 26 May, 1864.
i. Western portion was part of Old Oregon.
d. Wyoming Territory, 20 July, 1868.
i. Western portion was part of Old Oregon.
XII. Organization of Washington Territory
1. Two Previous Forms of Territorial Government.
a. Under the Provisional Government of Oregon.
b. Under the Territorial Government of Oregon.
2. Agitation for Separate Government.
a. Long distance to capital of Oregon.
b. Fourth of July celebrations at Olympia, 1851, 1852.
c. D. R. Bigelow's oration.
d. New Territory to be called Columbia.
e. First Newspaper—The Columbian.
i. Published at Olympia 11 September, 1852.
ii. Printed Bigelow's Fourth of July Oration.
f. Convention at Monticello, 25 October, 1852.
g. Memorial by Oregon legislature, 4 November, 1852.
3. Action by Congress.
a. Bill introduced by Delegate Lane of Oregon.
b. Interesting debate.
c. Name changed from Columbia to Washington.
d. Bill passed, 2 March, 1853.
e. Bill signed by President Fillmore just two days before end of
his term.
4. First Governor Appointed.
a. President Pierce appointed Isaac Ingalls Stevens, 17 March,
1853.
b. Stevens also given charge of northern route of Pacific Railroad
Survey.
i. In this work he explored a zone 2,000 miles long and
from 200 to 400 miles wide and examined nine passes
through the Rocky Mountains demonstrating the practicability
of a railroad to the coast.
c. Stevens also obtained appointment as Superintendent of Indian
Affairs for Washington Territory.
i. In this capacity he made ten treaties with the Indians.
5. Other Officers.
a. Secretary, Charles H. Mason.
b. United States Marshal, J. Patton Anderson.
c. United States District Attorney, John S. Clendenin.
d. Judges of United States District Court, Edward Lander, Victor
Monroe, O. B. McFadden, William Strong.
e. Delegate to Congress, Columbia Lancaster.
6. Government Begun.
a. Governor Stevens selects temporary capital.
b. Calls for election of legislature.
c. Fixes time of meeting.
Bibliography. The following works will be found helpful and most of them ought to be accessible in the better libraries. In addition there are to be found a number of books published for which prices have been paid for the inclusion of biographies. Some of them contain helpful information.
Bancroft, Hubert Howe. Works of. See Volumes 29 and 30 for Oregon and Volume 31 for Washington, Idaho and Montana. Indexes will guide the reader.
Congressional Globe. Thirty-second Congress, December 1852, page 6 and following. Here under the dates of December, 1852, 8 February, 1853 (p. 540), 10 February (p. 555) and 2 March (p. 1020) may be found the debate and action on the bill to establish Washington Territory.
Johnson, Sidona V. Short History of Oregon. Pages 263 to 296 cover the Oregon record here outlined.
Meany, Edmond S. History of the State of Washington. Chapters XVI and XVII are devoted to the period of Washington Territory's organization.
Schafer, Joseph. A History of the Pacific Northwest. Consult chapter XVI entitled "Progress and Politics, 1849-1859."