Anastasius, his account of the coronation of Charles, [55].
Angelo (Michael), rebuilding of the Capitol by, [295].
Antichrist, views respecting, in the earlier Middle Ages, [114] note;
in later times, [334].
Architecture, Roman, [48], [290];
analogy between it and the civil and ecclesiastical constitution, [296];
preservation of an antique character in both, [296].
Barbarians, feared by the Romans, [14];
Roman armies largely composed of, [14];
admitted to Roman titles and honours, [15];
their feelings towards the Roman Empire, [16];
their desire to preserve its institutions, [17];
value of the Roman officials and Christian bishops to the, [19].
Bosphorus, removal of the seat of government to the, [154].
Britain, abandoned by Imperial Government, [24];
Roman Civil Law not forgotten in, at a late date, [32];
Roman ensigns and devices in, [258].
Buildings, the old, destruction and alteration of, by invaders, [291];
by the Romans of the Middle Ages, [292];
by modern restorers of churches, [292].
[Burgundy], the kingdom of, Otto's policy towards, [143];
added to the Empire under Conrad II, [151];
effect of its loss on the Empire, [305];
confusion caused by the name, [395];
ten senses in which it is met with, [395]- [397].
Byzantium, effect of the removal of the seat of power to, [9];
Otto's policy towards, [141];
attitude towards Emperor, [189].
[Charles] I (the Great), extinguishes the Lombard kingdom, [41];
is received with honours by Pope Hadrian and the people, [41];
his personal ambition, [42];
his treatment of Pope Leo III, [44];
title of 'Champion of the Faith and Defender of the Holy See' conferred upon, [47];
crowned at Rome, [48];
important consequences of his coronation, [50], [52];
its real meaning, [52], [80], [81];
contemporary accounts, [53], [64], [65], [84];
their uniformity, [56];
illegality of the transaction, [56];
three theories respecting it held four centuries after, [57];
was the coronation a surprise? [58];
his reluctance to assume the imperial title, [60];
solution suggested by Döllinger, [60];
seeks the hand of Irene, [61];
defect of his imperial title, [61];
theoretically the successor of the whole Eastern line of Emperors, [62], [63];
has nothing to fear from Byzantine Princes, [63];
his authority in matters ecclesiastical, [64];
presses Hadrian to declare Constantine VI a heretic, [64];
his spiritual despotism applauded by subsequent Popes, [64];
importance attached by him to the Imperial name, [65];
issues a Capitulary, [65];
draws closer the connexion of Church and State, [66];
new position in civil affairs acquired with the Imperial title, [67], [68], [69];
his position as Frankish king, [69], [70];
partial failure of his attempt to breathe a Teutonic spirit into Roman forms, [70], [71];
his personal habits and sympathies, [71];
groundlessness of the claims of the modern French to, [71];
the conception of his Empire Roman, not Teutonic, [72];
his Empire held together by the Church, [73];
appreciation of his character generally, [73], [74];
impress of his mind on mediæval society, [74];
buried at Aachen, [74];
inscription on his tomb, [74];
canonised as a saint, [75];
his plan of Empire, [76].
Charles IV, [223];
his electoral constitution, [225];
his Golden Bull, [225], [236];
general results of his policy, [236];
his object through life, [236];
the University of Prague founded by, [237];
welcomed into Italy by Petrarch, [254].
Charles V, accession of, [319];
casts in his lot with the Catholics, [321];
the momentous results, [322];
failure of his repressive policy, [322].
Church, the, opposed by the Emperors, [10];
growth of, [10];
alliance of, with the State, [10], [66], [107], [387];
organization of, framed on the model of the secular administration, [11];
the Emperor the head of, [12];
maintains the Imperial idea, [13];
attitude of Charles the Great towards, [65], [66];
the bond that holds together the Empire of Charles, [73];
first gives men a sense of unity, [92];
how regarded in Middle Ages, [92], [370];
draws tighter all bonds of outward union, [94];
unity of, felt to be analogous to that of the Empire, [93];
becomes the exact counterpart of the Empire, [99], [101], [107], [328];
position of, in Germany, [128];
Otto's position towards, [129];
effect of the Reformation upon, [327];
influence of the Empire upon the history of, [384].
Clergy, aversion of the Lombards to the, [37];
their idea of political unity, [96];
their power in the eleventh century, [128];
Gregory VII's condemnation of feudal investitures to the, [158];
their ambition and corruption in the later Middle Age, [290].
Clovis, his desire to preserve the institutions of the Empire, [17], [30];
his unbroken success, [35].
Conrad II, the reign of, [151];
comparison between the prerogative at his accession and at the death of Henry V, [165];
the crown of Burgundy first gained by, [194].
Coronations, ceremonies at, [112];
the four, gone through by the Emperors, [193], [403];
their meaning, [195];
churches in which they were performed, [284], [288].
Corpus Juris Civilis, correspondence between, and the Canon Law, [101].
Councils, General, right of Emperors to summon, [111].
Dante, [208];
his attitude towards the Empire, [255];
his treatise De Monarchia, [262];
sketch of its argument, [264] et seq.;
its omissions, [268], [299].
Edward II (King of England), his declaration of England's independence of the Empire, [187].
Edward III (King of England) and Lewis the Bavarian, [187];
his election against Charles IV, [223].
Eginhard, his statement respecting Charles's coronation, [58], [60].
Elective constitution, the, [227];
difficulty of maintaining the principle in practice, [233];
its object the choice of the fittest man, [233];
restraint of the sovereign, [233];
recognition of the popular will, [234].
Elector, the title of, its advantage, [232] note;
personages upon whom it was conferred by Napoleon, [232].
Electors, the Seven, [165], [229];
their names and offices, [230] note;
the question of their vote, [257] note.
Emperor, the position of, in the second century, [5], [6];
the head of the Church, [12], [23], [111];
sanctity of the name, [22], [120];
correspondence between his position and functions and those of the Pope, [104];
proofs from mediæval documents, [109];
and from the coronation ceremonies, [112];
illustrations from mediæval art, [116];
nature of his power, [120];
fusion of his functions with those of German King, [127];
his office feudalized, [130];
attitude of Byzantine Emperors towards, [189];
his dignities and titles, [193], [257], [261], [400];
the title not assumed till the Roman coronation, [196];
origin and results of this practice, [196];
policy of, [222];
his office as peace-maker, [244], [245];
divine right of the, [246];
his right of creating kings, [249];
his international place at the Council of Constance, [253];
change in titles of, [316];
his rights as settled A.D. 1648, [340];
altered meaning of the word now-a-days, [402].
Emperors, meaning of their four coronations, [193], [195], [403];
persons eligible as, [251];
after Henry VII, [263];
their short-sighted policy towards Rome, [277];
their visits to Rome, [282];
their approach, [283];
their entrance, [284];
hostility of the Pope and people to the, [284];
their burial-places, [287] note;
nature of the question at issue between the Popes and the, [385];
their titles, [400].
Emperors, Hapsburg, beginning of their influence in Germany, [310];
their policy, [305], [348];
repeated attempts to set them aside, [350];
causes of the long retention of the throne by the, [349];
modern pretensions of, [368], [381].
Emperors, Teutonic, defects in their title, [61];
their short-sighted policy, [277];
their memorials in Rome, [286];
names of those buried in Italy, [287] note;
their struggles against nationality, aristocracy, and popular freedom, [388].
Empire, the Roman, growth of despotism in, [5];
obliteration of national distinctions in, [6];
unity of, threatened from without and from within, [7], [8];
preserved for a time by the policy of Diocletian and Constantine, [8], [9];
partition of, [9];
influence of the Church in supporting, [13];
armies of, composed of barbarians, [15];
how regarded by the barbarians, [16];
belief in eternity of, [20];
reunion of Italy to, [29];
its influence in the Transalpine provinces, [30];
influence of religion and jurisprudence in supporting, [31], [32];
belief in, not extinct in the eighth century, [44];
restoration of by Charles the Great, [48];
the 'translation' of the, [52], [111], [175], [218];
divided between the grandsons of Charles, [77];
dissolution of, [78];
ideal state supposed to be embodied in, [99];
never, strictly speaking, restored, [102].
Empire, the Holy Roman, created by Otto the Great, [80], [103];
a prolongation of the Empire of Charles, [80];
wherein it differed therefrom, [80];
motives for establishment of, [84];
identical with Holy Roman Church, [106];
its rights proved from the Bible, [112];
its anti-national character, [120];
its union with the German kingdom, [122];
dissimilarity between the two, [127];
results of the union, [128];
its pretensions in Hungary, [183];
in Poland, [184];
in Denmark, [184];
in France, [185];
in Sweden, [185];
in Spain, [185];
in England, [186];
in Naples, [188];
in Venice, [188];
in the East, [189];
the epithet 'Holy' applied by Frederick I, [199];
origin and meaning of epithet, [200];
its fall with Frederick II, [210];
Italy lost to, [211];
change in its position, [214];
its continuance due to its connexion with the German kingdom, [214];
its relations with the Papacy, [153], [155], [216];
its financial distress, [223];
theory of, in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, [238];
its duties as an international judge and mediator, [244];
why an international power, [248];
illustrations, [249];
attitude of new learning towards, [251], [254], [256];
doctrine of its rights and functions never carried out in fact, [253];
end of its history in Italy, [263], [304];
relation between it and the city, [297];
reaches its lowest point in Frederick III's reign, [301];
its loss of Burgundy, [305], and of Switzerland, [306];
change in its character, [308], [313];
effects of the Renaissance upon, [312];
effects of the Reformation upon, [319], [325];
its influence upon the name and associations of, [332];
narrowing of its bounds, [341];
causes of the continuance of, [344];
its relation to the balance of power, [345];
its position in Europe, [346];
its last phase, [352];
signs of its approaching fall, [356];
its end, [363];
the desire for its re-establishment, [364];
unwillingness of certain states, [364];
technically never extinguished, [364] note;
summary of its nature and results, [366];
claim of Austria to represent, [368];
of France, [368];
of Russia, [368];
of Greece, [368];
of the Turks, [368];
parallel between the Papacy and, [369], [373];
never truly mediæval, [373];
sense in which it was Roman, [374];
its condition in the tenth century, [374];
essential principles of, [377];
its influence on Germany, [378];
Austria as heir of, [381];
its bearing on the progress of Europe, [383];
ways in which it affected the political institutions of the Middle Ages, [383];
its influence upon modern jurisprudence, [383];
upon the history of the Church, [384];
influence of its inner life on the minds of men, [387];
principles adverse to, [388];
change marked by its fall, [389];
its relations to the nationalities of Europe, [390];
difficulty of fully understanding, [392].
Empire and Papacy, interdependence of, [101];
consequences, [102];
struggle between, [153];
their relations, [155], [216];
parallel between, [369];
compared as perpetuation of a name, [372].
Empire Western, last days of the, [24];
its extinction by Odoacer, [26];
its restoration, [34].
England, [45];
Otto's position towards, [143];
authority not exercised by any Emperors in, [186];
vague notion that it must depend on the Empire, [186];
imperial pretensions towards, [187];
position of the regal power in, as compared with Germany, [215];
feudalism in, [343].
Estate, Third, did not exist in time of Otto the Great, [132].
Feudal king, his peculiar relation to his tenants, [124].
Feudalism, [90], [123];
reason of its firm grasp upon society, [124];
hostility between it and imperialism, [131];
its results in France, [343];
in England, [343];
in Germany, [344];
struggles of the Teutonic Emperors against, [388].
France, modern, dates from Hugh Capet, [142];
imperial authority exercised in, [185];
her irritation at Germany's precedence, [185];
growth of the regal power in, as compared with Germany, [215];
alliance of the Protestants with, [325];
territory gained by treaties of Westphalia, [341];
feudalism in, [343];
under Napoleon, [360];
her claim to represent the Roman Empire, [368], [376].
Francia occidentalis, given to Charles the Bald, [77].
'Frank,' sense in which the name was used, [142] note.
Franks, rise of the, [34];
success of their arms, [35];
Catholics from the first, [36];
their greatness chiefly due to the clergy, [36];
enter Rome, [48].
Frankfort, synod held at, [64];
coronations at, [316] note, [404].
Frederick I (Barbarossa), his brilliant reign, [167], [179];
his relations to the Popedom, [167];
his contest with Pope Hadrian IV, [169], [316];
incident at their meeting on the way to Rome, [314] note;
his contest with Pope Alexander III, [170];
their meeting at Venice, [171];
magnificent ascriptions of dignity to, [173];
assertion of his prerogative in Italy, [174];
his version of the 'Translation of the Empire,' [175];
his dealings with the rebels of Milan and Tortona, [175];
his temporary success, [177];
victory of the Lombards over, [178];
his prosperity as German king, [178];
his glorious life and happy death, [179];
legend respecting him, [180];
extent of his jurisdiction, [182];
his dominion in the East, [189];
his letter to Saladin, [189];
anecdote of, [214].
Frederick II, character of, [207];
events of his struggle with the Papacy, [209];
results of his reign, [221];
the charge of heresy against, [251] note;
memorials left by, in Rome, [287].
Frederick III, abases himself before the Romish court, [220];
Charles the Bold seeks an arrangement with, [249];
his calamitous reign, [301].
Frederick (Count Palatine and King of Bohemia), deprived by Ferdinand II of his electoral vote, [231].
Germanic constitution, the, [221];
influence upon, of the theory of the Empire as an international power, [307];
attempted reforms of, [313];
means by which it was proposed to effect them, [314];
causes of their failure, [314].
Germany, beginning of the national existence of, [77];
chooses Arnulf as king, [78];
overrun by Hungarians, [79];
establishment of monarchy in, by Henry the Fowler, [79];
desires the restoration of the Carolingian Empire, [86];
position of in the tenth century, [122];
union of the Empire with, [122];
results of the union, [128];
dissimilarity of the two systems, [127];
feudalism in, [123];
the feudal polity of, generally, [125];
nature of the history of, till the twelfth century, [126];
princes of, ally themselves with the Pope against the Emperor, [162];
its hatred of the Romish Court, [169];
the position of under Frederick Barbarossa, [179];
growth of towns in, [179], [223];
decline of imperial power in, [211];
state of during Great Interregnum, [213];
decline of regal power in, [215];
encroachments of nobles in, [221], [228];
kingdom of, not originally elective, [225];
how it ultimately became elective, [226];
changes in the constitution of, [228];
its weakness as compared with other states of Europe, [302];
its loss of imperial territories, [303];
its internal weakness, [306];
position of the Emperor in, compared with that of his predecessors in Europe, [309];
beginning of the Hapsburg influence in, [310];
first consciousness of its nationality, [315];
destruction of its State-system, [324];
its troubles, [324];
finally severed from Rome, [340];
after the peace of Westphalia, [342];
effect of a number of petty independent states upon, [343];
feudalism in, [343];
its political life in the eighteenth century, [345];
foreign thrones acquired by its princes, [346];
French aggression upon, [346];
its weakness and stagnation, [347];
popular feeling in at the close of eighteenth century, [354];
Napoleon in, [361];
changes in, by war of 1866, [365] note;
influence of the Holy Empire on, [378].
[Gregory] VII (Pope), his condemnation of feudal investitures to the clergy, [158];
war between him and Henry IV, [159];
his letter to William the Conqueror, [160];
passage in his second excommunication of Henry, [161];
results of the struggle between them, [162];
his death, [162];
his theory as to the rights of the Pope with respect to the election of Emperors, [217];
his silence about the Translation of the Empire, [218];
his simile between the Empire and the Popedom, [373];
his demands on the Emperor, [386].
Gregory IX (Pope), Canon law consolidated by, [102];
receives the title of 'Justinian of the Church,' [102].
Hadrian I (Pope), summons Charles (the Great) to resist the Lombards, [41];
motives of his policy, [42];
his allusion to Constantine's Donation, [118] note.
Hadrian IV (Pope), Frederick I's contest with, [169], [285];
his pretensions, [197].
Hallam, his view of the grant of a Roman dignity to Clovis, [30] note.
Henry II (King of France), assumes the title of 'Protector of the German Liberties,' [325].
Henry II (King of England), his submissive tone towards Frederick I, [186].
Henry III, power of the Empire at its meridian under, [151];
his reform of the Popedom, [152];
fatal results of his encroachments, [152];
his death, [152].
Henry IV, election of, [226] note;
war between him and Gregory VII, [159];
his humiliation, [159];
results of the struggle, [162];
his death, [162].
Henry V (Emperor), his claims over ecclesiastics, [163];
his quarrel with Pope Paschal II, [163];
his perilous position, [163];
comparison between the prerogative at his death and that at the accession of Conrad II, [165];
tumults produced by his coronation, [285].
Henry V (King of England) refuses submission to the Emperor Sigismund, [187].
Henry VI, [188];
his proposal to unite Naples and Sicily to the Empire, [206];
opposition to the scheme, [206];
his untimely death, [206].
Italian nationality, era at which its first rudiments appeared, [140].
Italians, modern, their feelings towards Rome, [299].
Italy, under Odoacer, [26], [27];
attempt of Theodoric to establish a national monarchy in, [27];
reconquered by Justinian, [29];
harassed by the Lombards, [37];
condition of, previous to Otto's descent into, [80];
Otto the Great's first expedition into, [84];
its connexion with Germany, [87];
Otto's rule in, [139];
liberties of the northern cities of, [150];
Frederick I in, [174];
Henry VII in, [263];
lost to the Empire, [211], [304];
names of Emperors buried in, [287] note;
the nation at the present day, [389].
John XII (Pope), crowns Otto the Great, [87];
plots against him, [134];
his reprobate life, [134];
Liudprand's list of the charges against, [135];
letter recounting them sent to him, [136];
his reply, [136];
Otto's answer, [136];
deposed by Otto, [137];
regret of the Romans at his expulsion, [137];
his return and death, [138].
John XXII (Pope), his conflict with Lewis IV, [220].
Jurisprudence, influence of, in supporting the Empire, [31];
aversion of the Romish court to the ancient, [252];
influence of the Empire on modern, [383].
Jurists, their attitude towards imperialism, [256].
Justinian, Italy reconquered by, [29];
study of the legislation of, [240], [256].
'Justinian of the Church,' title of, conferred on Gregory IX, [102].
Landgrave of Thuringia, choice of the, commanded by the Pope, [219].
Lateran Palace at Rome, mosaic of the, [117], [288].
Latins and Greeks, origin of their separation, [37] note.
Lauresheim, Annals of, their account of the coronation of Charles, [53].
Law, old, the influence exercised by, [32];
era of the revived study of, [276].
Learning, revival of, [240];
connexion between it and imperialism, [254].
Leo I (Pope), his assertion of universal jurisdiction, [154].
Leo the Isaurian (Emperor), his attempt to abolish the worship of images, [38].
Leo III (Pope), his accession, [43];
his adventures, [44];
crowns Charles at Rome on Christmas Day, A.D. 800, [3], [49];
charter of, issued on same day, [106];
relation of, to the act of coronation, [52], [53];
lectured by Charles, [64].
Literature, revival of, [240];
connexion between it and imperialism, [254].
Liudprand (Bishop of Cremona), his list of the accusations against John XII, [135];
account of his embassy to the princess Theophano, [141].
Liudprand (King of the Lombards), attacks Rome and the exarchate, [38].
Lombard cities, [175];
their victory over Frederick I, [178].
Lombards, arrival of the, A.D. 568, [29], [37];
their aversion to the clergy, [37];
the Popes seek help from the Franks against the, [39];
extinction of their kingdom by Charlemagne, [41].
Marsilius of Padua, his 'de Imperio Romano,' [231] note.
Maximilian I, [231], [310];
character of his epoch, [310];
events of his reign, [313];
his title of 'Imperator electus,' [316], [405];
his proposals to recover Burgundy and Italy, [317].
Middle Ages, the state of the human mind in, [90];
theology of, [95];
philosophy of, [97];
relations of Church and State during, [107], [387];
mode of interpreting Scriptures in, [114];
art of, [116];
opposition of theory and practice in, [133], [261];
real beginning of, [204];
reverence for ancient forms and phrases in, [258];
absence of the idea of change or progress in, [259];
the city of Rome in, [269];
barbarism of the aristocracy in, [289];
ambition and corruption of the clergy in the latter, [290];
destruction of old buildings by the Romans of, [292];
existing relics of, [294];
aspiration for unity during, [370];
the Visible Church in the, [370];
ferocity of the heroes of, [382];
ways in which the Empire affected the political institutions of, [383];
idea of the communion of saints during, [387].
Milan, Frederick I's dealings with the rebels of, [125];
the rebuilding of, [178];
victory of Frederick II over, [287];
pretensions of Charles VIII and Lewis XII of France on, [315].
Naples, imperial authority in, [188], [205];
pretensions of Charles VIII and Lewis XII of France on, [315].
Napoleon, as compared with Charles the Great, [74];
extinction of Electorates by, [232];
Emperor of the West, [357];
his belief that he was the successor of Charlemagne, [358];
attitude of the Papacy towards, [359];
his mission in Germany, [361].
Nationalities of Europe, the formation of, [242];
relations of the Empire to the, [390].
Nationality, struggles of the Teutonic Emperors against, [388].
Odoacer, extinction of the Western Empire by, A.D. 476, [25];
his original position, [25] note;
his assumption of the title of King, [26];
nature of his government, [27].
Optatus (Bishop of Milevis), his treatise Contra Donatistas, [13] note.
Ostrogoths, [24];
war between Belisarius and the, [273].
Otto I, the Great, appealed to by Adelheid, [83];
his first expedition into Italy, [84];
invitation sent by the Pope to, [84];
his victory over the Hungarians, [85];
crowned king of Italy at Rome, [87];
his coronation a favourable opening to sacerdotal claims, [155];
causes of the revival of the Empire under, [84];
his coronation feast the inauguration of the Teutonic realm, [123];
consequences of his assumption of the imperial title, [128];
his position towards the Church, [128];
changes in title, [129];
his imperial office feudalized, [130];
the Germans made a single people by, [131];
incidents which befel him in Rome, [134];
inquires into the character and manners of Pope John XII, [135];
his letters to John, [136];
deposes John, [136];
appoints Leo in his stead, [137];
his suppression of the revolts of the Romans on account of John, [138];
his rule in Italy, [139];
resumes Charles's plans of foreign conquest, [140];
his policy towards Byzantium, [141];
seeks for his heir the hand of the princess Theophano, [141];
his policy towards the West Franks, [142];
his Northern and Eastern conquests, [143];
extent of his empire, [144];
comparison between it and that of Charles, [144];
beneficial results of his rule, [145];
how styled by Nicephorus, [211].
Otto II, [142];
memorials left by, in Rome, [317].
Otto III, his plans and ideas, [146], [147], [148];
his intense religious belief in the Emperor's duties, [147];
his reason for using the title 'Romanorum Imperator,' [147];
his early death, [148], [228];
his burial at Aachen, [148];
respect in which his life was so memorable, [149];
compared with Frederick II, [207];
his expostulation with the Roman people, [285] note;
memorials left by, in Rome, [286].
Otto IV, Pope Innocent III's exertions in behalf of, [206];
overthrown by Innocent, [207];
explanation of a curious seal of, [266] note.
P.
Palgrave (Sir F.), his view of the grant of a Roman dignity to Clovis, [30] note.
Palsgrave, deprived of his vote, [231];
reinstated, [231].
Papacy, the Teutonic reform of, [146];
Frederick I's bad relations with, [168];
Henry III's purification of, [152], [204];
growth of its power, [153];
its relations with the Empire, [153], [155], [216];
its condition after the dissolution of the Carolingian Empire, [275];
its attitude towards Napoleon, [359].
Papacy and Empire, interdependence of, [101];
its consequences, [102];
struggle between them, [153];
their relations, [155], [216];
parallel between, [369];
compared as perpetuation of a name, [372].
Papal elections, veto of Emperor on, [138], [155].
Pipin the Short appointed successor to Childeric, [39];
twice rescues Rome from the Lombards, [39];
receives the title of Patrician of the Romans, [40];
import of this title, [40];
date at which it was bestowed, [40] note.
Popes, emancipation of the, [27], [37], [281], [282];
appeal to the Franks for succour against the Lombards, [39];
their reasons for desiring the restoration of the Western Empire, [45], [46];
their theory respecting the coronation of Charles, [57];
their profligacy in the tenth century, [82], [85], [275];
their theory respecting the chair of St. Peter, [99];
their position and functions, [104];
growth of their pretensions, [108], [156], [217];
and power, [153];
their relations to the Emperor, [155];
their temporal power, [157];
their position as international judges, [243];
reaction against their pretensions, [243], [275];
their aversion to the study of ancient jurisprudence, [252];
hostility of, to the Germans, [284];
nature of the question at issue between the Emperors and, [385].
Reformation, dawnings of the, [240];
Charles V's attitude towards the, [321];
influence of its spirit on the Empire, [319], [325];
its real meaning, [325];
its effect on the doctrines regarding the Visible Church, [327];
consequent effect upon the Empire, [328];
its small immediate influence on political and religious liberty, [329];
conduct of the Protestant States after the, [330];
its influence on the name and associations of the Empire, [332].
Religion, influence of, in supporting the Empire, [31];
wars of, [330].
Rienzi, Petrarch's letter to the Roman people respecting, [255];
his character and career, [278].
Romans, revolts of the, at the expulsion of Pope John XII, [137], [138];
Otto's vigorous measures against the, [138];
their revolt from the Iconoclastic Emperors of the East, [274];
the title of King of the, [404].
Rome, commanding position of, in the second century, [7];
prestige of, not destroyed by the partition of the Empire, [9];
lingering influences of her Church and Law, [31], [32];
claim of, to the right of conferring the imperial crown, [57], [61], [81];
republican institutions of, renewed, [83];
profligacy of, in the tenth century, [82], [85];
under Arnold of Brescia, [174];
imitations of old, [257];
in the Middle Ages, [269];
absence of Gothic in, [271];
the modern traveller in, [271], [283];
causes of her rapid decay, [273];
peculiarities of her position, [274];
her internal history from the sixth to the twelfth century, [274];
her condition in the ninth and tenth centuries, [274];
growth of a republican feeling in, [276];
short-sighted policy of the Emperors towards, [277];
causes of the failure of the struggle for independence in, [280];
her internal condition, [280];
her people, [280];
her nobility, [281];
her bishop, [281];
relation of the Emperor to, [282];
the Emperors' visits to, [282];
dislike of, to the Germans, [285];
memorials of Otto III in, [286];
of Otto II, [287];
of Frederick II, [287];
causes of the want of mediæval monuments in, [289];
barbarism of the aristocracy of, [289];
ambition, weakness, and corruption of the clergy of, [290];
tendency of her builders to adhere to the ancient manner, [290];
destruction and alteration of old buildings in, [291];
her modern churches, [293];
existing relics of Dark and Middle Ages in, [291];
changed aspect of, [295];
analogy between her architecture and the civil and ecclesiastical constitution, [296];
relation of, to the Empire, [297];
feelings of modern Italians towards, [299];
perpetuation of the name of, [367];
parallel instances, [367];
Hildebert's lines contrasting the past and present of, [406].
Romulus Augustulus, his resignation at Odoacer's bidding, [25].
Swabia, extinction of the dukedom of, [222];
the towns of, [223], [313];
theory of the Emperors of the house of, respecting the coronation of Charles, [57].
Sweden, improbability of imperial pretensions to, [185].
Swiss Confederation, the, [306];
her gains by treaties of Westphalia, [341].
Theodebert (son of Clovis), his desire to preserve the institutions of the Empire, [18].
Theodoric the Ostrogoth, his attempt to establish a national monarchy in Italy, [27], [28];
its failure, [29];
his usual place of residence, [28] note;
prosperity under his reign, [29].
Theodosius (the Emperor), his abasement before St. Ambrose, [12].