GOOSEFOOT OR PIGWEED FAMILY. CHENOPODIACEAE.

Fig 45.[Spreading Orache. Atriplex patula] L.

Spreading Orache. Atriplex patula L. Seeds are likely to occur in either of three different guises, depending upon the degree of their ripeness or the amount of threshing to which they have been subjected.

Achenes thin, dull, granular, gray, closely fitting the seed; seed jet-black, shining, flattened, nearly circular, edge bluntly rounded, and notched in one place, a groove leading from one side of a margined protuberance part way to the center of the face, 1.5–1.8 mm. in diameter. Introduced from Europe. Seldom troublesome.

Fig 46.[Pigweed. Lamb's Quarters. Chenopodium album] L.

Pigweed. Lamb's Quarters. Chenopodium album L. Seeds are likely to occur in either of three different guises dependent upon the degree of their ripeness or the amount of threshing to which they have been subjected. The figure shows these conditions admirably.

Seeds black, dull or somewhat glistening, gray if not pretty clean; nearly circular; somewhat lens-shaped, one side usually more nearly flattened than the other 1–1.4 mm. in diameter, the edge bluntly rounded, the more convex side bearing a curved groove leading from one side of the marginal protuberance to near the center of the face, surface finely uneven, often with a faintly evident radiating striation. Introduced from Europe. Very common in annual crops.

Fig 47. [Mexican Tea. Chenopodium ambrosioides] L.

Mexican Tea. Chenopodium ambrosioides L. Note remarks under last preceding description concerning different stages of cleaning. Seeds smooth, shining, reddish brown, to black, thickly double convex with scarcely a trace of a hem-like margin, circular, short kidney-shaped or ovate with a notch on the edge, .6-.8 mm. long. Introduced from tropical America. Not prominent.

Fig 48. [Jerusalem Oak. Chenopodium Botrys] L.

Jerusalem Oak. Chenopodium Botrys L. Concerning different states of cleaning, note remarks above under C. album.

Seeds perfectly cleaned with great difficulty, brown to black or gray, when imperfectly cleaned, slightly flatted on two sides, circular or round, kidney-shaped, sometimes with a hem-like margin, on one side a faint groove from the margin to near the center of the face, .6-.8 mm. in diameter. Introduced from Europe. Not prominent.

Fig 49. [Oak-leaved Goosefoot. Chenopodium glaucum] L.

Oak-leaved Goosefoot. Chenopodium glaucum L. Concerning the different stages of cleaning note remarks above under C. album.

Seeds brown to black, more or less slightly granular, shining, flattened on two sides, circular edge bluntly rounded, with a single notch from which on one side extends a slight depression toward the center of the face, .5-.8 mm. in diameter. Introduced from Europe. Occasional on moist soil.

Fig 50. [Maple-leaved Goosefoot. Chenopodium hybridum] L.

Maple-leaved Goosefoot. Chenopodium hybridum L. Concerning the different stages of cleaning, note remarks above under C. album.

Seeds black, shining, greenish gray if not fully cleaned, nearly circular, lens-shaped, equally convex, 1.2–1.8 mm. in diameter, with a notch on the edge, from which on one side a groove leads to near the center of the face, surface finely uneven, often with a faintly evident radiating striation. Native of this country. Of little importance.

Fig 51. [Many-seeded Goosefoot. Chenopodium polyspermum] L.

Many-seeded Goosefoot. Chenopodium polyspermum L. Concerning different stages of cleaning, note remarks above under C. album.

Seeds finely glandular, shining, jet-black, greenish gray, when not fully cleaned, nearly circular or broadly kidney-shaped, sides equally convex, .6–1.1 mm. in diameter, with a notch on the edge from which on one side, a groove leads to near the center of the face. Introduced from Europe.

Fig 52.[Winged Pigweed. Cycloloma atriplicifolium] (Spreng.) Coulter.

Winged Pigweed. Cycloloma atriplicifolium (Spreng.) Coulter. Seeds are likely to occur in either of three different guises depending upon the degree their ripeness or the amount of threshing to which they have been subjected. See the figure of this species. Seeds granular, circular, dull, jet-black, or gray in case the thin ovary remains, 1.3–1.7 mm. in diameter, lower face convex, the upper slightly convex if mature, with a slight notch on the rounded edge, the lower face bearing a slight curved groove, leading from the notch to near the center, the upper face with a light spot at the center. Introduced from western United States. A tumble weed, not common.

Fig 53. [Russian Thistle. Salsola Kali tenuifolia] G. F. W. Mey.

Russian Thistle. Salsola Kali tenuifolia G. F. W. Mey. This is not a thistle nor a cactus, but a pigweed. Concerning different stages of cleaning, note remarks above under Chenopodium album (see the figures). Seeds conical, the apex flattened or concave, both sides showing the long coiled embryo, light gray in color, about 2 mm. in diameter. Introduced from northern Europe into the north west and from there into Michigan. Well advertised, though not of high rank as a weed in this state. A tumble weed.