The Butterfly Book / A Popular Guide to a Knowledge of the Butterflies of North America

by W. J. Holland

INDEX

• aaroni, Phycanassa, [363]
• Abbot, John, [70]
• abbotti, Papilio, [307]
• abdomen, [7], [17]
• aberrations, [24]
• acadica, Thecla, [242];
• Pieris, [280]
• acastus, Melitæa, [143]
• accius, Lerema, [366]
• Achalarus, genus, [325];
• cellus, [326];
• lycidas, [325]
• acis, Thecla, [240], [246]
• acmon, Lycæna, [266]
• Acræa, genus, [162]
• Acræinæ, subfamily, [162]
• Actinomeris, [157]
• Adelpha, genus, [187];
• californica, [187]
• adenostomatis, Thecla, [245]
• adiante, Argynnis, [123]
• Admiral, The Red, [170]
• Admirals, The White, [182];
• Hulst's, [185];
• Lorquin's, [185]
• æmilia, Thorybes, [325]
• ænus, Amblyscirtes, [341]
• ætna, Thymelicus, [351]
• affinis, Thecla, [249]
• afranius, Thanaos, [334]
• agarithe, Catopsilia, [287]
• Ageronia, genus, [193];
• feronia, [194];
• fornax, [194]
• Agraulis, genus, [96]
• Agrion, genus of dragon-flies, [86]
• ajax, Papilio, [307]
• alberta, Brenthis, [135]
• albinism, [24]
• albinos, [64]
• alcestis, Argynnis, [107];
• Thecla, [241]
• alexandra, Colias, [292]
• aliaska, Papilio, [312]
• alicia, Chlorippe, [190]
• alma, Melitæa, [147]
• alope, Satyrus, [215]
• alpheus, Pholisora, [331]
• Alpines, The, [208];
• Alaskan, [209];
• Colorado, [209];
• Common, [210];
• Red-streaked, [209]
• Althæa, [170]
• Amarantaceæ, [330]
• Amarantus, [335]
• Amblyscirtes, genus, [339];
• ænus, [341];
• samoset, [340];
• simius, [341];
• textor, [341];
• vialis, [340]
• American Entomological Society, [73]
• ammon, Lycæna, [270]
• Amorpha californica, [289]
• ampelos, Cœnonympha, [207]
• amymone, Cystineura, [177]
• amyntula, Lycæna, [268]
• anal angle of wing, [19]
• Anartia, genus, [174];
• jatrophæ, [174]
• Anatomy of Butterflies, [14]-[25]
• Ancyloxypha, genus, [344];
• numitor, [345]
• andria, Pyrrhanæa, [9], [192]
• androconia, [18], [19]
• Angle-wings, The, [163];
• Colorado, [165];
• Graceful, [166]
• anicia, Melitæa, [140]
• Animal Kingdom, The Place of Butterflies in the, [58]
• annetta, Lycæna, [266]
• Anosia, genus, [81];
• berenice, [82], [84];
• plexippus, [4], [6], [7], [11], [12], [14], [15], [63], [82], [171];
• strigosa, [84]
• antennæ of caterpillar, [6];
• of butterfly, [14], [16], [23], [61]
• Antennaria, [170]
• Anthocharis, genus, [282]
• Anthrenus, a museum pest, [53]
• antiacis, Lycæna, [261]
• antiopa, Vanessa, [5], [7], [94], [169]
• Antirrhinum, [173]
• antonia, Chlorippe, [189]
• aortal chamber, [23]
• aphrodite, Argynnis, [107]
• apparatus, collecting, [26];
• for breeding butterflies, [34];
• for mounting butterflies, [39];
• for inflating caterpillars, [45];
• for preserving specimens, [48];
• pins, [56];
• forceps, [56]
• Aquilegia canadensis, [334]
• aquilo, Lycæna, [263]
• Arabis, [284]
• arachne, Melitæa, [148]
• Arachnida, [59]
• arctic butterflies, [171]
• Arctics, The, [218];
• Bruce's, [223];
• Greater, [220];
• Labrador, [223];
• Macoun's, [221];
• Mead's, [222];
• Uhler's, [222]
• Argynnis, genus, [96], [99], [101], [161], [172];
• adiante, [123];
• alcestis, [107];
• aphrodite, [18], [107];
• artonis, [123];
• atlantis, [108];
• atossa, [122];
• behrensi, [115];
• bischoffi, [124];
• bremneri, [113];
• callippe, [118];
• carpenteri, [106];
• chitone, [116];
• cipris, [107];
• clio, [124];
• columbia, [111];
• cornelia, [110];
• coronis, [117];
• coronis, [117];
• cybele, [106];
• diana, [103];
• edwardsi, [119];
• egleis, [126];
• electa, [111];
• eurynome, [125];
• halcyone, [116];
• hesperis, [112];
• hippolyta, [112];
• idalia, [103];
• inornata, [122];
• lais, [109];
• laura, [120];
• leto, [105];
• liliana, [119];
• macaria, [121];
• meadi, [119];
• monticola, [114];
• montivaga, [126];
• nausicaä, [108];
• nevadensis, [118];
• nitocris, [105];
• nokomis, [104];
• opis, [124];
• oweni, [109];
• platina, [117];
• purpurescens, [114];
• rhodope, [115];
• rupestris, [120];
• semiramis, [121];
• snyderi, [118];
• zerene, [113]
• ariadne, Colias, [29]
• ariane, Satyrus, [216]
• Aristolochia, [315], [316]
• army-worm, [257]
• Arnold, Sir Edwin, quotations from, [214], [258]
• arota, Chrysophanus, [252]
• arrangement, of specimens, [52];
• of species, [62]
• arsace, Thecla, [248]
• arthemis, Basilarchia, [184]
• Arthropoda, definition of, [59];
• subdivisions of, [59]
• artonis, Argynnis, [123]
• Asama-yama, volcano, [150]
• Asclepias, [81]
• Asimina triloba, [308]
• astarte, Brenthis, [135]
• aster, Lycæna, [266]
• asterias, Papilio, [314]
• Astragalus, [240]
• astyanax, Basilarchia, [184]
• atala, Eumæus, [237], [370]
• atalanta, Pyrameis, [170]
• Atalopedes, genus, [352];
• huron, [352]
• atlantis, Argynnis, [108]
• atossa, Argynnis, [122]
• Atrytone, genus, [363];
• delaware, [365];
• melane, [365];
• pocahontas, [364];
• taxiles, [365];
• vitellius, [364];
• zabulon, [364]
• attalus, Erynnis, [349]
• augusta, Melitæa, [141]
• augustus, Thecla, [247]
• ausonides, Euchloë, [283]
• australis, Calephelis, [233]
• autolycus, Thecla, [241]
• Azalea occidentalis, [166]

• bachmanni, Libythea, [227]
• bairdi, Papilio, [313]
• baits for butterflies, [32]
• Banded Reds, The, [175]
• Baptisia, [333]
• Barbauld, Mrs., quotation from, [76]
• barnesi, Phyciodes, [155]
• baroni, Melitæa, [141];
• Satyrus, [216]
• base of wing, [19]
• Basilarchia, genus, [182];
• arthemis, [184];
• astyanax, [183];
• disippus, [3], [8], [84], [185];
• eros, [186];
• floridensis, [186];
• hulsti, [84], [185];
• lorquini, [185];
• proserpina, [184];
• pseudodorippus, [185];
• weidemeyeri, [185]
• Bates, H.W., on study of butterflies, [3];
• as a collector, [338]
• batesi, Phyciodes, [154]
• bathyllus, Thorybes, [325]
• battoides, Lycæna, [264]
• beani, Melitæa, [140]
• beating for lepidoptera, [33]
• beckeri, Pieris, [277]
• Beelzebub, the "god of flies," [334]
• behrensi, Argynnis, [115]
• behri, Colias, [294];
• Parnassius, [306];
• Thecla, [247]
• bellona, Brenthis, [134]
• Belt, "Naturalist in Nicaragua," [91]
• berenice, Anosia, [84]
• bischoffi, Argynnis, [124]
• Blake & Co., forceps, [56]
• bleaching wings of butterflies, [20]
• blenina, Thecla, [245]
• blow-fly, holding middle place in scale of animal existence, [271]
• Blues, The, [236], [258];
• Arrow-head, [262];
• Aster, [266];
• Behr's, [260], [264];
• Boisduval's, [260];
• Bright, [259];
• Colorado, [264];
• Common, [267];
• Couper's, [261];
• Dotted, [264];
• Dwarf, [269];
• Eastern tailed, [268];
• Eyed, [261];
• Florida, [269];
• Gray, [263];
• Greenish, [260];
• Indian River, [270];
• Labrador, [263];
• Marine, [270];
• Orange-margined, [265];
• Pygmy, [269], [271];
• Reakirt's, [268];
• Rustic, [263];
• Scudder's, [265];
• Shasta, [265];
• Silvery, [262];
• Small, [262];
• Sonora, [263];
• Varied, [259];
• Western tailed, [268];
• West Indian, [270]
• Bœhmeria, [170]
• Boisduval, Dr. J.A., [70]
• Boisduval and Leconte, "Histoire Générale et Monographie des Lepidoptères et des Chenilles de l'Amérique Septentrionale," [70]
• boisduvali, Brenthis, [132]
• Boisduval's Marble, [285]
• bolli, Melitæa, [147]
• Books about North American Butterflies, [69]
• boöpis, Satyrus, [216]
• borealis, Calephelis, [232]
• boxes for preserving collections, [48]
• brain, [22], [23]
• breeding butterflies, [34]-[37]
• breeding-cages, [35], [36]
• bremneri, Argynnis, [113]
• Brenthis, genus, [128], [224];
• alberta, [135];
• astarte, [135];
• bellona, [134];
• boisduvali, [132];
• chariclea, [132];
• epithore, [135];
• freija, [132];
• frigga, [133];
• helena, [131];
• montinus, [131];
• myrina, [129];
• polaris, [133];
• triclaris, [130]
• brettus, Thymelicus, [351]
• brevicauda, Papilio, [313]
• British Museum, [338]
• brizo, Thanaos, [332]
• bronchial tubes, [22]
• Brongniart, M. Charles, [196]
• Brooklyn Entomological Society, [73]
• Brown, The Gemmed, [202];
• Henshaw's, [202]
• brucei, Œneis, [223];
• Papilio, [313]
• Brush-footed Butterflies. See Nymphalidæ
• bryoniæ, Pieris, [279]
• Buckeye, The, [173]
• Buckland, Frank, story of, [68]
• "Bulletin Brooklyn Entomological Society," [73]
• bumblebees in Australia, [256]
• Butterflies' Fad, The, [186]
• Butterflies' Fad, The, [186]
• "Butterflies and Moths of North America," Strecker, [72]
• "Butterflies of New England, The," by S.H. Scudder, [72];
• by C.J. Maynard, [72]
• "Butterflies of North America," by W.H. Edwards, [71]
• Butterflies, Widely Distributed, [171]
• Butterfly, Baird's, [313];
• Bruce's, [313];
• Chryxus, [221];
• Holland's, [314];
• Iduna, [220];
• Varuna, [222];
• White Mountain, [222]
• Butts, Mary, quotation from, [251]
• byssus, Limochores, [358]
• cabinets, [50]
• cænius, Calephelis, [232]
• cæsonia, Meganostoma, [289]
• cæspitalis, Hesperia, [328]
• Calais, Œneis, [221]
• calanus, Thecla, [243]
• Calephelis, genus, [232];
• australis, [233];
• borealis, [232];
• cænius, [232];
• nemesis, [233]
• Calicoes, The, [193];
• Orange-skirted, [194];
• White-skirted, [194]
• California, Cœnonympha, [205]
• californica, Adelpha, [187];
• Mechanitis, [87];
• Vanessa, [168]
• callias, Erebia, [209]
• Callicore, genus, [178];
• clymena, [178]
• callippe, Argynnis, [118]
• Callosune, genus, [162]
• Calpodes, genus, [355];
• ethlius, [356]
• calverleyi, Papilio, [314]
• Camberwell Beauty, The, [169]
• camillus, Phyciodes, [155]
• canthus, Satyrodes, [200]
• Cardamine, [284]
• cardui, Pyrameis, [170], [171]
• Carduus, [170]
• carinenta, Libythea, [227]
• Carnegie Museum, The, [49], [50], [338]
• carolina, Lerema, [367]
• carpenteri, Argynnis, [106]
• Carryl, Charles Edward, quotation from, [208]
• caryæ, Pyrameis, [170]
• Cassia, [286]
• Castniidæ, family, [368]
• Caterpillar and the Ant, The, [316]
• caterpillars, structure, form, color, etc., [5]-[11];
• social habits, [8];
• nests, [8];
• wood-boring, [8];
• moulting, [9];
• manner of defense, [9];
• protected by color, [8];
• duration of life of, [10];
• preservation of, [44]-[48];
• carnivorous, [9].
• See Feniseca
• Catopsilia, genus, [285];
• agarithe, [287];
• eubule, [286];
• philea, [286]
• catullus, Pholisora, [330]
• Ceanothus thyrsiflorus, [168]
• cecrops, Thecla, [246]
• cellus, Achalarus, [326]
• celtis, Chlorippe, [189]
• Celtis, genus of plants, [188]
• centaureæ, Hesperia, [327]
• Cerasus (Wild Cherry), [310]
• Ceratinia, genus, [88];
• lycaste, [88];
• var. negreta, [88]
• cethura, Euchloë, [284]
• chalcedon, Melitæa, [139]
• chalcis, Thecla, [244]
• chara, Melitæa, [146]
• chariclea, Brenthis, [132]
• charitonius, Heliconius, [92]
• charon, Satyrus, [217]
• Chenopodium album, [330]
• Chicken-thief, a supposed, [33]
• Chionobas, genus, [218]
• chiron, Timetes, [180]
• chitone, Argynnis, [116]
• Chlorippe, genus, [188];
• alicia, [190];
• antonia, [189];
• celtis, [189];
• clyton, [190];
• flora, [191];
• leilia, [190];
• montis, [190]
• chrysalis, form of, [11];
• color, [12];
• duration of life of, [13];
• preservation of, [43]
• chrysippus, Danais, [182]
• chrysomelas, Colias, [291]
• Chrysophanus, genus, [251];
• arota, [252];
• editha, [253];
• epixanthe, [254];
• gorgon, [253];
• helloides, [254];
• hypophlæas, [254];
• mariposa, [254];
• rubidus, [255];
• sirius, [255];
• snowi, [255];
• thoë, [253];
• virginiensis, [252];
• xanthoides, [253]
• cipris, Argynnis, [107]
• citima, Thecla, [239]
• Citrus, [311]
• clara, Lycæna, [259]
• Clark, Willis G., quotation from, [250]
• Classification of Butterflies, [58]
• claudia, Euptoieta, [99]
• cleis, Lemonias, [232]
• Clerck, Charles, [69];
• "Icones," [69]
• clio, Argynnis, [124]
• Clitoria, [322]
• clitus, Thanaos, [336]
• clodius, Parnassius, [305]
• club-men, [176]
• clymena, Callicore, [178]
• clypeus, [14], [15]
• clytie, Thecla, [247]
• clyton, Chlorippe, [190]
• Cnicus, [170]
• Codling-moth, [257]
• cœnia, Junonia, [173]
• Cœnonympha, genus, [205];
• ampelos, [207];
• California, [205];
• elko, [206];
• eryngii, [250];
• galactinus, [205];
• haydeni, [207];
• inornata, [206];
• kodiak, [207];
• ochracea, [206];
• pamphiloides, [207];
• pamphilus, [207];
• typhon, [206]
• Colænis, genus, [94];
• delila, [95];
• julia, [95]
• Cold, In the Face of the, [224];
• effects of, on butterflies, [225]
• Coleridge, S.T., quotation from, [306]
• Colias, genus, [161], [163], [289];
• alexandra, [292];
• ariadne, [291];
• behri, [294];
• chrysomelas, [291];
• elis, [290];
• eriphyle, [291];
• eurytheme, [290];
• interior, [292];
• keewaydin, [291];
• meadi, [290];
• nastes, [293];
• pelidne, [293];
• philodice, [17], [291];
• scudderi, [293]
• collecting apparatus, [26]-[34]
• collecting-jars, [28]-[30]
• Collections and Collectors, [337]
• colon, Melitæa, [140]
• colon, The, [22]
• color, of eggs of butterflies, [4];
• of caterpillars, [8]
• Columbia, Argynnis, [111]
• comma, Grapta, [165]
• Comstock, John Henry, "A Manual for the Study of Insects," [74]
• comyntas, Lycæna, [268]
• comyntas, Lycæna, [268]
• Cook, Eliza, quotation from, [198]
• Copæodes, genus, [345];
• myrtis, [346];
• procris, [345];
• wrighti, [346]
• Coppers, The, [236], [251];
• American, [254];
• Bronze, [253];
• Great, [253];
• Least, [254];
• Nevada, [252];
• Purplish, [254];
• Reakirt's, [254];
• Ruddy, [255];
• Snow's, [255]
• coresia, Timetes, [180]
• cornelia, Argynnis, [110]
• coronis, Argynnis, [117]
• costal margin of wing, [19]
• costal vein, [20], [21]
• couperi, Lycæna, [261]
• Cowan, Frank, quotations from, [90], [299]
• Cowper, quotation from, [275]
• coxa, [17], [18]
• Cramer, Peter, [69];
• "Papillons Exotiques," [69]
• cremaster, [11]
• creola, Debis, [199]
• Creole, The, [199]
• Crescent-spots, The, [150];
• Pearl, [153]
• cresphontes, Papilio, [311]
• creusa, Euchloë, [283]
• Crimson-patch, The, [159]
• crocale, Synchloë, [160]
• Crustacea, [59]
• crysalus, Thecla, [239]
• cybele, Argynnis, [106]
• Cystineura, genus, [177];
• amymone, [177]
• cythera, Lemonias, [230]
• dædalus, Lycæna, [260]
• Dagger-wings, The, [179];
• Many-banded, [180];
• Ruddy, [180]
• damaris, Terias, [296]
• damon, Thecla, [246]
• Danais chrysippus, [182]
• "darning-needles," [86]
• daunus, Papilio, [310]
• Debis, genus, [198];
• creola, [199];
• portlandia, [199]
• delaware, Atrytone, [365]
• delia, Terias, [298]
• delila, Colænis, [95]
• Dermestes, a museum pest, [53]
• diana, Argynnis, [103], [127]
• Dichora, genus, [195]
• Diclippa, [157]
• dimorphism, [23]
• Dione, genus, [96];
• vanillæ, [97]
• dionysius, Neominois, [213]
• Dircenna, genus, [89];
• klugi, [89]
• disa, Erebia, [209]
• discal area of wing, [19]
• discocellular veins, [21]
• discoidalis, Erebia, [209];
• Thecla, [246]
• disippus, Basilarchia, [3], [8], [84], [185]
• Dismorphia, genus, [273];
• melite, [274]
• Distribution of Butterflies, [25]
• Dog-face Butterflies, [288];
• Californian, [288];
• Southern, [289]
• Doherty, William, [338]
• domicella, Hesperia, [327]
• dorsal vessel, [22]
• dorus, Plestia, [322]
• Drake, Joseph Rodman, quotation from, [320]
• Druce, Herbert, [338]
• dryas, Grapta, [165]
• drying-boxes, [42]
• drying-ovens, [46], [47]
• dumetorum, Thecla, [249]
• duryi, Lemonias, [230]
• Dusky-wings, The, [324], [332];
• Afranius', [334];
• Butler's, [325];
• Dark, [333];
• Dreamy, [333];
• Funereal, [336];
• Horace's, [336];
• Juvenal's, [335];
• Lucilius', [333];
• Martial's, [335];
• Nævius', [336];
• Northern, [324];
• Mrs. Owen's, [325];
• Pacuvius', [336];
• Persius', [334];
• Petronius', [335];
• Sleepy, [332];
• Southern, [325]
• Dyar, Harrison G., [186]
• dymas, Melitæa, [145]
• eagle, white-headed, [63]
• editha, Chrysophanus, [253];
• Melitæa, [142]
• Edwards, W.H., Author of "Butterflies of North America," vi, [71];
• types of butterflies named by, vi
• edwardsi, Argynnis, [119];
• Thecla, [243]
• eggs of butterflies, [3]-[5];
• how to secure, [34];
• preparation and preservation of, [43]
• egleis, Argynnis, [126]
• elada, Melitæa, [145]
• elathea, Terias, [298]
• electa, Argynnis, [111]
• Elfin, Banded, [249];
• Brown, [247];
• Hoary, [248]
• elis, Colias, [290]
• elko, Cœnonympha, [206]
• Elwes, Henry J., [338]
• Emerson, Ralph Waldo, quotations from, [197], [319]
• Emperor, The Mountain, [190];
• The Tawny, [190]
• enoptes, Lycæna, [264]
• "Entomologica Americana," [73]
• "Entomologist, The Canadian," [73]
• entomology, definition of, [59];
• in high schools, [257]
• envelopes for butterflies, [37]
• Epargyreus, genus, [322];
• tityrus, [323]
• epigena, Thorybes, [325]
• epipsodea, Erebia, [210]
• epithore, Brenthis, [135]
• epixanthe, Chrysophanus, [254]
• Erebia, genus, [208], [224];
• callias, [209];
• disa, [209];
• discoidalis, [209];
• epipsodea, [210];
• ethela, [210];
• magdalena, [211];
• mancinus, [209];
• sofia, [210];
• tyndarus, [210]
• Eresia, genus, [157];
• frisia, [157];
• ianthe, [158];
• punctata, [158];
• texana, [158];
• tulcis, [158]
• Ericaceæ, [244]
• eriphyle, Colias, [291]
• eros, Basilarchia, [186]
• Erycininæ, subfamily, [228]
• eryngii, Cœnonympha, [205]
• Erynnis, genus, [346];
• attalus, [349];
• leonardus, [349];
• manitoba, [347];
• metea, [348];
• morrisoni, [347];
• ottoë, [348];
• sassacus, [348];
• snowi, [350];
• sylvanoides, [349];
• uncas, [349]
• eryphon, Thecla, [248]
• ethela, Erebia, [210]
• Ethiopian Faunal Region, [161]
• ethlius, Calpodes, [356]
• eubule, Catopsilia, [286]
• Euchloë, genus, [282];
• ausonides, [283];
• cethura, [284];
• creusa, [283];
• flora, [282];
• genutia, [4], [284];
• julia, [283];
• lanceolata, [285];
• lanceolata, [285];
• morrisoni, [284];
• pima, [284];
• reakirti, [282];
• rosa, [284];
• sara, [282];
• Stella, [283]
• Eudamus, genus, [320];
• proteus, [321]
• eufala, Lerodea, [356]
• Eumæus, genus, [237];
• atala, [237], [370];
• minyas, [237]
• Eunica, genus, [175];
• monima, [176];
• tatila, [176]
• Euphorbiaceæ, [192]
• Euphyes, genus, [359];
• metacomet, [360];
• verna, [360]
• Euplœinæ, subfamily, [78], [80];
• protected insects, [84];
• Indo-Malayan, [161]
• Euptoieta, genus, [98];
• claudia, [99];
• hegesia, [100]
• eurydice, Meganostoma, [288]
• eurymedon, Papilio, [308]
• eurynome, Argynnis, [125]
• eurytheme, Colias, [290]
• eurytus, Neonympha, [203]
• Exchanges, [344]
• exilis, Lycæna, [269]
• external angle of wing, [19]
• external margin of wing, [19]
• eyes, of caterpillars, [6];
• of butterflies, [14], [16]
• fabricii, Grapta, [164]
• Fabricius, Johann Christian, [69]
• Fad, The Butterflies', [186]
• Families of Butterflies, [64]
• Family names, [63]
• Faun, The, [165]
• Faunal Regions, [161]
• faunus, Grapta, [165]
• favonius, Thecla, [240]
• Fawcett, Edgar, quotation from, [228]
• felicia, Nathalis, [281]
• femur, [17], [18]
• Feniseca, genus, [250];
• tarquinius, [9], [251]
• feronia, Ageronia, [194]
• Field, Eugene, quotation from, [74]
• field-boxes, [30]
• flava, Terias, [296]
• Flint, Charles L., edition of Harris' Report, [71]
• flora, Chlorippe, [191];
• Euchloë, [282]
• floridensis, Basilarchia, [186];
• Papilio, [307]
• food of caterpillars, [10]
• food-plants, Selection of, by female butterfly, [5]
• Food-reservoir, [22]
• forceps, [56]
• fornax, Ageronia, [194]
• Fossil Insects, [195]
• freija, Brenthis, [132]
• French, Professor G.H., [72]
• frigga, Brenthis, [133]
• frisia, Eresia, [157]
• Fritillary, The Variegated, [99];
• Mexican, [100];
• Regal, [103];
• Great Spangled, [106];
• Miss Owen's, [110];
• Behr's, [114];
• Behrens', [115];
• Skinner's, [117];
• Snyder's, [118];
• Edwards', [119];
• Cliff-dwelling, [120];
• Plain, [122];
• Bischoff's, [124];
• Silver-bordered, [129];
• Hübner's, [130];
• White Mountain, [131];
• Boisduval's, [132];
• Lapland, [132];
• Polar, [133];
• Meadow, [134]
• front, definition of, [14]
• fuliginosa, Lycæna, [258]
• fulla, Lycæna, [259]
• funeralis, Thanaos, [336]
• gabbi, Melitæa, [144];
• Satyrus, [216]
• Galactia, [333]
• galactinus, Cœnonympha, [205]
• ganglia, [22], [23]
• garita, Oarisma, [343]
• Geirocheilus, genus, [211];
• tritonia, [211]
• gemma, Neonympha, [202]
• genoveva, Junonia, [174]
• genus, definition of, [63]
• genutia, Euchloë, [284]
• Gerardia, [173]
• Geyer, Karl, [70]
• Gibson, William Hamilton, quotation from, [93]
• gigas, Œneis, [220]
• Glass-wing, The Little, [360]
• glaucon, Lycæna, [264]
• glaucus, Papilio, [309]
• Gnaphalium, [170]
• Goatweed Butterfly, The, [192];
• Morrison's 193
• Godman, F.D., [338]
• gorgon, Chrysophanus, [253]
• Gossamer-wing, The Sooty, [258]
• gracilis, Grapta, [166]
• Grapta, genus, [163];
• comma, [5], [165];
• dryas, [165];
• fabricii, [164];
• faunus, [165];
• gracilis, [166];
• harrisi, [165];
• hylas, [165];
• interrogationis, [164];
• marsyas, [165];
• progne, [166];
• satyrus, [165];
• silenus, [166];
• umbrosa, [164];
• zephyrus, [166]
• greasy specimens, [54]
• Grossulaceæ, [167]
• grunus, Thecla, [238]
• gundlachia, Terias, [295]
• Hackberry Butterflies, [188], [189]
• Hair-streaks, The, [236], [237];
• Acadian, [242];
• Banded, [243];
• Behr's, [247];
• Boisduval's, [238];
• Bronzed, [244];
• Colorado, [239];
• Common, [242];
• Coral, [250];
• Drury's, [246];
• Early, [249];
• Edwards', [243];
• Gray, [245];
• Great Purple, [239];
• Green-winged, [249];
• Green White-spotted, [249];
• Hedge-row, [244];
• Henry's, [248];
• Hewitson's, [245];
• Martial, [240];
• Nelson's, [245];
• Olive, [246];
• Southern, [240];
• Striped, [244];
• Texas, [241];
• Thicket, [245];
• White-M, [240];
• Wittfeld's, [241]
• halcyone, Argynnis, [116]
• halesus, Thecla, [239]
• Hamadryas, genus, [85]
• Hannington, Bishop, [172]
• hanno, Lycæna, [269]
• Harris, Dr. T.W., [70];
• "Report on the Insects of Massachusetts which are Injurious to Vegetation," [71]
• harrisi, Grapta, [165];
• Melitæa, [144]
• Harvester, The, [251]
• Haworth, quotation from, [236]
• haydeni, Cœnonympha, [207]
• hayhursti, Pholisora, [331]
• head, of butterfly, [14];
• of caterpillar, [6]
• heart, [22], [23]
• hegesia, Euptoieta, [100]
• Heine, quotation from, [281]
• helena, Brenthis, [131]
• Heliconiinæ, subfamily, [78], [91], [162]
• Heliconius, genus, [92], [162];
• charitonius, [92]
• helloides, Chrysophanus, [254]
• helloides, Chrysophanus, [254]
• Hemans, Mrs. Felicia, quotation from, [303]
• henrici, Thecla, [248]
• henshawi, Neonympha, [202]
• hermodur, Parnassius, [306]
• Hesperia, genus, [326];
• cæspitalis, [328];
• centaureæ, [327];
• domicella, [327];
• montivaga, [327];
• nessus, [329];
• scriptura, [328];
• xanthus, [328]
• Hesperiidæ, family, [21], [66], [318];
• fossil, [196]
• Hesperiinæ, subfamily, [320]
• hesperis, Argynnis, [112]
• Heterocera, [62]
• Heterometabola, [59]
• heteronea, Lycæna, [259]
• hianna, Lerema, [366]
• hibernaculum of Basilarchia, [183]
• hibernation of caterpillars, [10], [37]
• hippolyta, Argynnis, [112]
• Hoary-edge, The, [326]
• hoffmanni, Melitæa, [143]
• Holland, Philemon, quotation from translation of Livy, [85]
• hollandi, Papilio, [314]
• Hood, Thomas, quotation from, [237]
• horatius, Thanaos, [336]
• Hornaday, W.T., vii
• Hosackia argophylla, [249]
• howardi, Phycanassa, [363]
• Hübner, Jacob, [69];
• works of, [70]
• Hugo's "Flower to Butterfly," [74]
• hulsti, Basilarchia, [84], [185]
• humuli, Thecla, [242]
• Humulus, [170]
• huntera, Pyrameis, [170]
• Hunter's Butterfly, [170]
• huron, Atalopedes, [352]
• hylas, Grapta, [165]
• Hylephila, genus, [354];
• phylæus, [354]
• Hypanartia, genus, [175];
• lethe, [175]
• Hypolimnas, genus, [180];
• misippus, [171], [181]
• hypophlæas, Chrysophanus, [254]
• ianthe, Eresia, [158]
• icarioides, Lycæna, [260]
• icelus, Thanaos, [333]
• idalia, Argynnis, [103]
• iduna, Œneis, [220]
• ilaire, Tachyris, [276]
• imago, the, [13]
• Immortality, [57]
• Indigofera, [335]
• Indo-Malayan Faunal Region, [161]
• indra, Papilio, [312]
• ines, Thecla, [247]
• inflating larvæ, [44]
• Ingelow, Jean, quotation from, [150], [188]
• inner margin of wing, [19]
• inornata, Argynnis, [122];
• Cœnonympha, [206]
• Insect pests, [53]
• Insecta, [59]
• Insects, Fossil, [194]
• Instinct, [280]
• interior, Colias, [292]
• interrogationis, Grapta, [164]
• intestine, [22], [23]
• iole, Nathalis, [281]
• irus, Thecla, [248]
• ismeria, Phyciodes, [152]
• isola, Lycæna, [268]
• isophthalma, Lycæna, [269]
• isthmia, Mechanitis, [87]
• Ithomiinæ, subfamily, [78], [85], [162]
• itys, Thecla, [243]
• ivalida, Œneis, [222]
• Jackson, Helen Hunt (H.H.), quotation from, [318]
• j-album, Vanessa, [168]
• janais, Synchloë, [159]
• Japan, Collecting in, [149]
• jatrophæ, Anartia, [174]
• jucunda, Terias, [298]
• julia, Colænis, [95];
• Euchloë, [283]
• Juniperus virginiana, [246]
• Junonia, genus, [172];
• cœnia, [173];
• genoveva, [174];
• lavinia, [173]
• jutta, Œneis, [222]
• juvenalis, Thanaos, [335]
• Kansas grasshopper, [257]
• Karlsbader pins, [56]
• keewaydin, Colias, [291]
• Kenia, Mount, [172]
• Key to Subfamilies of Nymphalidæ, [79]
• Kilima-njaro, [172]
• Kirby, Beard, & Co.'s pins, [56]
• klugi, Dircenna, [89]
• kodiak, Cœnonympha, [207]
• Kricogonia, genus, [287];
• lyside, [287];
• terissa, [287]
• labels, [52]
• labial palpi. See Palpi
• labium, of caterpillar, [6];
• of butterfly, [16]
• labrum, of caterpillar, [6];
• of butterfly, [14]
• lacinia, Synchloë, [159]
• Lady, The Painted, [170], [171];
• The West Coast, [170]
• læta, Thecla, [249]
• lais, Argynnis, [109]
• Lamb's-quarter, [330]
• lanceolata, Euchloë, [285]
• lappets, [17]
• Laria, genus of moths, [224];
• rossi, [224]
• larva. See Caterpillar
• laura, Argynnis, [120]
• Lauraceæ, [192]
• Lavatera assurgentiflora, [171]
• lavinia, Junonia, [173]
• Leaf-wings, The, [191]
• leanira, Melitæa, [146]
• Leconte, Major John E., [70]
• legs, of caterpillars, [7];
• of butterflies, [17]
• leilia, Chlorippe, [190]
• Lemonias, genus, [229];
• cleis, [232];
• cythera, [230];
• duryi, [230];
• mormo, [229];
• nais, [230];
• palmeri, [231];
• virgulti, [230];
• zela, [231]
• Lemoniidæ, [65], [228]
• leonardus, Erynnis, [349]
• Leopard-spots, The, [178]
• Lepidoptera, [60];
• diurnal, [61]
• Lerema, genus, [366];
• accius, [366];
• carolina, [367];
• hianna, [366]
• Lerodea, genus, [356];
• eufala, [356]
• Lespedeza, [324]
• lethe, Hypanartia, [175]
• leto, [105]
• libya, Pholisora, [331]
• libya, Pholisora, [331]
• Libythea, genus, [226];
• bachmanni, [227];
• carinenta, [227];
• labdaca, [195]
• Libytheinæ, subfamily, [78], [226];
• fossil, [196]
• liliana, Argynnis, [119]
• limbal area of wing, [19]
• Limochores, genus, [357];
• byssus, [358];
• manataaqua, [357];
• palatka, [358];
• pontiac, [358];
• taumas, [357];
• yehl, [359]
• Linnæus, [58], [69]
• liparops, Thecla, [244]
• lisa, Terias, [297]
• Literature relating to North American butterflies, [69]
• Long-dash, The, [351]
• lorquini, Basilarchia, [185]
• lower discocellular vein, [21]
• lower radial vein, [20], [21]
• lucia, Lycæna, [267]
• lucilius, Thanaos, [333]
• Luther's Saddest Experience, [100]
• Lycæna, genus, [258];
• acmon, [266];
• ammon, [270];
• amyntula, [268];
• annetta, [266];
• antiacis, [261];
• aquilo, [263];
• aster, [266];
• battoides, [264];
• clara, [259];
• comyntas, [268];
• couperi, [261];
• dædalus, [260];
• enoptes, [264];
• exilis, [269];
• fuliginosa, [258];
• fulla, [259];
• glaucon, [264];
• hanno, [269];
• heteronea, [359];
• icarioides, [260];
• isola, [268];
• isophthalma, [269];
• lucia, [267];
• lycea, [259];
• lygdamas, [262];
• marginata, [267];
• marina, [270];
• melissa, [265];
• mintha, [260];
• neglecta, [267];
• nigra, [267];
• pheres, [261];
• piasus, [268];
• podarce, [263];
• pseudargiolus, [4], [267];
• rustica, [263];
• sæpiolus, [260];
• sagittigera, [262];
• scudderi, [265];
• shasta, [265];
• sonorensis, [263];
• speciosa, [262];
• theonus, [270];
• violacea, [267];
• xerxes, [261]
• Lycænidæ, [66], [161], [236]
• lycaste, Ceratinia, [88]
• lycea, Lycæna, [259]
• lycidas, Achalarus, [325]
• lygdamas, Lycæna, [262]
• lyside, Kricogonia, [287]
• macaria, Argynnis, [121]
• MacDonald, George, quotation from, [201]
• macglashani, Melitæa, [140]
• machaon, Papilio, [312]
• macouni, Œneis, [221]
• maculata, Oligoria, [361]
• magdalena, Erebia, [211]
• Malachites, The, [194];
• The Pearly, [195]
• Malacopoda, [59]
• m-album, Thecla, [240]
• Malpighian vessel, [22], [23]
• manataaqua, Limochores, [357]
• mancinus, Erebia, [209]
• mandan, Pamphila, [342]
• mandibles of caterpillar, [6]
• manitoba, Erynnis, [347]
• Many-banded Dagger-wing, The, [180]
• marcellus, Papilio, [308]
• marcia, Phyciodes, [153]
• mardon, Polites, [354]
• marginata, Lycæna, [267]
• marina, Lycæna, [270]
• mariposa, Chrysophanus, [254]
• maritima, Satyrus, [215]
• marsyas, Grapta, [165]
• martialis, Thecla, [240];
• Thanaos, [335]
• massasoit, Poanes, [361]
• Maxillæ, of caterpillars, [6];
• of butterflies, [14]
• Maynard, C.J., [72], [73]
• McDonald, quotation from, [177]
• meadi, Argynnis, [119];
• Satyrus, [216];
• Colias, [290]
• Mechanitis, genus, [86];
• californica, [87];
• isthmia, [87];
• polymnia, [88]
• median area of wing, [19]
• median nervules, [21]
• median vein, [20], [21]
• Meganostoma, genus, [288];
• cæsonia, [289];
• eurydice, [288]
• Megathyminæ, subfamily, [368]
• Megathymus, genus, [367];
• yuccæ, [368]
• melane, Atrytone, [365]
• melanism, [24]
• melinus, Thecla, [242]
• melissa, Lycæna, [265]
• Melitæa, genus, [137], [161], [163];
• acastus, [143];
• alma, [147];
• anicia, [140];
• arachne, [148];
• augusta, [141];
• baroni, [141];
• beani, [140];
• bolli, [147];
• chalcedon, [139];
• chara, [146];
• colon, [140];
• dymas, [145];
• editha, [142];
• elada, [145];
• gabbi, [144];
• harrisi, [144];
• hoffmanni, [143];
• leanira, [146];
• macglashani, [140];
• minuta, [148];
• nubigena, [141];
• nympha, [148];
• palla, [143];
• perse, [146];
• phaëton, [4], [138];
• rubicunda, [142];
• taylori, [142];
• thekla, [147];
• wheeleri, [141];
• whitneyi, [143];
• wrighti, [147]
• melite, Dismorphia, [274]
• menapia, Neophasia, [275]
• mesothorax, [17], [23]
• Metabola, [60]
• metacomet, Euphyes, [360]
• Metal-marks, The, [228]
• Metal-marks, The, [230];
• Behr's, [230];
• Dury's, [230];
• Dusky, [233];
• Little, [232];
• Northern, [232];
• Palmer's, [231];
• Southern, [233]
• metathorax, [17], [23]
• metea, Erynnis, [348]
• mexicana, Terias, [296]
• micropyle, [4]
• middle discocellular vein, [21]
• milberti, Vanessa, [169]
• mildew, [54]
• Milkweed Butterfly. See Anosia
• Mime, The, [274]
• Mimic, The, [181]
• Mimicry, [24], [235]
• mintha, Lycæna, [260]
• minuta, Melitæa, [148]
• minyas, Eumæus, [237]
• misippus, Hypolimnas, [171], [181]
• "Missouri Reports," The, by C.V. Riley, [73]
• Monarch, The, [82]
• monima, Eunica, [176]
• Monkey, story about, [68];
• butterflies distasteful to, [92]
• monstrosities, [24]
• montana, Phyciodes, [156]
• monticola, Argynnis, [114]
• montinus, Brenthis, [131]
• montis, Chlorippe, [190]
• montivaga, Argynnis, [126];
• Hesperia, [327]
• monuste, Pieris, [277]
• Moore, Thomas, quotation from, [58]
• Moore, Thomas, quotation from, [58]
• Moravian Brethren, [127]
• mormo, Lemonias, [229]
• Mormon, The, [229]
• morpheus, Phyciodes, [154]
• Morris, Rev. John G., "Catalogue of the Described Lepidoptera of North America," [71]
• morrisoni, Erynnis, [347];
• Euchloë, [284];
• Pyrrhanæa, [193]
• moths, how to distinguish, from butterflies, [62]
• mould on specimens, [54]
• moulting of caterpillars, [9]
• mounting butterflies, [38];
• English method, [39];
• continental method, [39];
• on setting-boards, [40];
• on setting-blocks, [42]
• Mount Washington, N.H., [220]
• Mourning-cloak, The, [169]
• Mulberry-wing, The, [361]
• Munkittrick, quotation from, [128]
• muscles of head of butterfly, [15], [16]
• mylitta, Phyciodes, [155]
• Myriapoda, [59]
• myrina, Brenthis, [129]
• myrtis, Copæodes, [346]
• mystic, Thymelicus, [351]
• nævius, Thanaos, [336]
• nais, Lemonias, [230]
• names, family, [63];
• generic, [63];
• specific, [63];
• scientific, [66];
• popular, [68];
• use of, [67]
• Naphthaline as a preventative of infection, [53]
• Naphthaline cones, [53]
• napi, Pieris, [279]
• nastes, Colias, [293]
• Nathalis, genus, [281];
• iole, [281];
• felicia, [281]
• nausicaä, Argynnis, [108]
• Nearctic Faunal Region, [161], [163]
• neglecta, Lycæna, [267]
• negreta, Ceratinia, [88]
• nelsoni, Thecla, [245]
• nemesis, Calephelis, [233]
• Neominois, genus, [212];
• dionysius, [213];
• ridingsi, [213]
• Neonympha, genus, [201];
• eurytus, [18], [203];
• gemma, [202];
• henshawi, [202];
• mitchelli, [203];
• phocion, [202];
• rubricata, [204];
• sosybius, [204]
• Neophasia, genus, [274]
• Neotropical Faunal Region, [161], [162]
• nephele, Satyrus, [215]
• nervous system of lepidoptera, [22], [23]
• nervules, [21]
• nessus, Hesperia, [329]
• nets, [26]-[28];
• the use of, [31]
• nevadensis, Argynnis, [118]
• "News, The Entomological," [73]
• "New York Entomological Society, Journal of the," [73]
• Nicholas, Grand Duke, [338]
• nicippe, Terias, [296]
• nigra, Lycæna, [267]
• niphon, Thecla, [249]
• nitocris, Argynnis, [105]
• nitra, Papilio, [312]
• nokomis, Argynnis, [104]
• Nova Scotian, The, [222]
• nubigena, Melitæa, [141]
• number of species of butterflies in the United States, [25]
• numitor, Ancyloxypha, [345]
• nycteis, Phyciodes, [151]
• nympha, Melitæa, [148]
• Nymphalidæ, [65], [77];
• subfamilies of, [78];
• fossil, [196]
• Nymphalinæ, subfamily, [78], [93];
• eggs of, [94];
• Indo-Malayan, [161]
• Nymphs, The (see Nymphalinæ);
• Eyed, [198];
• Common Grass, [200];
• Spangled, [201]
• Oarisma, genus, [343];
• garita, [343];
• powesheik, [343]
• Oberland, Bernese, [172]
• Oberthür, M. Charles, [338]
• occidentalis, Pieris, [278]
• ochracea, Cœnonympha, [206]
• ocola, Prenes, [355]
• Œneis, genus, [218], [224];
• brucei, [223];
• calais, [221];
• chryxus, [221];
• gigas, [220];
• iduna, [220];
• ivalida, [222];
• jutta, [222];
• macouni, [221];
• semidea, [222];
• taygete, [223];
• uhleri, [222];
• varuna, [222]
• œsophagus, of butterfly, [15], [16], [23];
• of caterpillar, [22]
• œtus, Satyrus, [218]
• oleracea-hiemalis, Pieris, [279]
• Oligoria, genus, [361];
• maculata, [361]
• olympus, Satyrus, [215]
• opis, Argynnis, [124]
• Orange-tips, The, [282];
• Falcate, [284];
• Pima, [284];
• Reakirt's, [282]
• oregonia, Papilio, [314]
• Ornithoptera, genus, [162], [272];
• paradisea, [162];
• victoria, [162]
• orseis, Phyciodes, [154]
• osmateria, [9]
• ottoë, Erynnis, [348]
• outer angle of wing, [19]
• oviduct, [23]
• oweni, Argynnis, [109]
• Packard, A.S., "Guide to the Study of Insects," [74];
• "A Text-book of Entomology," [74]
• packing specimens, [55]
• pacuvius, Thanaos, [336]
• Palæarctic Faunal Region, [161]
• palamedes, Papilio, [315]
• palatka, Limochores, [358]
• palla, Melitæa, [143]
• pallida, Pieris, [297]
• palmeri, Lemonias, [231]
• palpi, of caterpillars, [6];
• of butterflies, [16], [23]
• Pamphila, genus, [342];
• mandan, [342]
• Pamphilinæ, subfamily, [339]
• pamphiloides, Cœnonympha, [207]
• pamphilus, Cœnonympha, [207]
• papering specimens, [37]
• Papilio, genus, [161], [162], [272], [306];
• abbotti, [307];
• ajax, [307];
• aliaska, [312];
• antimachus, [162];
• asterias, [6], [13], [314];
• bairdi, [313];
• brevicauda, [313];
• brucei, [313];
• calverleyi, [314];
• cresphontes, [311];
• daunus, [310];
• eurymedon, [308];
• floridensis, [307];
• glaucus, [309];
• hollandi, [314];
• indra, [312];
• machaon, [312];
• marcellus, [308];
• nitra, [312];
• oregonia, [314];
• palamedes, [315];
• philenor, [6], [12], [315];
• pilumnus, [310];
• polydamas, [316];
• rutulus, [309];
• telamonides, [308];
• thoas, [311];
• troilus, [9], [315];
• turnus, [3], [23], [309];
• walshi, [307];
• zolicaon, [312]
• "Papilio," journal devoted to entomology, [73]
• Papilionidæ, [66], [272]
• Papilioninæ, subfamily, [304];
• fossil, [196]
• paradisea, Ornithoptera, [162]
• Parnassians, The, [304]
• Parnassius, genus, [304];
• behri, [306];
• clodius, [305];
• hermodur, [306];
• smintheus, [306]
• Passiflora, [96]
• passion-flower, [92], [97], [98], [99]
• Patched Butterflies, The, [159]
• paulus, Satyrus, [217]
• Peacock Butterflies, [172]
• Peacock, The White, [174]
• Pearly-eye, The, [199]
• peckius, Polites, [353]
• pectus, [17]
• pegala, Satyrus, [215]
• pelidne, Colias, [293]
• Periodical literature of entomology, [73]
• perse, Melitæa, [146]
• persius, Thanaos, [334]
• petronius, Thanaos, [335]
• phaëton, Melitæa, [138]
• phaon, Phyciodes, [153]
• pheres, Lycæna, [261]
• philea, Catopsilia, [286]
• philenor, Papilio, [315]
• philodice, Colias, [291]
• phocion, Neonympha, [202]
• Pholisora, genus, [330];
• alpheus, [331];
• catullus, [330];
• hayhursti, [331];
• libya, [331]
• Phycanassa, genus, [362];
• aaroni, [363];
• howardi, [363];
• viator, [362]
• Phyciodes, genus, [150];
• barnesi, [155];
• batesi, [154];
• camillus, [155];
• ismeria, [152];
• marcia, [153];
• montana, [156];
• morpheus, [154];
• mylitta, [155];
• nycteis, [151];
• orseis, [154];
• phaon, [153];
• picta, [156];
• pratensis, [154];
• tharos, [153];
• vesta, [152]
• phylæus, Hylephila, [354]
• piasus, Lycæna, [268]
• picta, Phyciodes, [156]
• Pierinæ, subfamily, [272];
• fossil, [196]
• Pieris, genus, [276];
• acadica, [280];
• beckeri, [277];
• bryoniæ, [279];
• monuste, [277];
• napi, [279];
• occidentalis, [278];
• oleracea, [5], [13], [18];
• oleracea-hiemalis, [279];
• pallida, [279];
• protodice, [12], [278];
• rapæ, [280];
• sisymbri, [278];
• vernalis, [278];
• virginiensis, [279]
• pilumnus, Papilio, [310]
• pima, Euchloë, [284]
• pins, [56]
• Piperaceæ, [192]
• Plantago, [173]
• platina, Argynnis, [117]
• Plestia, genus, [322];
• dorus, [322]
• plexippus, Anosia, [82]
• Pliny, quotation from, [85]
• Poanes, genus, [361];
• massasoit, [361]
• pocahontas, Atrytone, [364]
• podarce, Lycæna, [263]
• Podostomata, [59]
• polaris, Brenthis, [133]
• Polites, genus, [353];
• mardon, [354];
• peckius, [353];
• sabuleti, [354]
• polydamas, Papilio, [316]
• polymnia, Mechanitis, [88]
• polymorphism, [23]
• pontiac, Limochores, [358]
• Pope, Alexander, quotation from, [304]
• Populus, [169]
• portia, Pyrrhanæa, [193]
• portlandia, Debis, [199]
• potato-bug, [257]
• powesheik, Oarisma, [343]
• pratensis, Phyciodes, [154]
• precostal veins of Erycininæ, [228]
• Prenes, genus, [355];
• ocola, [355]
• proboscis of butterflies, [14]-[16], [23]
• procris, Copæodes, [345]
• progne, Grapta, [166]
• prolegs, of caterpillars, [7];
• anal, [8]
• proserpina, Basilarchia, [184]
• protective mimicry, [25]
• proterpia, Terias, [295]
• proteus, Eudamus, [321]
• prothorax, [17], [23]
• protodice, Pieris, [278]
• pseudargiolus, Lycæna, [267]
• pseudodorippus, Basilarchia, [185]
• "Psyche," journal devoted to entomology, [73]
• Ptelea, [311]
• punctata, Eresia, [158]
• pupa. See Chrysalis
• Purple, The Banded, [184];
• The Red-spotted, [183]
• purpurescens, Argynnis, [114]
• pylades, Thorybes, [324]
• Pyrameis, genus, [169];
• atalanta, [170];
• cardui, [170], [171];
• caryæ, [170];
• huntera, [170];
• indica, [172]
• Pyrrhanæa, genus, [191];
• andria, [9], [192]
• morrisoni, [193];
• portia, [193]
• Pyrrhopyge, genus, [319];
• araxes, [319]
• Pyrrhopyginæ, subfamily, [319]
• Queen, The, [84]
• Queens, The Tropic, [180]
• Quercus, chrysolepis, [239]
• Question-sign, The, [164]
• Race after a Butterfly, [127]
• Ramsay, Allan, quotation from, [316]
• rapæ, Pieris, [280]
• Reakirt, [87]-[90]
• reakirti, Euchloë, [282]
• rectum, [22], [23]
• Red Rain, [299]
• Reds, The Banded, [175]
• Regions, Faunal, [161]
• relaxing specimens, [41]
• Repairing broken specimens, [55]
• Rhamnus californicus, [309]
• rhodope, Argynnis, [115]
• Rhopalocera, origin of term, [16];
• suborder of lepidoptera, [60], [62]
• Ribes, [252]
• ridingsi, Neominois, [213]
• Riley, James Whitcomb, quotation from, [276]
• Riley, Professor C.V., vii, [73], [80], [256]
• Ringlets, The, [205];
• Alaskan, [207];
• Californian, [205];
• Elko, [206];
• Hayden's, [207];
• Ochre, [206];
• Plain, [206];
• Ringless, [207];
• Utah, [207]
• Robinia pseudacacia, [323]
• Rogers, quotation from, [294]
• rosa, Euchloë, [284]
• Ross, Commander James, [224]
• Rossetti, Christina, quotation from, [294]
• rossi, Laria, [224]
• Rothschild, Hon. Walter, [338]
• rubicunda, Melitæa, [142]
• rubidus, Chrysophanus, [255]
• rubricata, Neonympha, [204]
• Ruddy Dagger-wing, The, [180]
• Rumex, [253]
• rupestris, Argynnis, [120]
• Russell, quotation from, [339]
• rustica, Lycæna, [263]
• rutulus, Papilio, [309]
• sabuleti, Polites, [354]
• Sachem, The, [352]
• sæpiolus, Lycæna, [260]
• sæpium, Thecla, [244]
• sagittigera, Lycæna, [262]
• samoset, Amblyscirtes, [340]
• sara, Euchloë, [282]
• sassacus, Erynnis, [348]
• sassafras, [315]
• Satyr, The, [165]
• Satyrinæ, subfamily, [78], [197];
• fossil, [196]
• Satyrs, The: Baron's, [216];
• Boisduval's, [218];
• Carolinian, [204];
• Gabb's, [216];
• Georgian, [202];
• Little Wood-, [203];
• Mead's, [216];
• Mitchell's, [203];
• Red, [204];
• Ridings', [213];
• Scudder's, [213]
• Satyrodes, genus, [200];
• canthus, [200]
• Satyrus, genus, [214];
• alope, [215];
• ariane, [216];
• baroni, [216];
• boöpis, [216];
• charon, [217];
• gabbi, [216];
• maritima, [215];
• meadi, [216];
• nephele, [215];
• œtus, [218];
• olympus, [215];
• paulus, [217];
• pegala, [215];
• sthenele, [218];
• texana, [215]
• satyrus, Grapta, [165]
• sauer-kraut, [257]
• Saxifraga, [306]
• scales of wings, [18];
• how to remove, [19];
• arrangement on wing, [20]
• scale-insects, injurious to orange-trees, [256]
• Schaus, William, [160]
• scriptura, Hesperia, [328]
• Scudder, Dr. S.H., author of "The Butterflies of New England," vi, vii. 72, [73]
• Scudderi, Lycæna, [265];
• Colias, [293]
• Sedum, [306]
• segments constituting external skeleton of caterpillar, [6]
• semidea, Œneis, [222]
• semiramis, Argynnis, [121]
• setting-blocks, [39]
• setting-boards, [39]
• setting-needles, [40]
• sex, [64]
• sex-signs, [64]
• Shakespeare, quotations from, [91], [205], [218], [273]
• shasta, Lycæna, [265]
• shellac, [55]
• Shelley, quotation from, [26]
• "Shingling" butterflies when packing for shipment, [55]
• Sigourney, Mrs., quotation from, [57]
• silenus, Grapta, [166]
• Silver-spot, Arizona, [108];
• Bremner's, [113];
• Columbian, [111];
• Mead's, [119];
• Mountain, [108];
• New Mexican, [107];
• Nevada, [118];
• Northwestern, [109];
• Owen's, [119]
• simæthis, Thecla, [246]
• simius, Amblyscirtes, [341]
• sirius, Chrysophanus, [255]
• Sisters, The, [187];
• Californian, [187]
• sisymbri, Pieris, [278]
• Sisymbrium, [284]
• siva, Thecla, [246]
• size, [271]
• Skinner, Dr. Henry, [325], [363]
• Skippers, The, [318];
• Aaron's, [363];
• Arctic, [342];
• Brazilian, [356];
• Broad-winged, [362];
• Bronze, [341];
• Canadian, [347];
• Carolina, [367];
• Checkered, [327];
• Cobweb, [348];
• Cross-line, [357];
• Delaware, [365];
• Dun, [360];
• Dusted, [366];
• Erichson's, [327];
• Fiery, [354];
• Golden-banded, [326];
• Grizzled, [327];
• Hayhurst's, [331];
• Hobomok, [364];
• Howard's, [363];
• Indian, [348];
• Iowa, [364];
• Leonard's, [349];
• Long-tailed, [321];
• Morrison's, [347];
• Ocola, [355];
• Oregon, [354];
• Palatka, [358];
• Peck's, [353];
• Pepper-and-salt, [340];
• Roadside, [340];
• Sand-hill, [354];
• Short-tailed, [322];
• Silver-spotted, [323];
• Skinner's, [359];
• Small-checkered, [328];
• Snow's, [350];
• Tawny-edged, [357];
• Two-banded, [328];
• Umber, [365];
• Volcanic, [351];
• Woodland, [340];
• Wovenwinged, [341];
• Wright's, [346];
• Xanthus, [328]
• Slosson, Mrs. Annie Trumbull, quotation from, [233]
• Small Sulphurs, [294];
• Gundlach's, [295]
• smintheus, Parnassius, [306]
• Smith, Herbert H., [338]
• Smith, Sir James Edward, [70]
• Smith and Abbot, "The Natural History of the Rarer Lepidopterous Insects of Georgia," [70]
• Snout-butterflies, [226], [227];
• Southern, [227]
• Snow, Chancellor F.H., [255]
• snowi, Chrysophanus, [255];
• Erynnis, [350]
• snyderi, Argynnis, [118]
• sofia, Erebia, [210]
• somnus, Thanaos, [333]
• sonorensis, Lycæna, [263]
• Sooty-wing, The, [330];
• Mohave, [331]
• sosybius, Neonympha, [204]
• species, definition of, [62]
• speciosa, Lycæna, [262]
• Spenser, Edmund, Quotation from, [226]
• spermatheca, [23]
• spicewood, [315]
• spinetorum, Thecla, [245]
• spinneret, [6], [22]
• spinning-vessel, [22]
• Staudinger, Dr. Otto, [338]
• stella, Euchloë, [283]
• steneles, Victorina, [195]
• sthenele, Satyrus, [218]
• stomach, [22], [23]
• Strecker, Herman, [72]
• strigosa, Anosia, [84]
• subcostal nervules, [21]
• subcostal vein, [20], [21]
• subcostal vein, [20], [21]
• subfamily names, [63]
• submedian vein, [20], [21]
• subœsophageal ganglion, [22], [23]
• "sugaring," [32]
• Sulphurs, The, [272], [289];
• Alexandra, [292];
• Arctic, [293];
• Behr's, [294];
• Cloudless, [286];
• Common, [291];
• Gold-and-black, [291];
• Great, [285];
• Labrador, [293];
• Large Orange, [287];
• Little, [297];
• Mead's, [290];
• Pink-edged, [292];
• Red-barred, [286];
• Scudder's, [293];
• Strecker's, [290]
• Superstitions, [90]
• Suspicious Conduct, [136]
• Swallowtails, The, [272], [306];
• Alaskan, [312];
• Common Eastern, [314];
• Giant, [311];
• Newfoundland, [313];
• Pipe-vine, [315];
• Spice-bush, [315];
• Tiger, [309]
• Swinburne, quotation from, [272]
• sylvanoides, Erynnis, [349]
• Synchloë, genus, [159];
• crocale, [160];
• janais, [159];
• lacinia, [159]
• Systasea, genus, [329];
• zampa, [329]
• Tachyris, genus, [275];
• ilaire, [276]
• tacita, Thecla, [Plate XXIX], Fig. 30
• tarquinius, Feniseca, [251]
• tarsi, [17], [18]
• tatila, Eunica, [176]
• taumas, Limochores, [357]
• taxiles, Atrytone, [365]
• taygete, Œneis, [223]
• taylori, Melitæa, [142]
• tegulæ, [17]
• telamonides, Papilio, [308]
• Tennyson, quotation from, [213]
• Terias, genus, [294];
• damaris, [296];
• delia, [298];
• elathea, [298];
• flava, [296];
• gundlachia, [295];
• jucunda, [298];
• lisa, [297];
• mexicana, [296];
• nicippe, [296];
• proterpia, [295];
• westwoodi, [297]
• terissa, Kricogonia, [287]
• testis, [22]
• texana, Eresia, [158];
• Satyrus, [215]
• textor, Amblyscirtes, [341]
• Thanaos, genus, [332];
• afranius, [334];
• brizo, [332];
• clitus, [336];
• funeralis, [336];
• horatius, [336];
• icelus, [333];
• juvenalis, [335];
• lucilius, [333];
• martialis 335;
• nævius, [336];
• pacuvius, [336];
• persius, [334];
• petronius, [335];
• somnus, [333]
• tharos, Phyciodes, [153]
• Thecla, genus, [237];
• acadica, [242];
• acis, [240], [246];
• adenostomatis, [245];
• affinis, [249];
• alcestis, [241];
• arsace, [248];
• augustus, [247];
• autolycus, [241];
• behri, [247];
• blenina, [245];
• calanus, [243];
• cecrops, [246];
• chalcis, [244];
• citima, [239];
• clytie, [247];
• crysalus, [239];
• damon, [246];
• discoidalis, [246];
• dumetorum, [249];
• edwardsi, [243];
• eryphon, [248];
• favonius, [240];
• grunus, [238];
• halesus, [239];
• henrici, [248];
• humuli, [242];
• ines, [247];
• irus, [248];
• itys, [243];
• læta, [249];
• liparops, [244];
• m-album, [240];
• martialis, [240];
• melinus, [242];
• nelsoni, [245];
• niphon, [249];
• sæpium, [244];
• simætnis, [246];
• siva, [246];
• spinetorum, [245];
• tacita, [Plate XXIX], Fig. 30;
• titus, [250];
• wittfeldi, [241]
• thekla, Melitæa, [147]
• theonus, Lycæna, [270]
• Thibet, [172]
• thoas, Papilio, [311]
• thoë, Chrysophanus, [253]
• thorax, [7], [14], [17], [22], [23]
• Thoreau, Quotation from, [93]
• Thorybes, genus, [324];
• æmilia, [325];
• bathyllus, [325];
• epigena, [325];
• pylades, [324]
• Thymelicus, genus, [350];
• ætna, [351];
• brettus, [351];
• mystic, [351]
• tibia, [17], [18]
• tiger, [63]
• Timetes, genus, [179];
• chiron, [180];
• coresia, [180];
• petreus, [180]
• tip for inflating tube, [46]
• titus, Thecla, [250]
• tityrus, Epargyreus, [323]
• Tokyo, [149]
• Tongue. See Proboscis
• Tortoise, The Compton, [168]
• Tortoise-shells, The, [167];
• the California, [168];
• Milbert's, [169]
• tracheæ, [15], [22]
• "Transactions of the American Entomological Society," [73]
• transformations, egg to caterpillar, [5];
• caterpillar to chrysalis, [11];
• chrysalis to butterfly, [13]
• triclaris, Brenthis, [130]
• tritonia, Geirocheilus, [211]
• trochanter, [17], [18]
• troilus, Papilio, [315]
• tulcis, Eresia, [158]
• turnus, Papilio, [309]
• Turritis, [285]
• Twin-spot, The, [361]
• tyndarus, Erebia, [210]
• types of butterflies named by W.H. Edwards, vi;
• used in preparation of this book, vii
• typhon, Cœnonympha, [206]
• uhleri, Œneis, [222]
• Umbelliferæ, [312], [313], [314]
• umbrosa, Grapta, [164]
• uncas, Erynnis, [349]
• Uncle Jotham's Boarder, [233]
• United States Department of Agriculture, [49], [73]
• United States National Museum, [73]
• upper discocellular vein, [21]
• upper radial vein, [20], [21]
• Urtica, [164], [169]
• urtica, Vanessa, [169]
• Urticaceæ, [164], [165]
• Utility of Entomology, The, [256]
• Vanessa, genus, [167];
• antiopa, [5], [7], [94], [169];
• californica, [168];
• j-album, [168];
• milberti, [169];
• urticæ, [169];
• vau-album, [168];
• xanthomelas, [168]
• vanillæ, Dione, [97]
• varieties, [64];
• insular, [64]
• varuna, Œneis, [222]
• vau-album, Vanessa, [168]
• veins of wings, [20], [21]
• verna, Euphyes, [360]
• vernalis, Pieris, [278]
• Vertex, definition of, [14]
• vesta, Phyciodes, [152]
• vialis, Amblyscirtes, [340]
• viator, Phycanassa, [362]
• viator, Phycanassa, [362]
• Viceroy, The, [185]
• victoria, Ornithoptera, [163]
• Victorina, genus, [194];
• steneles, [195]
• violacea, Lycæna, [267]
• violets, [98], [102]
• Violet-wings, The, [175];
• The Dingy, [176]
• virginiensis, Chrysophanus, [252];
• Pieris, [279]
• virgulti, Lemonias, [230]
• vitellius, Atrytone, [364]
• Wallace, Alfred Russel, [92], [338]
• walshi, Papilio, [307]
• Walsingham, Lord, [338]
• weidemeyeri, Basilarchia, [185]
• westwoodi, Terias, [297]
• wheeleri, Melitæa, [141]
• Whirlabout, The,351
• White Admirals, The, [182]
• White Peacock, The, [174]
• Whites, The, [272];
• Becker's, [277];
• Cabbage, [280];
• California, [278];
• Common, [278];
• Florida, [276];
• Great Southern, [277];
• Mustard, [279];
• Pine, [275];
• Western, [278]
• whitneyi, Melitæa, [143]
• Wilcox, Ella Wheeler, quotation from, [186]
• wings of butterflies, [18], [21]
• winter quarters of Basilarchia, [183]
• Wistaria, [322]
• wittfeldi, Thecla, [241]
• Wood-nymphs, The, [214];
• Clouded, [215];
• Common, [215];
• Dark, [217];
• Least, [218];
• Small, [217];
• Southern, [215]
• wrighti, Melitæa, [147];
• Copæodes, [346]
• writers, early, upon butterflies of North America, [69];
• later, [71]
• xanthoides, Chrysophanus, [253]
• xanthomelas, Vanessa, [168]
• xanthus, Hesperia, [328]
• xerxes, Lycæna, [261]
• "Yale Literary Magazine," [100]
• yehl, Limochores, [359]
• Yellow, The Dwarf, [281];
• The Fairy, [298]
• The Mexican, [296];
• Westwood's, [297]
• yuccæ, Megathymus, [368]
• zabulon, Atrytone, [364]
• zampa, Systasea, [329]
• Zebra, The. See Charitonius
• zela, Lemonias, [231]
• zephyrus, Grapta, [166]
• zerene, Argynnis, [113]
• zolicaon, Papilio, [312]

---

Explanation of Color Plates

Explanation of [Plate II.]

Reproduced, with the kind permission of Dr. S.H. Scudder, from "The Butterflies of New England," vol. iii, Plate 76.

Caterpillars of Papilionidæ and Hesperiidæ

1. Colias eurytheme.	20. Papilio philenor.
2. Callidryas eubule.	21. Papilio philenor. In third stage;
3. Terias lisa.	dorsal view.
4. Callidryas eubule.	22. Papilio troilus. In third stage;
5. Euchloë genutia.	dorsal view.
6. Terias nicippe.	23. Achalarus lycidas. Dorsal view.
7. Pieris protodice.	24. Papilio asterias. In fourth stage;
8. Pieris napi, var. oleracea.	dorsal view.
9. Pieris napi, var. oleracea.	25. Thorybes pylades.
10. Colias philodice.	26. Papilio turnus. Dorsal view.
11. Pieris rapæ.	27. Papilio asterias.
12. Pieris rapæ.	28. Papilio turnus.
13. Papilio philenor.	29. Thorybes pylades.
14. Papilio ajax.	30. Epargyreus tityrus.
15. Papilio turnus. Just before pupation.	31. Epargyreus tityrus.
16. Papilio cresphontes.	32. Thorybes bathyllus.
17. Papilio asterias. In second stage.	33. Epargyreus tityrus.
18. Papilio troilus.	34. Eudamus proteus.
19. Papilio troilus. In third stage; plain.	35. Epargyreus tityrus. In third stage.

Explanation of [Plate III]

Reproduced, with the kind permission of Dr. S.H. Scudder, from "The Butterflies of New England," vol. iii, Plate 74.

Caterpillars of Nymphalidæ

1. Œneis semidea. Penultimate stage.	20. Chlorippe clyton.
2. Œneis semidea.	21. Basilarchia astyanax.
3. Neonympha eurytus.	22. Basilarchia disippus. Plain outline
4. Œneis semidea.	to show the attitude sometimes assumed.
5. Anosia plexippus.	23. Grapta interrogationis.
6. Neonympha eurytus.	24. Basilarchia disippus.
7. Œneis semidea. Just hatched.	25. Basilarchia astyanax. Plain.
8. Neonympha phocion.	26. Basilarchia arthemis.
9. Satyrodes canthus.	27. Grapta interrogationis.
10. Neonympha eurytus.	28. Vanessa antiopa.
11. Œneis jutta. Just hatched.	29. Junonia cœnia.
12. Neonympha phocion.	30. Junonia cœnia.
13. Neonympha eurytus. Penultimate	31. Grapta progne.
stage.	32. Grapta faunus.
14. Neonympha eurytus. Plain and enlarged.	33. Grapta satyrus.
15. Œneis semidea.	34. Pyrameis huntera.
16. Debis portlandia.	35. Pyrameis atalanta.
17. Basilarchia astyanax.	36. Vanessa milberti.
18. Satyrus alope.	37. Pyrameis cardui.
19. Basilarchia disippus.	38. Grapta comma.

Explanation of [Plate IV]

Reproduced, with the kind permission of Dr. S.H. Scudder, from "The Butterflies of New England," vol. iii, Plate 83.

Chrysalids in Color and in Outline—Nymphalidæ

1. Anosia plexippus. Side view.	33. Grapta faunus. Side view.
2. Anosia plexippus. In outline.	34. Grapta faunus. Side view in outline.
3. Anosia plexippus. Dorsal view.	35. Grapta faunus. Ventral view in
4. Œneis semidea.	outline.
5. Œneis semidea. Dorsal view.	36. Vanessa j-album. Outline of mesothoracic
6. Debis portlandia.	tubercle from the side.
7. Satyrus nephele.	37. Grapta progne. Side view.
8. Satyrus nephele. Dorsal view.	38. Grapta progne. Side view.
9. Satyrodes canthus. Side view.	39. Grapta comma. Side view.
10. Neonympha phocion. Side view.	40. Grapta interrogationis. Side view.
11. Neonympha phocion. Side view.	41. Grapta satyrus. Side view.
12. Basilarchia astyanax. Side view.	42. Grapta satyrus. Ventral view.
13. Basilarchia astyanax. Side view.	43. Vanessa milberti. Side view.
14. Basilarchia arthemis. Side view.	44. Vanessa j-album. Side view.
15. Chlorippe clyton. Side view.	45. Vanessa j-album. Ventral view.
16. Chlorippe clyton. Side view.	46. Grapta comma. Side view.
17. Chlorippe clyton. Dorsal view.	47. Grapta comma. Side view.
18. Basilarchia disippus. Ventral view.	48. Grapta comma. Dorsal view.
19. Basilarchia disippus. Side view.	49. Vanessa milberti. Side view.
20. Basilarchia disippus. Side view.	50. Vanessa milberti. Dorsal view.
21. Grapta interrogationis. Dorsal view.	51. Vanessa antiopa. Side view.
22. Grapta interrogationis. Side view.	52. Pyrameis atalanta. Side view.
23. Basilarchia arthemis. Dorsal view.	53. Pyrameis atalanta. Dorsal view.
24. Grapta interrogationis. Outline of	54. Pyrameis huntera. Side view.
mesothoracic tubercle from the side.	55. Pyrameis atalanta. Side view.
25. Grapta interrogationis.	56. Junonia cœnia. Side view.
26. Grapta interrogationis. Outline of	57. Junonia cœnia. Dorsal view.
head from in front.	58. Vanessa antiopa. Side view.
27. Grapta comma. Outline of head	59. Vanessa antiopa. Dorsal view.
from in front; enlarged.	60. Pyrameis cardui. Side view.
28. Neonympha eurytus. Side view.	61. Pyrameis cardui. Side view.
29. Grapta comma. Outline of mesothoracic	62. Pyrameis cardui. Dorsal view.
tubercle from the side.	63. Pyrameis huntera. Dorsal view.
30. Grapta comma. The same from	64. Pyrameis huntera. Side view, with
another specimen.	nest woven before pupation.
31. Grapta faunus. Outline of head	65. Junonia cœnia. Side view.
from in front.	66. Junonia cœnia. Side view.
32. Grapta progne. Outline of head	67. Junonia cœnia. Side view.
from in front.

Explanation of [Plate V]

Reproduced, with the kind permission of Dr. S.H. Scudder, from "The Butterflies of New England," vol. iii, Plate 84.

Chrysalids in Color and in Outline—Nymphalidæ, Lycænidæ, Pierinæ

1. Argynnis cybele. Side view.	40. Thecla niphon. Side view. Copied
2. Argynnis cybele. Dorsal view	from Abbot's drawing in Dr. Boisduval's
3. Argynnis cybele. Side view.	library.
4. Argynnis idalia. Side view.	41. Lycæna scudderi. Side view, enlarged.
5. Argynnis aphrodite. Side view.	42. Lycæna comyntas. Side view. Copied
6. Argynnis atlantis. Side view.	from Abbot's drawing in Dr. Boisduval's
7. Melitæa phaëton. Side view.	library.
8. Euptoieta claudia. Side view.	43. Lycæna pseudargiolus. Side view,
9. Euptoieta claudia. Side view.	enlarged. Copied from Abbot's
10. Brenthis bellona. Side view.	drawing in Dr. Boisduval's library.
11. Brenthis bellona. Side view.	44. Lycœna pseudargiolus. Side view.
12. Brenthis myrina. Side view.	45. Feniseca tarquinius. Side view.
13. Brenthis myrina. Side view.	46. Feniseca tarquinius. Side view.
14. Brenthis myrina. Dorsal view	Copied from Abbot's drawing in
15. Melitæa phaëton. Side view.	the British Museum.
16. Melitæa phaëton. Dorsal view.	47. Lycæna comyntas. Side view, enlarged.
17. Melitæa barrisi. Side view.	48. Lycæna comyntas. Side view.
18. Melitæa barrisi. Dorsal view.	49. Chrysophanus bypophlæas. Side view.
19. Phyciodes nycteis. Side view.	50. Chrysophanus thoë. Side view.
20. Phyciodes tharos. Dorsal view.	51. Terias nicippe. Side view.
21. Phyciodes tharos. Side view.	52. Terias nicippe. Dorsal view.
22. Phyciodes tharos. Side view.	53. Colias eurytheme. Side view.
23. Libythea bachmani. Side view.	54. Colias philodice. Dorsal view.
24. Libythea bachmani. Side view.	55. Colias philodice. Side view.
25. Thecla calanus. Side view.	56. Terias lisa. Side view.
26. Thecla irus. Side view, enlarged.	57. Pieris napi, var. oleracea. Side view.
27. Thecla calanus. Side view.	58. Pieris rapæ. Side view.
28. Thecla liparops. Side view.	59. Euchloë genutia. Side view.
29. Thecla edwardsi. Side view.	60. Callidryas eubule. Side view
30. Thecla damon. Side view.	61. Callidryas eubule. Side view.
31. Thecla damon. Side view, enlarged.	62. Callidryas eubule. Dorsal view.
32. Thecla irus. Dorsal view.	63. Pieris napi, var. oleracea. Side view.
33. Thecla irus. Side view.	64. Pieris rapæ, var. oleracea. Dorsal view.
34. Thecla irus. Side view.	65. Pieris rapæ. Dorsal view.
35. Thecla acadica. Side view.	66. Pieris protodice. Dorsal view.
36. Lycæna pseudargiolus. Side view.	67. Pieris protodice. Side view.
37. Thecla titus. Side view.
38. Thecla niphon. Side view.
39. Thecla melinus. Side view.
Copied from Abbot's drawing
in the British Museum.

Explanation of [Plate VI]

Reproduced with the kind permission of Dr. S.H. Scudder, from "The Butterflies of New England," vol. iii, Plate 85.

Chrysalids in Color and in Outline—Papilioninæ and Hesperiidæ

1. Papilio turnus.	30. Thanaos lucilius.
2. Papilio turnus. Dorsal view.	31. Thanaos lucilius. Dorsal view.
3. Papilio turnus.	32. Thanaos lucilius.
4. Papilio turnus.	33. Thanaos juvenalis.
5. Papilio troilus. Dorsal view.	34. Thanaos persius.
6. Papilio troilus.	35. Hesperia montivaga. From the original
7. Papilio troilus.	by Abbot in the British Museum.
8. Papilio cresphontes.	36. Pholisora catullus.
9. Papilio cresphontes. Dorsal view.	37. Thanaos martialis. From the original
10. Papilio cresphontes.	by Abbot in the British Museum.
11. Papilio ajax.	38. Thanaos brizo. From the original
12. Papilio ajax. Dorsal view.	by Abbot in Dr. Boisduval's library.
13. Papilio asterias.	39. Hylephila phylœus. From the original
14. Papilio philenor. Dorsal view.	by Abbot in Dr. Boisduval's library.
15. Papilio philenor. Dorsal view.	40. Amblyscirtes vialis.
16. Papilio philenor.	41. Pholisora catullus.
17. Papilio philenor.	42. Thymelicus œtna. From the original
18. Papilio asterias. Dorsal view.	by Abbot in Dr. Boisduval's library.
19. Papilio asterias.	43. Atalopedes huron.
20. Papilio philenor.	44. Limochores taumas.
21. Achalarus lycidas.	45. Amblyscirtes samoset. After the original
22. Epargyreus tityrus.	by Abbot in the British Museum.
23. Eudamus proteus. From the original	46. Lerema accius. After the original by
by Abbot in the British Museum.	Abbot in Boston Society of Natural History.
24. Thorybes bathyllus. From the original	47. Atalopedes huron.
by Abbot in the British Museum.	48. Calpodes ethlius.
25. Epargyreus tityrus.
26. Epargyreus tityrus.
27. Thanaos icelus.
28. Thorybes pylades.
29. Pholisora catullus. From the original
by Abbot in the British Museum.

Explanation of [Plate VII]

Anosia and Basilarchia

1. Anosia plexippus, Linnæus, ♂.	3. Anosia berenice, var. strigosa, Bates, ♂.
2. Anosia berenice, Cramer, ♂.	4. Basilarchia disippus, Godart, ♂.
5. Basilarchia hulsti, Edwards, ♂.

Explanation of [Plate VIII]

1. Dircenna klugi, Hübner, ♂.	5. Heliconius charitonius, Linnæus, ♂.
2. Mechanitis californica, Reakirt, ♂.	6. Colœnis julia, Fabricius, ♂.
3. Ceratinia lycaste, Fabricius, ♂.	7. Dione vanillæ, Linnæus, ♂.
4. Colœnis delila, Fabricius, ♂.	8. Euptoieta hegesia, Cramer, ♂.
9. Euptoieta claudia, Cramer, ♂.

Explanation of [Plate IX]

1. Argynnis diana, Cramer, ♂.	4. Argynnis cybele, Fabricius, ♁.
2. Argynnis diana, Cramer, ♁.	5. Argynnis leto, Behr, ♂.
3. Argynnis cybele, Fabricius, ♂.	6. Argynnis leto, Behr, ♁.

Explanation of [Plate X]

1. Argynnis nokomis, Edwards, ♂.	5. Argynnis montivaga, Behr, ♂, under side.
2. Argynnis nokomis, Edwards, ♁.	6. Argynnis alcestis, Edwards, ♂, under side.
3. Argynnis idalia, Drury, ♁.	7. Argynnis bremneri, Edwards, ♂.
4. Argynnis nevadensis, Edwards, ♂, under side.	8. Argynnis electa, Edwards, ♂.
	9. Argynnis atlantis, Edwards, ♂.

Explanation of [Plate XI]

1. Argynnis callippe, Boisduval, ♂.	6. Argynnis rhodope, Edwards, ♁, under side.
2. Argynnis callippe, Boisduval, ♁.	7. Argynnis bischoffi, Edwards, ♂.
3. Argynnis callippe, Boisduval, ♂, under side.	8. Argynnis cornelia, Edwards, ♂.
4. Argynnis edwardsi, Reakirt, ♂.	9. Argynnis nausicaä, Edwards, ♂.
5. Argynnis edwardsi, Reakirt, ♁.	10. Argynnis coronis, Behr, ♂.
11. Argynnis coronis, Behr, ♁.

Explanation of [Plate XII]

1. Argynnis hesperis, Edwards, ♂.	8. Argynnis rupestris, Behr, ♂.
2. Argynnis hesperis, Edwards, ♁.	9. Argynnis rupestris, Behr, ♂, under
3. Argynnis cypris, Edwards, ♂.	side.
4. Argynnis cypris, Edwards, ♁.	10. Argynnis hippolyta, Edwards, ♂.
5. Argynnis oweni, Edwards, ♂.	11. Argynnis laura, Edwards, ♂.
6. Argynnis oweni, Edwards, ♂, under side.	12. Argynnis laura, Edwards, ♁.
7. Argynnis eurynome, Edwards, ♂.	13. Argynnis artonis, Edwards, ♂,
	under side.

Explanation of [Plate XIII]

1. Argynnis cybele, Fabricius, ♁,	8. Argynnis monticola, Behr, ♂.
under side.	9. Argynnis macaria, Edwards, ♂.
2. Argynnis semiramis, Edwards, ♂.	10. Argynnis inornata, Edwards, ♁,
3. Argynnis semiramis, Edwards, ♁.	under side.
4. Argynnis nitocris, Edwards, ♂,	11. Argynnis liliana, Henry Edwards,
under side.	♂.
5. Argynnis halcyone, Edwards, ♂.	12. Argynnis atossa, Edwards, ♂.
6. Argynnis halcyone, Edwards, ♁,	13. Argynnis egleis, Boisduval, ♂.
under side.	14. Argynnis egleis, Boisduval, ♂,
7. Argynnis monticola, Behr, ♂,	under side.
under side.	15. Argynnis egleis, Boisduval, ♁.

Explanation of [Plate XIV]

1. Argynnis meadi, Edwards, ♂.	9. Argynnis zerene, Boisduval, ♂,
2. Argynnis meadi, Edwards, ♂,	under side.
under side.	10. Argynnis behrensi, Edwards, ♂.
3. Argynnis Columbia, Henry	11. Argynnis aphrodite,, Fabricius, ♁,
Edwards, ♂.	under side.
4. Argynnis adiante, Boisduval, ♁.	12. Argynnis lais, Edwards, ♂.
5. Argynnis clio, Edwards, ♂.	13. Argynnis lais, Edwards, ♁.
6. Argynnis clio, Edwards, ♁.	14. Argynnis eurynome, Edwards, ♁.
7. Argynnis clio, Edwards, ♂,	15. Argynnis eurynome, Edwards, ♂,
under side.	under side.
8. Argynnis opis, Edwards, ♂,	16. Argynnis chitone, Edwards, ♁.
under side.	17. Argynnis monticola, Behr, ♁.

Explanation of [Plate XV]

1. Brenthis myrina, Cramer, ♂.	10. Brenthis freija, Thunberg, ♁,
2. Brenthis myrina, Cramer, ♁,	under side.
under side.	11. Brenthis polaris, Boisduval, ♂.
3. Brenthis triclaris, Hübner, ♂.	12. Brenthis polaris, Boisduval, ♂,
4. Brenthis chariclea, Schneider, ♂.	under side.
5. Brenthis boisduvali, Duponchel, ♂.	13. Brenthis frigga, Thunberg, ♂.
6. Brenthis boisduvali, Duponchel, ♁,	14. Brenthis frigga, Thunberg, ♁,
under side.	under side.
7. Brenthis montinus, Scudder, ♂.	15. Brenthis alberta,, Edwards, ♂.
8. Brenthis montinus, Scudder, ♁,	16. Brenthis bellona, Fabricius, ♂.
under side.	17. Brenthis epithore, Boisduval, ♂.
9. Brenthis freija, Thunberg, ♂.	18. Brenthis epithore, Boisduval, ♂,
	under side.

Explanation of [Plate XVI]

1. Melitæa phaëton, Drury, ♂.	11. Melitæa acastus, Edwards, ♂.
2. Melitæa chalcedon, Doubleday and	12. Melitæa acastus, Edwards, ♂,
Hewitson, ♂.	under side.
3. Melitæa macglashani, Rivers, ♂.	13. Melitæa palla, Boisduval, ♂.
4. Melitæa augusta, Edwards, ♂.	14. Melitæa palla, Boisduval, ♂,
5. Melitæa colon, Edwards, ♂.	under side.
6. Melitæa nubigena, Behr, ♂.	15. Melitæa gabbi, Behr, ♂.
7. Melitæa baroni, Henry Edwards, ♂.	16. Melitæa taylori, Edwards, ♂.
8. Melitæa editha,, Boisduval, ♂.	17. Melitæa fulvia, Edwards, ♂.
9. Melitæa nubigena, var, wheeleri,	18. Melitæa dymas, Edwards, ♂.
Henry Edwards, ♂.	19. Melitæa perse, Edwards, ♂.
10. Melitæa rubicunda, Henry	20. Melitæa leanira, Boisduval, ♂.
Edwards, ♂.	21. Melitæa nympha, Edwards, ♂.
22. Melitæa arachne, Edwards, ♁.

Explanation of [Plate XVII]

1. Melitæa alma, Strecker, ♂.	23. Phyciodes phaon, Edwards, ♁,
2. Melitæa elada, Hewitson, ♂.	under side.
3. Melitæa chara, Edwards, ♂.	24. Phyciodes ismeria, Boisduval and
4. Melitæa chara, Edwards, ♂,	Leconte, ♂.
under side.	25. Phyciodes ismeria, Boisduval and
5. Melitæa harrisi, Scudder, ♂.	Leconte, ♂, under side.
6. Melitæa harrisi, Scudder, ♁,	26. Phyciodes montana, Behr, ♁,
under side.	under side.
7. Melitæa whitneyi, Behr, ♂.	27. Phyciodes montana, Behr, ♂.
8. Melitæa whitneyi, Behr, ♂,	28. Phyciodes nycteis, Doubleday and
under side.	Hewitson, ♂, under side.
9. Melitæa wrighti, Edwards, ♂.	29. Phyciodes nycteis, Doubleday and
10. Melitæa wrighti, Edwards, ♁,	Hewitson, ♂.
under side.	30. Phyciodes nycteis, Doubleday and
11. Melitæa minuta, Edwards, ♂,	Hewitson, ♁.
under side.	31. Phyciodes orseis, Edwards, ♂.
12. Melitæa minuta, Edwards, ♂.	32. Phyciodes camillus, Edwards, ♂.
13. Melitæa hoffmanni, Behr, ♂.	33. Phyciodes camillus, Edwards, ♁.
14. Melitæa hoffmanni, Behr, ♁,	34. Phyciodes camillus, Edwards, ♂,
aberration.	under side.
15. Melitæa thekla, Edwards, ♂	35. Phyciodes batesi, Reakirt, ♂.
under side.	36. Phyciodes batesi, Reakirt, ♂,
16. Melitæa thekla, Edwards, ♂.	under side.
17. Phyciodes vesta, Edwards, ♂.	37. Phyciodes pratensis, Behr, ♂.
18. Phyciodes vesta, Edwards, ♁.	38. Phyciodes pratensis, Behr, ♂,
19. Phyciodes vesta, Edwards, ♁,	under side.
under side.	39. Eresia punctata, Edwards, ♂.
20. Phyciodes picta, Edwards, ♁,	40. Phyciodes mylitta, Edwards, ♂,
under side.	under side.
21. Phyciodes picta, Edwards, ♂.	41. Phyciodes mylitta, Edwards, ♂.
22. Phyciodes phaon, Edwards, ♂.	42. Eresia frisia, Poey, ♂.

Explanation of [Plate XVIII]

1. Phyciodes tharos, Drury, ♂.	12. Eresia ianthe, Fabricius, ♂.
2. Phyciodes tharos, Drury, ♁.	13. Melitæa anicia, var. beani,
3. Phyciodes tharos, var. marcia,	Skinner, ♂.
Edwards, ♂.	14. Brenthis astarte,
4. Phyciodes tharos, var. marcia,	Doubleday and Hewitson, ♂.
Edwards, ♁.	15. Brenthis astarte,
5. Phyciodes barnesi, Skinner, ♂.	Doubleday and Hewitson, ♂, under side.
6. Argynnis snyderi, Skinner, ♂.	16. Brenthis helena, Edwards, ♂,
7. Argynnis platina, Skinner, ♂.	under side.
8. Eresia texana, Edwards, ♁.	17. Brenthis helena, Edwards, ♂.
9. Eresia texana, Edwards, ♂,	18. Debis creola, Skinner, ♂.
under side.	19. Debis creola, Skinner, ♁.
10. Synchloë janais, Drury, ♂.	20. Debis portlandia, Fabricius, ♂.
11. Synchloë lacinia, Hubner, ♂.	21. Geirocheilus tritonia, Edwards, ♂.

Explanation of [Plate XIX]

1. Grapta interrogationis, Fabricius,	9. Vanessa j-album, Boisduval and
var. fabricii, Edwards, ♂.	Leconte, ♀.
2. Grapta interrogations, Fabricius,	10. Grapta gracilis, Grote and
var. umbrosa, Lintner, ♀.	Robinson, ♂.
3. Grapta comma, Harris, var. dryas,	11. Grapta gracilis, Grote and Robinson,
Edwards, ♂.	♀, under side.
4. Grapta comma, Harris, var. harrisi,	12. Grapta faunus, Edwards, ♂.
Edwards, ♂.	13. Grapta faunus, Edwards, ♂,
5. Grapta silenas, Edwards, ♂.	under side.
6. Grapta silenus, Edwards, ♂,	14. Grapta satyrus, Edwards, var.
under side.	marsyas, Edwards, ♂.
7. Grapta hylas, Edwards, ♂.	15. Grapta satyrus, Edwards, var.
8. Grapta hylas, Edwards, ♂,	marsyas, Edwards, ♂, under side.
under side.

Explanation of [Plate XX]

1. Grapta satyrus, Edwards, ♁.	7. Junonia cœnia, Hübner, ♁.
2. Grapta satyrus, Edwards, ♁,	8. Junonia lavinia, Cramer, ♂.
under side.	9. Junonia genoveva, Cramer, ♂.
3. Grapta progne, Cramer, ♂.	10. Vanessa milberti, Godart, ♂.
4. Grapta progne, Cramer, ♂,	11. Vanessa californica, Boisduval, ♂.
under side.	12. Pyrameis caryæ, Hübner, ♂.
5. Grapta zephyrus, Edwards, ♂.	13. Anartia jatrophæ, Linnæus, ♂.
6. Grapta zephyrus, Edwards, ♂, under side.

Explanation of [Plate XXI]

1. Timetes coresia, Godart, ♂.	6. Callicore clymena, Cramer, ♂,
2. Timetes coresia, Godart, ♂,	under side.
under side.	7. Eunica monima, Cramer, ♂.
3. Timetes petreus, Cramer, ♂.	8. Eunica monima, Cramer, ♁.
4. Timetes chiron, Fabricius, ♂.	9. Hypolimnas misippus, Linnæus, ♂.
5. Callicore clymena, Cramer, ♂.	10. Hypolimnas misippus, Linnæus, ♁.

Explanation of [Plate XXII]

1. Basilarchia astyanax, Fabricius, ♂.	5. Basilarchia arthemis, Drury, var.
2. Heterochroa californica, Butler, ♁.	proserpina, Edwards, ♂.
3. Basilarchia lorquini, Boisduval, ♂.	6. Basilarchia weidemeyeri,
4. Basilarchia arthemis, Drury, ♂.	Edwards, ♂.

Explanation of [Plate XXIII]

1. Chlorippe flora, Edwards, ♂.	8. Chlorippe montis, Edwards, ♁.
2. Chlorippe flora, Edwards, ♁.	9. Chlorippe alicia, Edwards, ♂.
3. Chlorippe celtis, Boisd.-Lec., ♂.	10. Chlorippe alicia, Edwards, ♁.
4. Chlorippe celtis, Boisd.-Lec., ♁.	11. Chlorippe leilia, Edwards, ♂.
5. Chlorippe clyton, Boisd.-Lec., ♂.	12. Chlorippe antonia, Edwards, ♂.
6. Chlorippe clyton, Boisd.-Lec., ♁.	13. Chlorippe celtis, Boisd.-Lec., ♂,
7. Chlorippe montis, Edwards, ♂.	under side.

Explanation of [Plate XXIV]

1. Pyrrhanæa andria, Scudder, ♁.	6. Victorina steneles, Linnæus, ♂.
2. Pyrrhanæa morrisoni, Edwards, ♁.	7. Cystineura amymone, Ménétries, ♂.
3. Pyrrhanæa portia, Fabricius, ♂.	8. Synchloë crocale, Edwards, ♂,
4. Ageronia feronia, Linnæus, ♂.	under side.
5. Ageronia fornax, Hübner, ♂,	9. Synchloë crocale, Edwards, ♂.
under side.	10. Eurema lethe, Fabricius, ♂.

Explanation of [Plate XXV]

1. Satyrodes canthus, Boisd.-Lec., ♂.	15. Neominois ridingsii, Edwards, ♂.
2. Neonympha gemma, Hübner, ♂,	16. Neominois dionysius, Scudder, ♂.
under side.	17. Erebia magdalena, Strecker, ♂.
3. Neonympha rubricata, Edwards, ♂.	18. Erebia sofia, Strecker, ethela,
4. Neonympha eurytus, Fabricius, ♂.	Edwards, ♁.
5. Neonympha sosybius, Fabricius, ♂,	19. Erebia discoidalis, Kirby, ♂.
under side.	20. Erebia tyndarus, var. callias,
6. Neonympha mitchelli, French, ♂,	Edwards, ♂.
under side.	21. Cœnonympha ampelos, Edwards, ♂,
7. Neonympha phocion, Fabricius, ♂,	under side.
under side.	22. Cœnonympha kodiak, Edwards, ♁.
8. Neonympha henshawi, Edwards, ♂.	23. Erebia disa, var. mancinus,
9. Cœnonympha california, Dbl.-Hew.,	Dbl.-Hew., ♂.
var. galactinus, Boisd., ♂.	24. Cœnonympha haydeni, Edwards, ♂.
10. Cœnonympha california, Dbl.-Hew.,	25. Cœnonympha elko, Edwards, ♁,
var. eryngii, Henry Edwards, ♂.	under side.
11. Cœnonympha ochracea, Edwards, ♂.	26. Cœnonympha elko, Edwards, ♂.
12. Cœnonympha ochracea, Edwards, ♂,	27. Cœnonympha pamphiloides,
under side.	Reakirt, ♁.
13. Cœnonympha inornata, Edwards, ♂,	28. Erebia epipsodea, Butler, ♂.
under side.	29. Cœnonympha inornata, Edwards, ♂.
14. Cœnonympha california, Dbl.-Hew.,	30. Cœnonympha ampelos, Edwards, ♂.
♁.	31. Cœnonympha pamphiloides,
	Reakirt, ♂.

Explanation of [Plate XXVI]

1. Satyrus alope, Fabricius, ♂.	12. Satyrus charon, Edwards, ♁.
2. Satyrus alope, Fabricius, ♁.	13. Satyrus meadi, Edwards, ♁.
3. Satyrus nephele, Kirby, ♂.	14. Satyrus meadi, Edwards, ♂,
4. Satyrus nephele, Kirby, ♁,	under side.
under side.	15. Satyrus baroni, Edwards, ♂.
5. Satyrus ariane, Boisduval, ♂.	16. Satyrus baroni, Edwards, ♂,
6. Satyrus ariane, Boisduval, ♁,	under side.
under side.	17. Satyrus gabbi, Edwards, ♁,
7. Satyrus œtus, Boisduval, ♂.	under side.
8. Satyrus œtus, Boisduval, ♂,	18. Satyrus pegala, Fabricius, ♁,
under side.	under side.
9. Satyrus olympus, Edwards, ♂.	19. Satyrus paulus, Edwards, ♂,
10. Satyrus olympus, Edwards, ♁,	under side.
under side.	20. Satyrus sthenele, Boisduval, ♂,
11. Satyrus charon, Edwards, ♂.	under side.

Explanation of [Plate XXVII]

1. Œneis gigas, Butler, ♂.	7. Œneis brucei, Edwards, ♂.
2. Œneis gigas, Butler, ♁.	8. Œneis varuna, Edwards, ♂.
3. Œneis macouni, Edwards, ♂.	9. Œneis ivallda, Mead, ♂.
4. Œneis iduna, Edwards, ♂.	10. Œneis chryxus, Dbl.-Hew., ♂.
5. Œneis jutta, Hübner, ♁.	11. Œneis semidea, Say, ♂.
6. Œneis taygete, Hübner, ♂.	12. Œneis uhleri, Reakirt, ♂.

Explanation of [Plate XXVIII]

1. Libythea bachmanni, Kirtland, ♂.	22. Eumœus atala, Poey, ♂,
2. Libythea bachmanni, Kirtland, ♂,	under side.
under side.	23. Chrysophanus virginiensis, Edwards,
3. Libythea carinenta, Cramer, ♂.	♂.
4. Lemonias cythera, Edwards, ♁,	24. Chrysophanus virginiensis, Edwards,
under side.	♁.
5. Lemonias cythera, Edwards, ♂.	25. Chrysophanus hypophlœus, Boisduval,
6. Lemonias virgulti, Behr, ♂.	♂.
7. Lemonias mormo, Felder, ♂,	26. Chrysophanus editha, Mead, ♂.
under side.	27. Chrysophanus editha, Mead, ♁.
8. Lemonias nais, Edwards, ♂.	28. Chrysophanus epixanthe,
9. Lemonias nais, Edwards, ♁.	Boisd.-Lec., ♂.
10. Lemonias duryi, Edwards, ♁.	29. Chrysophanus xanthoides,
11. Lemonias palmeri, Edwards, ♂.	Boisduval, ♂.
12. Calephelis borealis, Grote and Robinson, ♂,	30. Chrysophanus xanthoides,
under side.	Boisduval, ♁.
13. Calephelis borealis, Grote and Robinson, ♂.	31. Chrysophanus thoë, Boisd.-Lec., ♂.
14. Calephelis nemesis, Edwards, ♂.	32. Chrysophanus thoë, Boisd.-Lec., ♁.
15. Calephelis australis, Edwards, ♂.	33. Chrysophanus helloides,
16. Calephelis cœnius, Linnæus, ♂.	Boisduval, ♂.
17. Lemonias zela, Butler, ♂.	34. Chrysophanus helloides,
18. Lemonias zela, Butler, ♁.	Boisduval, ♁.
19. Lemonias cleis, Edwards, ♂.	35. Chrysophanus gorgon, Boisduval, ♂.
20. Lemonias cleis, Edwards, ♁.	36. Chrysophanus gorgon, Boisduval, ♁.
21. Feniseca tarquinius, Fabricius, ♂.	37. Chrysophanus mariposa, Reakirt, ♂.
	38. Chrysophanus mariposa, Reakirt, ♁.

Explanation of [Plate XXIX]

1. Chrysophanus arota, Boisduval, ♂.	23. Thecla læta, Edwards, ♂.
2. Chrysophanus arota, Boisduval, ♁.	24. Thecla læta, Edwards, ♂, under side.
3. Chrysophanus sirius, Edwards, ♂.	25. Thecla adenostomatis, Henry
4. Chrysophanus sirius, Edwards, ♁.	Edwards, ♂.
5. Chrysophanus rubidus, Behr, ♂.	26. Thecla calanus, Hübner, ♂.
6. Chrysophanus rubidus, Behr, ♁.	27. Thecla edwardsi, Saunders, ♁.
7. Chrysophanus snowi, Edwards, ♂.	28. Thecla liparops, Boisd.-Lec., ♁.
8. Chrysophanus snowi, Edwards, ♁.	29. Thecla damon, Cramer, var.
9. Thecla halesus, Cramer, ♂.	discoidalis, Skinner, ♂.
10. Thecla m-album, Boisd.-Lec., ♂.	30. Thecla tacita, Henry Edwards, ♂.
11. Thecla crysalus, Edwards, ♂.	31. Thecla melinus, Hübner, form
12. Thecla grunus, Boisduval, ♂.	humuli, Harris, ♂.
13. Thecla autolycus, Edwards, ♁.	32. Thecla damon, Cramer, ♂,
14. Thecla alcestis, Edwards, ♁.	under side.
15. Thecla acadica, Edwards, ♂.	33. Thecla sæpium, Boisduval, ♂.
16. Thecla acadica, Edwards, ♁.	34. Thecla sæpium, Boisduval, ♂,
17. Thecla itys, Edwards, ♁.	under side.
18. Thecla cecrops, Hübner, ♁,	35. Thecla ines, Edwards, ♂.
under side.	36. Thecla chalcis, Behr, ♂.
19. Thecla wittfeldi, Edwards, ♁.	37. Thecla chalcis, Behr, ♁, under side.
20. Thecla wittfeldi, Edwards, ♂,	38. Thecla acis, Drury, ♂, under side.
under side.	39. Thecla simæthis, Drury, ♂,
21. Thecla spinetorum, Boisduval, ♁.	under side.
22. Thecla favonius, Smith and Abbot, ♂.

Explanation of [Plate XXX]

1. Thecla dumetorum, Boisduval, ♂.	27. Lycœna marina, Reakirt, ♁,
2. Thecla dumetorum, Boisduval, ♂,	under side.
under side.	28. Lycœna dœdalus, Behr, ♁, under side.
3. Thecla affinis, Edwards, ♁,	29. Lycœna icarioides, Boisduval, ♂,
under side.	under side.
4. Thecla behri, Edwards, ♂.	30. Lycœna enoptes, Boisduval, ♁,
5. Thecla behri, Edwards, ♂,	under side.
under side.	31. Lycœna glaucon, Edwards, ♁,
6. Thecla clytie, Edwards, ♁.	under side.
7. Thecla cecrops, Hübner, ♂.	32. Lycœna pseudargiolus, Boisd.-Lec.,
8. Thecla nelsoni, Boisduval, ♁,	♂, under side.
under side.	33. Lycœna isola, Reakirt, ♂, under side.
9. Thecla blenina, Hewitson, ♂, under side.	(The figure is that of the type of
(The figure is that of the	L. aloe, Edwards.)
type of T. siva, Edwards.)	34. Lycœna couperi, Grote, ♂,
10. Thecla titus, Fabricius, ♂.	under side.
11. Thecla niphon, Hübner, ♁.	35. Lycœna antiacis, Boisduval, ♂,
12. Thecla irus, Godart, ♂.	under side.
13. Thecla nelsoni, Boisduval, ♁.	36. Lycœna antiacis, Boisduval, ♂.
14. Thecla titus, Fabricius, ♂,	37. Lycœna pheres, Boisduval, ♂.
under side.	37. Lycœna pheres, Boisduval, ♂.
15. Thecla augustus, Kirby, ♁.	38. Lycœna isola, Reakirt, ♁.
16. Lycœna fuliginosa, Edwards, ♂,	39. Lycœna glaucon, Edwards, ♂.
under side.	40. Lycœna aster, Edwards, ♂.
17. Thecla eryphon, Boisduval, ♁,	41. Lycœna antiacis, Boisduval, ♁.
under side.	42. Lycœna pheres, Boisduval, ♁,
18. Thecla martialis, ♁, under side.	under side.
19. Lycœna pseudargiolus, Boisd.-Lec.,	43. Lycœna xerxes, Boisduval, ♂,
var. marginata, Edwards, ♂,	under side.
under side.	44. Lycœna sagittigera, Felder, ♁,
20. Lycœna pseudargiolus, Boisd.-Lec.,	under side.
var. lucia, Kirby, ♂, under side.	45. Lycœna ammon, Lucas, ♁,
21. Thecla henrici, Grote and Robinson,	under side.
♁.	46. Lycœna aster, Edwards, ♁.
22. Thecla niphon, Hübner, ♁,	47. Lycœna aster, Edwards, ♂,
under side.	under side.
23. Lycœna couperi, Grote, ♂.	48. Lycœna scudderi, Edwards, ♂.
24. Lycœna fulla, Edwards, ♂.	49. Lycœna scudderi, Edwards, ♁.
25. Lycœna fulla, Edwards, ♁.	50. Lycœna lygdamas, Doubleday, ♁, under side.
26. Lycœna clara, Henry Edwards, ♁.	51. Lycœna enoptes, Boisduval, ♂.

Explanation of [Plate XXXI]

1. Lycæna pseudargiolus, Boisd.-Lec.,	12. Lycæna dædalus, Behr, ♁.
var. lucia, Kirby, ♂.	13. Lycæna heteronea, Boisduval, ♂.
2. Lycæna pseudargiolus, Boisd.-Lec.,	14. Lycæna heteronea, Boisduval, ♁.
var. marginata, Edwards, ♂.	15. Lycæna sæpiolus, Boisduval, ♂.
3. Lycæna pseudargiolus, Boisd.-Lec.,	16. Lycæna sæpiolus, Boisduval, ♁.
var. marginata, Edwards, ♁.	17. Lycæna lygdamas, Doubleday, ♂.
4. Lycæna pseudargiolus, Boisd.-Lec.,	18. Lycæna lygdamas, Doubleday, ♁.
var. nigra, Edwards, ♂.	19. Lycæna sagittigera, Felder, ♂.
5. Lycæna pseudargiolus, Boisd.-Lec.,	20. Lycæna sagittigera, Felder, ♁.
var. violacea, Edwards, ♂.	21. Lycæna sonorensis, Felder, ♂.
6. Lycæna pseudargiolus, Boisd.-Lec.,	22. Lycæna sonorensis, Felder, ♁.
♂.	23. Lycæna shasta, Edwards, ♂.
7. Lycæna pseudargiolus, Boisd.-Lec.,	24. Lycæna shasta, Edwards, ♁.
♁.	25. Lycæna melissa, Edwards, ♂.
8. Lycæna pseudargiolus, Boisd.-Lec.,	26. Lycæna melissa, Edwards, ♁.
var. neglecta, Edwards, ♂.	27. Lycæna acmon, Dbl.-Hew., ♂.
9. Lycæna pseudargiolus, Boisd.-Lec.,	28. Lycæna acmon, Dbl.-Hew., ♁.
var. neglecta, Edwards, ♁.	29. Lycæna comyntas, Godart, ♂.
10. Lycæna pseudargiolus, Boisd.-Lec.,	30. Lycæna comyntas, Godart, ♁.
var. piasus, Boisduval, ♂.	31. Lycæna ammon, Lucas, ♁.
11. Lycæna dædalus, Behr, ♂.	32. Lycæna marina, Reakirt, ♁.

Explanation of [Plate XXXII]

1. Lycæna speciosa, Henry Edwards, ♂.	20. Thecla melinus, Hübner, ♂.
2. Lycæna speciosa, Henry Edwards, ♁,	21. Nathalis iole, Boisduval, ♂.
under side.	22. Nathalis iole, Boisduval, ♁.
3. Lycæna hanno, Stoll, ♂, under side.	23. Euchloë creusa, Dbl.-Hew., ♂.
4. Lycæna isophthalma, Herrich-Schäffer,	24. Euchloë ausonides, Boisduval, ♂.
♂.	25. Euchloë ausonides, Boisduval, ♁.
5. Lycæna exilis, Boisduval, ♂.	26. Euchloë cethura, Felder, ♂.
6. Lycæna theonus, Lucas, ♁.	27. Euchloë cethura, Felder, ♁.
7. Lycæna amyntula, Boisduval, ♂.	28. Euchloë sara, Boisduval, ♂.
8. Lycæna amyntula, Boisduval, ♁.	29. Euchloë sara, Boisduval, ♁.
9. Lycæna aquilo, Boisduval, ♂.	30. Euchloë lanceolata, Boisduval, ♂.
10. Lycæna aquilo, Boisduval, ♂,	31. Euchloë sara, Boisduval, var. reakirti,
under side.	Edwards, ♂.
11. Lycæna battoides, Behr, ♂.	32. Euchloë sara, Boisduval, var.
12. Lycæna comyntas, Godart, ♂,	reakirti, Edwards, ♁.
under side.	33. Euchloë pima, Edwards, ♂.
13. Lycæna annetta, Mead, ♂.	34. Euchloë sara, Boisduval, var. julia,
14. Lycæna annetta, Mead, ♁.	Edwards, ♂.
15. Lycæna podarce, Felder, ♂.	35. Euchloë sara, Boisduval, var. stella,
16. Lycæna podarce, Felder, ♁.	Edwards, ♂.
17. Lycæna rustica, Edwards, ♂,	36. Euchloë sara, Boisduval, var. stella,
under side.	Edwards, ♁.
18. Lycæna lycea, Edwards, ♂,	37. Euchloë genutia, Fabricius, ♂.
under side.	38. Euchloë genutia, Fabricius, ♁.
19. Lycæna beteronea, Boisduval, ♁,	39. Euchloë olympia, Edwards, var. rosa,
under side.	Edwards, ♂, under side.

Explanation of [Plate XXXIII]

1. Catopsilia agarithe, Boisduval, ♂.	5. Colias eurytheme, Boisduval, ♂,
2. Catopsilia eubule, Linnæus, ♂.	under side.
3. Catopsilia eubule, Linnæus, ♂,	6. Pyrameis huntera, Fabricius, ♂,
under side.	under side.
4. Catopsilia philea, Linnæus, ♂.

Explanation of [Plate XXXIV]

1. Euchloë cethura, Felder, var.	11. Pieris protodice, Boisd.-Lec., ♁.
morrisoni, Edwards, ♂.	12. Pieris sisymbri, Boisduval, ♂.
2. Euchloë creusa, Dbl.-Hew., ♁,	13. Pieris occidentalis, Reakirt, ♂.
under side.	14. Pieris virginiensis, Edwards, ♂.
3. Euchloë ausonides, Boisduval, ♂,	15. Pieris napi, Esper, var. pallida,
under side.	Scudder, ♁.
4. Euchloë sara, Boisduval, var. flora,	16. Pieris napi, Esper, var. oleracea-hiemalis,
Wright, ♂.	Harris, ♂.
5. Euchloë sara, Boisduval, var. flora,	17. Pieris napi, Esper, var. bryoniæ,
Wright, ♁.	Ochsenheimer, ♁.
6. Euchloë sara, Boisduval, var. julia,	18. Pieris protodice, Boisd.-Lec., var.
Edwards, ♁, under side.	vernalis, Edwards, ♂.
7. Neophasia menapia, Felder, ♂.	19. Pieris napi, Esper, var. acadica,
8. Pieris beckeri, Edwards, ♂.	Edwards, ♁.
9. Pieris beckeri, Edwards, ♁.	20. Kricogonia lyside, Godart, ♂.
10. Pieris protodice, Boisd.-Lec., ♂.	21. Kricogonia lyside, Godart, ♁.

Explanation of [Plate XXXV]

1. Pieris monuste, Linnæus, ♂.	9. Colias scudderi, Reakirt, ♁.
2. Pieris monuste, Linnæus, ♁.	10. Colias interior, Scudder, ♂.
3. Pieris rapæ, Linnæus, ♁.	11. Colias interior, Scudder, ♁.
4. Tachyris ilaire, Godart, ♂.	12. Colias chrysomelas, Henry Edwards,
5. Tachyris ilaire, Godart, ♁.	♂.
6. Colias alexandra, Edwards, ♂.	13. Colias chrysomelas, Henry Edwards,
7. Colias alexandra, Edwards, ♁.	♁.
8. Colias scudderi, Reakirt, ♂.	14. Colias pelidne, Boisduval, ♂.
	15. Colias eriphyle, Edwards, ♂.

Explanation of [Plate XXXVI]

1. Meganostoma eurydice, Boisduval, ♂.	10. Colias keewaydin, Edwards, ♀.
2. Meganostoma eurydice, Boisduval, ♀.	11. Colias nastes, Boisduval, ♂.
3. Meganostoma cæsonia, Stoll, ♂.	12. Colias nastes, Boisduval, ♀.
4. Meganostoma cæsonia, Stoll, ♀.	13. Colias elis, Strecker, ♂.
5. Colias meadi, Edwards, ♂.	14. Colias elis, Strecker, ♀.
6. Colias meadi, Edwards, ♀.	15. Colias pelidne, Boisduval
7. Colias ariadne, Edwards, ♂.	(labradorensis, Scudder), ♂.
8. Colias ariadne, Edwards, ♀.	16. Colias pelidne, Boisduval
9. Colias keewaydin, Edwards, ♂.	(labradorensis, Scudder), ♀.
	17. Colias behri, Edwards, ♂.

Explanation of [Plate XXXVII]

1. Terias gundlachia, Poey, ♂.	9. Terias damaris, Felder, ♂.
2. Terias proterpia, Fabricius, ♂.	10. Terias damaris, Felder, ♂,
3. Terias nicippe, Cramer, ♂.	under side.
4. Terias nicippe, Cramer, ♁.	11. Terias westwoodi, Boisduval, ♂.
5. Terias nicippe, Cramer, var. flava,	12. Terias elathea, Cramer, ♂.
Strecker, ♂.	13. Terias lisa, Boisd.-Lec., ♂.
6. Terias nicippe, Cramer, ♁,	14. Terias delia, Cramer, ♂.
under side.	15. Terias jucunda, Boisd.-Lec., ♂.
7. Terias mexicana, Boisduval, ♂.	16. Terias jucunda, Boisd.-Lec., ♂,
8. Terias mexicana, Boisduval, ♂,	underside.
under side.	17. Dismorphia melite, Linnæus, ♂.
	18. Dismorphia melite, Linnæus, ♁.

Explanation of [Plate XXXVIII]

1. Papilio zolicaon, Boisduval, ♂.	2. Papilio daunus, Boisduval, ♂.
	3. Papilio pilumnus, Boisduval, ♂.

(The figures in this plate are reduced, being only two thirds of the natural size.)

Explanation of [Plate XXXIX]

1. Parnassius smintheus, Dbl.-Hew.,	6. Parnassius smintheus, Dbl.-Hew., var.
var. behri, Edwards, ♂.	hermodur, ♁, Henry Edwards.
2. Parnassius smintheus, Dbl.-Hew.,	7. Parnassius clodius, Ménétries, ♂
var. behri, Edwards, ♁.	(baldur, Edwards).
3. Parnassius smintheus, Dbl.-Hew., ♂.	8. Parnassius clodius, Ménétries, ♁
4. Parnassius smintheus, Dbl.-Hew., ♁.	(baldur, Edwards).
5. Parnassius smintheus, Dbl.-Hew., ♂,	9. Parnassius clodius, Ménétries, ♂.
mate of ♁ hermodur.	10. Parnassius clodius, Ménétries, ♁.

Explanation of [Plate XL]

1. Papilio asterias, Cramer, ♂.	3. Papilio hollandi, Edwards, ♂.
2. Papilio bairdi, Edwards, ♂.	4. Papilio brucei, Edwards, ♂.
	5. Papilio brevicauda, Saunders, ♁.

Explanation of [Plate XLI]

1. Papilio machaon, Linnæus, var.	4. Papilio polydamas, Linnæus, ♂.
aliaska, Scudder, ♂.	5. Papilio troilus, Linnæus, ♂.
2. Papilio nitra, Edwards, ♂.	6. Papilio asterias, Cramer, var.
3. Papilio indra, Reakirt, ♁.	calverleyi, Grote, ♁.

Explanation of [Plate XLII]

1. Papilio palamedes, Drury, ♁.	3. Papilio cresphontes, Cramer, ♂.
2. Papilio philenor, Linnæus, ♂.	4. Papilio thoas, Linnæus, ♂.

Explanation of [Plate XLIII]

1. Papilio turnus, Linnæus, ♂.	3. Colias eriphyle, Edwards, = Colias hageni,
2. Papilio turnus, Linnæus, dimorphic ♁,	Edwards, ♂, under side.
glaucus, Linnæus.	4. Pyrameis atalanta, Linnæus, ♂.
	5. Epargyreus tityrus, Fabricius, ♂.

(The figures in this plate are reduced, being only three fourths of the natural size.)

Explanation of [Plate XLIV]

1. Papilio ajax, Linnæus, var.	3. Papilio ajax, Linnæus, var.
telamonides, Felder, ♂.	marcellus, Boisduval, ♂.
2. Papilio ajax, Linnæus, var.	4. Papilio ajax, Linnæus, var. walshi,
floridensis, Holland, ♂.	♂.
(This is the dark form found in Florida in the early	5. Papilio eurymedon, Boisduval, ♂.
spring.)

Explanation of [Plate XLV]

1. Papilio rutulus, Boisduval, ♂.	7. Thanaos brizo, Boisd.-Lec., ♁.
2. Pholisora alpheus, Edwards, ♂.	8. Thanaos clitus, Edwards, ♂.
3. Calpodes ethlius, Cramer, ♁.	9. Pyrrhopyge araxes, Hewitson, ♂.
4. Pholisora catullus, Fabricius, ♂.	10. Achalarus lycidas, Smith and Abbot,
5. Thanaos afranius, Lintner, ♂.	♁, under side.
6. Eudamus proteus, Linnæus, ♁.	11. Plestia dorus, Edwards, ♂.
	12. Achalarus cellus, Boisd.-Lec., ♂.

Explanation of [Plate XLVI]

1. Systasea zampa, Edwards, ♂.	21. Limochores palatka, Edwards, ♂.
2. Erynnis manitoba, Scudder, ♂.	22. Thymelicus mystic, Scudder, ♂.
3. Erynnis manitoba, Scudder, ♁.	23. Thymelicus mystic, Scudder, ♁.
4. Atalopedes huron, Edwards, ♂.	24. Atrytone delaware, Edwards, ♂.
5. Atalopedes huron, Edwards, ♁.	25. Atrytone delaware, Edwards, ♁.
6. Atrytone vitellius, Smith and	26. Erynnis morrisoni, Edwards, ♂.
Abbot, ♂.	27. Erynnis morrisoni, Edwards, ♁.
7. Atrytone melane, Edwards, ♂.	28. Thymelicus ætna, Boisduval, ♂.
8. Atrytone melane, Edwards, ♁.	29. Thymelicus ætna, Boisduval, ♁.
9. Lerema hianna, Scudder, ♂.	30. Limochores manataaqua,
10. Lerema hianna, Scudder, ♁.	Scudder, ♁.
11. Erynnis ottoë, Edwards, ♂.	31. Euphyes metacomet, Harris, ♂.
12. Erynnis ottoë, Edwards, ♁.	32. Euphyes verna, Edwards, ♂.
13. Erynnis sassacus, Harris, ♂.	33. Lerodea eufala, Edwards, ♁.
14. Phycanassa viator, Edwards, ♂.	34. Prenes ocola, Edwards, ♂.
15. Phycanassa viator, Edwards, ♁.	35. Oligoria maculata, Edwards, ♂.
16. Limochores pontiac, Edwards, ♂.	36. Lerema carolina, Skinner, ♂.
17. Limochores pontiac, Edwards, ♁.	37. Phycanassa aaroni, Skinner, ♂.
18. Hylephila phylæus, Drury, ♂.	38. Phycanassa howardi, Skinner, ♂.
19. Hylephila phylæus, Drury, ♁.	39. Thorybes æmilia, Skinner, ♂.
20. Atrytone byssus, Edwards, ♁.	40. Limochores yehl, Skinner, ♂.

Explanation of [Plate XLVII]

1. Pamphila mandan, Edwards, ♂.	22. Poanes massasoit, Scudder, ♁.
2. Ancyloxypha numitor, Fabricius, ♂.	23. Erynnis attalus, Edwards, ♂.
3. Oarisma garita, Reakirt, ♂.	24. Polites peckius, Kirby, ♂.
4. Oarisma poweshiek, Parker, ♂.	25. Polites peckius, Kirby, ♁.
5. Amblyscirtes vialis, Edwards, ♂.	26. Polites mardon, Edwards, ♂.
6. Amblyscirtes samoset, Scudder, ♂.	27. Erynnis uncas, Edwards, ♂.
7. Amblyscirtes ænus, Edwards, ♁.	28. Erynnis uncas, Edwards, ♁.
8. Amblyscirtes simius, Edwards, ♂.	29. Erynnis snowi, Edwards, ♂.
9. Copæodes procris, Edwards, ♂.	30. Erynnis snowi, Edwards, ♁.
10. Copæodes wrighti, Edwards, ♂.	31. Atrytone taxiles, Edwards, ♂.
11. Copæodes myrtis, Edwards, ♂.	32. Atrytone taxiles, Edwards, ♁.
12. Hesperia scriptura, Boisduval, ♁.	33. Erynnis metea, Scudder, ♂.
13. Hesperia centaureæ, Rambur, ♂.	34. Erynnis metea, Scudder, ♁.
14. Hesperia cæspitalis, Boisduval, ♁.	35. Erynnis leonardus, Harris, ♂.
15. Hesperia xanthus, Edwards, ♂.	36. Erynnis leonardus, Harris, ♁.
16. Amblyscirtes textor, Edwards, ♂,	37. Atrytone zabulon, Boisd.-Lec., ♂.
under side.	38. Atrytone zabulon, Boisd.-Lec., ♁.
17. Hesperia nessus, Edwards, ♂.	39. Atrytone pocahontas, Scudder, ♁.
18. Hesperia montivaga, Reakirt, ♂.	40. Thymelicus brettus, Boisd.-Lec., ♂.
19. Hesperia domicella, Erichson, ♂.	41. Thymelicus brettus, Boisd.-Lec., ♁.
20. Limochores taumas, Fabricius, ♂.	42. Polites sabuleti, Edwards, ♂.
21. Poanes massasoit, Scudder, ♂.	43. Polites sabuleti, Edwards, ♁.
	44. Erynnis sylvanoides, Boisduval, ♂.

Explanation of [Plate XLVIII]

1. Thanaos persius, Scudder, ♂.	10. Thanaos lucilius, Lintner, ♂.
2. Thanaos somnus, Lintner, ♂.	11. Thanaos juvenalis, Fabricius, ♁.
3. Thanaos nævius, Lintner, ♁.	12. Thanaos funeralis, Lintner, ♂.
4. Thanaos martialis, Scudder, ♂.	13. Thorybes epigena, Butler, ♂.
5. Thorybes bathyllus, Smith and	14. Pholisora libya, Scudder, ♂.
Abbot, ♁.	15. Thanaos horatius, Scudder, ♂.
6. Thorybes pylades, Scudder, ♁.	16. Pholisora hayhursti, Edwards, ♁.
7. Thanaos petronius, Lintner, ♂.	17. Thanaos icelus, Lintner, ♂.
8. Lerema accius, Smith and Abbot, ♂.	18. Colias eurytheme, Boisduval, ♁,
9. Thanaos pacuvius, Lintner, ♁.	albino.