INDEX

Adrenal extract: effect of, on muscular contraction, [82].
Adrenal glands: nerve supply of, [37];
stimulated in emotion, [52]-59, [62]–63;
stimulated in pain, [59]–62, [63];
in relation to blood sugar, [77];
removal of, causes muscular weakness, [81];
secretion of, improves contraction of fatigued muscle, [92];
variations in adrenin content of, [171];
latent period of, when splanchnics stimulated, [188];
amount of secretion from, when splanchnics stimulated, [198];
fatigue of, [199];
stimulated by asphyxia, [206]–208.
Adrenin: secreted by adrenal glands, [36];
action of, identical with sympathetic impulses, [37], [64];
secretion of, by splanchnic stimulation, [41]–43;
secreted in emotional excitement, [44], [52]–59;
method of testing for, in blood, [47]–50;
secreted in emotion, [52]–59, [62]–63;
disappearance of, from blood, [58];
secreted in pain, [59]–62, [63];
effects of, when injected into body, [64]–65;
effect of, on distribution of blood in the body, [107];
quickly restores fatigued muscle to normal irritability, [119]–123;
specific in its restorative action, [124]–128;
as an antidote to muscular metabolites, [129];
restores fatigued denervated muscle to normal irritability, [130];
point of action of, in muscle, [128]–133;
antagonistic to curare, [132];
induces rapid coagulation of blood, [136], [147] ff.;
not the direct cause of rapid coagulation, [156]–158;
fails to shorten coagulation time in absence of intestines and liver, [157]–158;
variable amount of, in adrenal glands, [171];
emergency functions of, [185] ff.;
utility of, in bettering the contraction of fatigued muscle, [194]–195;
not a check to use of sugar in the body, [197], [199];
amount of, secreted when splanchnics stimulated, [198];
a condition for increase of blood sugar, [199];
stimulates the heart, [191], [201];
dilates the bronchioles, [204];
secretion of, increased in asphyxia, [206]–208.
Amyl nitrite: effect of, on contraction of fatigued muscle, [126].
Anger: associated with action, [188];
energizing influence of, [216].
Antagonisms: autonomic, [34];
in relation to emotions, [38];
between cranial and sympathetic divisions, [268]–270;
between sacral and sympathetic divisions, [270]–272.
Appetite: compared with hunger, [233], [235];
operation of, after section of vagus and splanchnic nerves, [240].
Arterial blood pressure: increased in excitement, [95];
artificial methods of increasing, [97];
influence of different heights of, on fatigue, [97]–102;
influence of increase of, on fatigue, [97]–102;
influence of decrease of, on fatigue, [102]–104;
the “critical region” in decreasing, [104];
explanation of effects on fatigued muscle, of varying, [104]–106;
value of increased, in pain and emotion, [106].
Arteries: innervation of, [26].
Asphyxia: increases adrenal secretion, [206]–208;
increases sugar in blood, [209].
Athletes: glycosuria of, after games, [75].
Autonomic nervous system: three divisions of, [25];
arrangement of sympathetic division of, [26]–29;
arrangement of cranial and sacral divisions of, [29]–30;
general functions of cranial division of, [30]–32;
general functions of sacral division of, [32]–34;
antagonism between sympathetic and cranial-sacral divisions of, [34]–36;
identity of action of sympathetic division of, and adrenal secretion, [36]–38;
antagonisms between emotions expressed in, [268]–272.
Behavior: biological explanation of, [2].
Bile: flow of, inhibited by excitement, [13].
Bladder: innervation of, [27], [32];
effects of emotions on, [33].
Blood: method of obtaining, for test for adrenin, [45]–46;
method of testing, for adrenin, [47]–50;
sugar in, [66], [73]–74;
distribution of, as affected by adrenin, pain and excitement, [107]–108, [200];
functions of, [135];
rapid coagulation of, by adrenin, [136] ff.;
drawing of, for testing coagulation time, [140]–142;
treatment of, in testing coagulation time, [142]–145;
faster coagulation of, after subcutaneous injections of adrenin, [147]–150,
and after intravenous injections, [150]–156;
oscillations in the rate of coagulation of, [155];
rapid coagulation of, not due directly to adrenin, [156]–158;
rapid coagulation of, not caused by adrenin in absence of liver and intestines, [157]–158,
and not caused by increase of blood sugar, [159], [170];
coagulation of, hastened by splanchnic stimulation, [162]–167,
but not in absence of adrenal glands, [167]–171;
possible delay of coagulation of, after stimulation of hepatic nerves, [170];
coagulation of, hastened by “painful” stimulation, [172]–177;
coagulation of, hastened in light anesthesia, [174]–177;
rapid coagulation of, after excitement, stopped by severing splanchnic nerves, [180]–182;
utility of increased sugar in, [188]–193;
distribution of, in pain and excitement, favorable to muscular effort, [201];
sugar in, increased by asphyxia, [209];
utility of rapid coagulation of, [211].
Bronchioles: dilated by adrenin, [204].
Bulimia: explanation of, [262].
Coagulation, see [Blood].
Coagulometer: graphic, [138]–147.
Combat: relation of emotion and endurance in, [225]–226;
nature of ancient, [294].
Constipation: as result of worry and anxiety, [271].
Cortex, cerebral: insensitiveness of, [242].
Cranial autonomic division: functions of, to conserve bodily resources, [30]–32, [268];
activities of, suppressed by activities of sympathetic division, [268]–272.
Curare: action of, antagonized by adrenin, [132].
Dances: relation of excitement and endurance in, [222]–224.
Danger: stimulating effect of, [230].
Dervishes: exhibitions of endurance by, [224].
Digestion: interruption of, by strong emotion, [9]–12, [13]–18, [268]–269.
Emotions: surface signs of, [3];
favorable to digestive secretions, [4]–8;
unfavorable to digestive secretions, [9]–13;
persistence of effects of, on digestive secretions, [12];
effects of, on gastric and intestinal contractions, [13]–18;
in relation to sympathetic division, [36];
in relation to adrenal secretion, [44], [52]–59, [62]–63;
increase of blood sugar in, [66], [73];
glycosuria in, [70]–76;
influence of, on distribution of blood in body, [108];
faster coagulation of blood in, [177]–182,
but stopped by cutting splanchnics, [180]–182;
value of forced respiration in, [203];
value of bronchiolar dilation in, [204];
relation to action, [215];
displayed in a “pattern” response, [218], [282];
in relation to exhibitions of power and endurance, [215], [229];
antagonisms between cranial and sympathetic, [268]–270,
and between sacral and sympathetic, [270]–272;
similarity of visceral changes in strong, [275]–279;
dependence of, on cerebral cortex, [282]–283.
Endurance: feats of, related to great emotion, [217]–218;
in the excitements of mania and dancing, [222]–224;
stimulated by music, [228].
Esophagus: contractions of, associated with hunger sensation, [259]–260.
Fatigue: of muscle, [84];
muscular, lessened by splanchnic stimulation, [89]–93;
as affected by increase of arterial pressure, [97]–102;
irritability of muscle in, increased by splanchnic stimulation, [101];
explanation of effects of varied arterial pressure on, [104]–106;
lessens neuro-muscular irritability, [114]–117, [120];
effect of, on curarized muscle, [132];
utility of adrenin in lessening effects of, [194], [195];
of adrenal glands, [199];
cessation of hunger contractions in, [262].
Fear: anticipatory character of, [186]–187;
associated with action, [188];
explanation of paralyzing effect of, [189];
energizing influence of, [216];
relation to rage, [275];
bodily changes in, like those in rage, [276]–277;
importance of, as a fighting emotion, [286].
“Fesselungsdiabetes,” [69].
Fever: absence of hunger in, [242], [263].
Fighting emotions: bodily changes in, like those in competitive sports, [219]–221, [296];
anger and fear as, [285];
importance of, [286];
satisfactions for, in competitive sports, [301].
Food: effect of sight and smell of, on gastric secretion, [6].
Football: glycosuria in players of, [75];
relation of excitement and power in, [219]–221.
Frenzy: endurance in, [223], [224].
Ganglia: autonomic, [23].
Gastric glands: turgescence of, not the cause of hunger sensation, [249]–250.
Gastric juice: psychic secretion of, [5]–8, [11];
importance of, for intestinal digestion, [7];
flow of, inhibited by excitement, [9]–12,
and by pain, [19].
Generative organs: innervation of, [32], [33];
effects of strong emotions on activities in, [271].
Glycosuria: in pain, [69]–70;
in emotion, [70]–76;
after football, [75], [221];
after examinations, [76];
dependence of, on adrenal glands, [77].
Heart: innervation of, [26], [31];
use of sugar by, [191];
stimulated by adrenin, [191], [201].
Hunger: compared with appetite, [233], [235];
description of, [234]–236;
theories of, [237];
as a general sensation, [237];
disappearance of, as time passes, [238]–239;
when stomach full, [239];
may be absent in bodily need, [242]–243;
temporarily abolished by indigestible materials, [243];
quick onset and periodicity of, [244]–245;
reference of, to stomach region, [245]–247;
not due to emptiness of stomach, [248];
not due to hydrochloric acid in empty stomach, [248];
not due to turgid gastric glands, [249]–250;
as the result of contractions, [251]–253;
inhibited by swallowing, [254];
method of recording gastric contractions in, [255]–256;
associated with gastric contractions, [256]–259,
and with esophageal contractions, [259]–260;
function of, [263]–264, [272]–275.
Hydrochloric acid: not the cause of hunger sensation, [248].
Intestine: contractions of, inhibited by excitement, [16];
innervation of, [27], [31];
use of, as test for adrenin in blood, [47]–50;
contracts when empty, [251]–253;
contractions of, may originate hunger sensations, [263].
Instincts: relation of, to emotions, [187], [188].
Irritability: increased in fatigued muscle by splanchnic stimulation, [101];
neuro-muscular, lessened by fatigue, [114]–117, [120];
when lowered, restored slowly by rest, [119];
when lowered, restored quickly by adrenin, [119]–123, [195].
“Jumpers”: exhibition of endurance by, [223].
Mania: endurance in, [222].
Martial virtues: claims for, by militarists, [287];
importance of preserving, [290]–291;
preserved in competitive sports, [297]–299.
Metabolites: influence of, on muscular contraction, [104];
action of, opposed by adrenin, [129];
increase adrenal secretion, [206]–208.
Militarists: emphasis of, on strength of fighting instincts, [286]–288;
claims of, as to values of war, [287];
support for claims of, [287].
Muscle: weakness of, after removal of adrenal glands, [81];
improved contraction of, after injection of adrenal extract, [82];
fatigue of, [84];
method of recording fatigue of, [85]–86;
fatigue of, lessened by splanchnic stimulation, [89]–93;
contraction of, when fatigued, improved by increased arterial pressure, [97]–102;
irritability of, when fatigued, increased by splanchnic stimulation, [101];
contraction of, when fatigued, lessened by decreased arterial pressure, [102]–104;
explanation of effects of varied arterial pressure on fatigued, [104]–106;
irritability of, decreased in fatigue, [114]–117, [120];
decreased irritability of, slowly restored by rest, [117]–118,
and quickly restored by adrenin, [119]–123;
contraction of fatigued denervated, increased by adrenin, [130];
point of action of adrenin in, [128]–133;
use of, in struggle, [189];
energy of, from carbonaceous material, [190]–193;
disappearance of glycogen from, [190];
increased efficiency of, with increase of blood sugar, [192]–193;
utility of adrenin in lessening fatigue of, [194]–195;
efficiency of, increased by distribution of blood in pain and excitement, [201].
Music: stimulating influence of, [227];
influence of martial, [228].
Neurones, autonomic: extensive distribution of sympathetic, [26];
arrangement of sympathetic for diffuse action, [28];
restricted distribution of cranial and sacral, [29];
arrangement for specific action, [30].
Olympic games: as physical substitutes for warfare, [297]–298.
Operations: in light anesthesia hasten coagulation of blood, [174]–177.
“Ordeal of rice,” [9].
Pain: disturbing effect of, on digestion, [18]–19;
as occasion for adrenal secretion, [59]–62, [63];
glycosuria in, [69]–70;
influence of, on distribution of blood in body, [108];
hastens coagulation of blood, [172]–177;
reflex nature of responses in, [185]–187;
associated with action, [189];
stimulating and depressive effects of, [189].
Pancreatic juice: flow of, inhibited by excitement, [13].
Philippine Islands: substitution of sports for warfare in, [297].
Power: the feeling of, [229].
Psychic secretion: of gastric juice, [5]–8, [11];
of saliva, [6];
dependent on cranial autonomic innervation, [31].
Psychic “tone”: of gastro-intestinal muscles, [13].
Racing: relation of excitement and power in, [221].
Rage: relation of, to fear, [275];
transformation of other emotions into, [276];
bodily changes in, like those in fear, [276]–277;
importance of, as a fighting emotion, [286].
Reflexes: “purposive” character of, [185]–186.
“Reservoirs of power,” [216].
Respiration: utility of increased, in pain and excitement, [202];
value of forced, in lessening distress, [203].
Rest: restores irritability lessened by fatigue, [117]–118.
Sacral autonomic division: functions of, in mechanisms for emptying, [32]–34;
activities of, suppressed by activities of sympathetic division, [270]–272.
Saliva: psychic secretion of, [6];
importance of, for taste, [6];
flow of, inhibited by excitement, [9].
Salivary glands: innervation of, by cranial autonomic, [31].
“Second wind”: explanation of, [210].
Sex: instinct of, suppressed by fear and anger, [271].
“Sham feeding,” [5].
Splanchnic nerves: stimulation of, causes adrenal secretion, [41]–43;
method of stimulating, [87]–88;
stimulation of, improves contraction of fatigued muscle, [89];
stimulation of, hastens coagulation of blood, [162]–167,
but not in absence of adrenal glands, [167]–171;
severance of, stops rapid coagulation following excitement, [180]–182;
eating after severance of, [240].
Sports: relation of excitement and power in, [219]–221, [296];
as physical substitutes for warfare, [297]–301;
moral values of, [300].
Stomach: psychic tonus of, [13];
contractions of, inhibited by excitement, [14]–15, [17],
and by pain, [19];
innervated by sympathetic neurones, [27],
and by cranial autonomic, [31];
reference of hunger sensation to, [245]–247;
emptiness of, not the cause of hunger, [248];
contractions of, when empty, [251]–253;
method of recording contractions of, [255]–256;
contractions of, when empty, associated with hunger sensations, [256]–259;
function of contractions of empty, [263]–264.
Strength: feats of, related to great emotion, [217]–218, [229].
Sugar: in blood, [66], [73];
in urine, [69]–76;
relation of adrenal glands to, in blood, [77];
increase of, in blood, does not hasten clotting, [159], [170];
utility of, when increased in blood, [188]–193;
a source of muscular energy, [191]–193;
a means of increasing muscular efficiency, [192]–193;
use of, in body, not checked by adrenin, [197]–199.
Swallowing: inhibits hunger sensation, [254].
Sweating: value of, in emotion and pain, [203].
“Sympathetic” autonomic division: extensive distribution of neurones of, [26];
arranged for diffuse action, [28];
antagonistic to cranial and sacral divisions, [34]–36;
active in pain and strong emotion, [36];
emotions expressed in, opposed to those expressed in cranial and sacral divisions, [268]–272;
dominance of, temporary, [273].
Threshold stimulus: as measure of irritability, [111];
method of determining, [111]–114;
increased in fatigue, [114]–117, [120];
when increased, slowly restored by rest, [117]–118,
and quickly restored by adrenin, [119]–123.
Trial by battle: feats of endurance in, [226].
Vagus nerves: severance of, does not abolish appetite, [240]–241,
and does not abolish hunger contractions of the stomach, [261].
Viscera: similar changes in, in various strong emotions, [275]–279;
changes in, not distinctive for emotions, [280]–281.
Vomiting: in consequence of pain, [19].
Warfare: as an expression of strong emotions, [286];
physical and moral values claimed for, [287];
barbarities of, and opposition to, [289]–290;
moral substitutes for, [292]–293;
physical substitutes for, [293]–297;
contrast between ancient and modern, [294]–295.
Witnesses: stimulating influence of, [227].
Work: effect of, on neuro-muscular irritability, [117];
done with use of carbonaceous material, [190]–193.