The Bases of Design

by Walter Crane

INDEX

• Ahmedabad, carved stone lattice window at, [182], [183].
• Alciati's "Emblems," [253-256].
• Alhambra, the, [186], [187].
• Amiens, sculpture at, [270], [273].
• Amman, Jost, [367].
• Amphora, Greek, [80], [81].
• Angels, Christian, [244].
• Andreæ, Hieronymus, [284].
• Andreani, Andrea, [330], [331].
• Anthemion ornament, Greek, [49], [52].
• Apelles, [303], [304].
• Arabian invasion of Persia, [175], [179];
  • casement, [180];
  • carved pulpit, [212], [213], [215].
• Arch, round, [5], [16];
  • pointed, [5], [26].
• Arches, typical forms of, [30].
• Architecture, the original basis of design, [3];
  • typical constructive forms in, [5];
  • Greek, [6-16];
  • Roman, [16-20];
  • Byzantine, [20-25];
  • Norman, [26-28];
  • Gothic, [28-46];
  • relationship between, and the art of design generally, [46], [47].
• Ardebil, Holy Carpet of the mosque at, [175-177].
• Assyrian border, [49], [50];
  • enamelled tile, [49], [51];
  • sculpture, [192], [203], [204];
  • treatment of natural forms, [198-202].
• Auxerre, sculpture at, [270], [272].
• Axmouth Church, tower of, [64].
• Bacchus, visit of, to Icarius, [18], [201].
• Barge-board, use of the, [61].
• Bates, Harry, [100].
• Bellini, Jacopo, [328].
• Beni Hasan, tomb of, [195], [265].
• Benson, W. A. S., [70].
• Bewick, Thomas, revival of the woodcut under, [119], [294].
• Birds, Egyptian treatment of, [264];
• • Japanese treatment of, [264], [266], [267];
  • Bewick's treatment of, [294].
• Blake, William, [119], [120], [294].
• Bohemia, old towns of, [188], [189].
• Book-binding, [370-372].
• Books, decoration of, [117-121], [133-141].
• Botticelli, Sandro, [323-326].
• Bouchardon, statue of Louis XV. by, [99], [101].
• Brasses, heraldry in, [252];
  • characteristics of design in, [290-293].
• Bronze casting, [98-101].
• Brown, Ford Madox, cartoons for glass by, [152], [153];
  • drawings by, [300].
• Bruges, the Belfry of, [62];
  • grate back from, [67], [68];
  • iron-work at, [103];
  • brass at, [291], [292].
• "Buch von den Sieben Todsünden," [117].
• Burgmair, Hans, [284].
• Burne-Jones, Sir Edward, studies by, [126].
• Byzantine art, [20-25], [141], [239].
• Cairo, casement from, [181];
• • pulpit from, [212], [213], [215];
  • carved and inlaid panel from, [217].
• Calvert, Edward, [294].
• Cambridge, King's College Chapel, [32].
• Candelabra, brass, [73-75].
• Candlesticks, [69], [71], [73], [76], [77].
• Canopied tombs, [38], [39];
  • seat and sideboard, [41].
• Canterbury, Anselm's Tower, [26], [27];
  • transitional arcade, [29];
  • south side of choir, [43], [45];
  • fire-dog from St. Nicholas's Hospital, [67].
• Cave men, art of the, [259], [260], [261].
• Ceiling decoration, [124], [125], [126], [131].
• Cellini, Benvenuto, [100].
• Celtic cross, [209].
• Cera perduta, [98], [99].
• Chequer pattern, the, [48], [49].
• Chimneys, importance of, in design, [63-65].
• Chinese porcelain, [86], [174], [214];
  • embroidery, [115], [211];
  • design, features of, [214], [216], [220].
• Christchurch, Norman house at, [63].
• Christian symbols, [239], [240], [241].
• Cimabue, [306].
• Circle, the, [226].
• Clarke, Purdon, [210].
• Clay, modelling in, [93-96].
• Cobden-Sanderson, T. J., [370-372].
• Colosseum, the, [16], [17].
• Constantine, arch of, [19].
• Copper-plate engraving, [119], [294].
• Cotton printing, [111].
• Crane, Walter, book decoration, [139], [140];
  • wall-paper designs, [124-134];
  • floor motive, [130].
• Crane, wrought iron, [69].
• Creeny's "Monumental Brasses," [252], [291], [293].
• Dalziel, the brothers, [298], [300].
• Dante, [308];
• • portrait of, by Giotto, [309].
• Da Vinci, Leonardo, [333-338].
• De Hooghe, Romeyn, [256].
• Delaune, Etienne, [363].
• Delft ware, [86].
• Delia Robbia ware, [164].
• Dennington Church, carving in, [42], [92].
• Derby pottery, [86].
• Devils, mediæval, [244].
• Diaper, rectangular, [88];
  • Chinese, [216].
• Dish decoration, [85-87].
• Doré, Gustave, [187].
• Doyle, Richard, [298].
• Drinking vessels, [79-85].
• Dripstone, principal of the, [59], [60].
• Du Maurier, George, [298].
• Dürer, Albert, [278-285].
• Eger, [189].
• Egyptian pottery, [96], [97];
• • primitive dwellings, [167], [168];
  • stone columns, [169], [170], [171];
  • hieroglyphics, [194], [195];
  • mural paintings, [196], [197];
  • types of design, [219];
  • symbolism, [229-232];
  • treatment of birds, [264];
  • realism in art, [265].
• Electric light fittings, 78.
• Emblem book, the, [253], [254].
• Embroidery, [113-116], [211].
• Erasmus's "Praise of Folly," [107], [108].
• Evangelists, symbols of the, [246].
• Fire-dogs, [66], [67], [103].
• Fire-irons, [66], [103].
• Florence, tower of the Palazzo Vecchio, [62], [63].
• Ford, Onslow, [100].
• Forum, frieze discovered in the, [270], [271].
• Fra Angelico, [242], [243], [244].
• Framlingham Castle, chimney at, [64], [66].
• Fuchsius, "De Historia Stirpium," [286], [287].
• Fylfot, the, [222], [224].
• Gerard's Herbal, [286].
• German chandelier, [73-75];
• • lantern, [76], [77];
  • beer mugs, [82];
  • pitcher, [87], [96];
  • early woodcuts, [117], [118], [278].
• Giotto, [270], [306-314], [359].
• Ghiberti, Lorenzo, [270], [306].
• Gilbert, Alfred, [100].
• Glass, stained, Gothic, [32], [141];
  • designing for, [141-159].
• Glass bottles (Italian), [82], [83], [84].
• Glass-blowing, [365], [366].
• Gothic architecture, development of, [28-46].
• Gozzoli, Benozzo, [244], [318-322].
• Grate backs, cast-iron, [66-68].
• Greek sculpture and architecture, [6-15];
  • furniture, etc., [15-16];
  • water vessels, [80], [81];
  • cylix, [85];
  • ornament, [204];
  • stele, [206];
  • symbolism, [232];
  • gods, [236];
  • sculpture, [268];
  • vases, [304].
• Grimani Breviary, the, [274], [276], [277].
• Grün, Hans Baldung, [118].
• Harrison, Miss Jane E., [304].
• Hathersage Church, [223].
• Hazelford Hall, [59].
• Hempstead, fireplace at, [69].
• Heraldry, national, [248];
• • origin and development of, [248-252].
• Herbals, [285], [286].
• Hercules, [236].
• "Herring bone," [225].
• Hesperides, the, [236], [237].
• Hieroglyphic, Egyptian, [194], [195].
• Hindu symbol of the Universe, [228], [229].
• Holbein's "Dance of Death," [254].
• Hunt, Holman, [296], [300].
• Icarius, house of, [18], [201].
• Ictinus, [303].
• Igdrasil, [229].
• Ightham Mote House, barge-board at, [57].
• Impressionism, influenced by Japanese art, [290].
• Indian embroidery, [211];
• • design, [180];
  • carved stone windows, [182], [183];
  • flame halo, [207];
  • palmette, [210], [211].
• Iron-work, wrought, [100], [102-105].
• Isle of Man, arms of, [223].
• Italian flasks and bottle, [82], [83], [84];
  • majolica and lustre ware, [86];
  • art, [185];
  • painters, [304-349].
• "Jack and the Beanstalk," [238].
• Japanese embroidery, [115], [116];
  • art, [216];
  • types of design, [220];
  • treatment of birds, [264], [266], [267];
  • plant drawing, [286], [288], [289].
• Keene, Charles, [295], [296], [298].
• Kelmscott Press, the, [121], [136], [139], [368].
• Lamb, symbolic use of the, [246].
• Lamps, design of, [69], [70], [77].
• Leech, John, [298].
• Leigh's Priory, chimneys at, [65].
• Leighton, Lord, [300], [306].
• Lintel, architecture of the, [5].
• Lion, Scottish, [248];
• • in heraldry, [252].
• Lions (sculptured), Assyrian, [202], [203];
  • modern, [203].
• Loom, the, [106-108].
• Lotus, Egyptian, [169], [197], [199], [230];
  • Assyrian, [202].
• Louis XV., statue of, by Bouchardon, [99], [101].
• Luxor, column at, [169].
• Lycia, tombs in, [6], [7].
• Majolica ware, [86].
• Manchester, Cheetham's Hospital, [67].
• Mantegna, Andrea, [326-333].
• Manuscripts, illuminated, [274], [276], [277].
• Mat, the primitive, [48], [49], [50].
• Matthiolus, Herbal of, [286].
• May, Phil, [299], [300].
• Medici, Giuliano de, tomb of, [346], [348].
• Medici, Lorenzo de, [339], [340];
• • tomb of, [347], [348].
• Memling, [42], [43], [274], [276], [277].
• Memmi, Simone, [306], [307].
• Michael Angelo, [336], [338-348].
• Millais, Sir J. E., [296].
• Modelling in clay, [93];
  • in wax, [97].
• Morris, William, [121], [136], [248], [368].
• Mosaics at Ravenna, [21-25], [239-241].
• Mouldings in architecture, origin of, [59].
• Multan, tomb at, [182].
• Mycenæ, gate of the lions at, [6], [10].
• Nile, the (sculptured group), [234], [235].
• Norman architecture, [26], [27].
• Norse sagas, [227].
• Nuremberg, iron-work at, [103], [106].
• Nuremberg Chronicle, the, [278].
• Omar Khayyám, [178].
• "Once a Week," [298].
• Orcagna, Andrea, [244], [245], [316-319].
• Oxen, heads of, [55], [56].
• Oxford, Magdalen Tower, [62].
• Palmette, the, [210], [211].
• Pan, [244].
• Pandora, story of, [237].
• Paper making, [368].
• Paris, Sainte Chapelle, glass from, [141-143], [145].
• Parthenon, the, [7-14], [268];
• • symbolism of the, [232-234], [246].
• Peacock, the, in Byzantine art, [239].
• Penshurst Place, [63].
• Pergamos, altar of, [268].
• Persephone, story of, [238].
• Persepolis, [172], [247].
• Persian pottery, [86];
  • types of design, [171], [211], [219];
  • glazed bricks, [171-173];
  • carpets, [109], [110], [174], [175], [177];
  • art, [176-180];
  • embroidery, [114], [211];
  • pomegranates, [208], [209];
  • griffin, [244], [247].
• Petrarch, [319].
• Phidias, [303].
• Philæ, lotus capital at, [171].
• Photography, influence of, on design, [119], [138], [300], [301].
• Pisano, Niccolo, [314], [315].
• Pistoia, Cathedral at, [164], [165].
• Pitcher, design of a, [79].
• Plate decoration, [85], [87].
• Polynesian ornament, [225], [226].
• "Pomerium de Tempore" (Augsburg, 1502), [294].
• Potter's wheel, the, [94].
• Pottery, [79], [94-96].
• Pourbus, [62].
• Poynter, Sir E. J., [296], [300].
• Pre-Raphaelite movement, the, [296].
• Printing, the art of, [366-370].
• Printed fabrics, designing for, [111-113].
• Printed page, proportions of the, [135], [137];
  • decoration of the, [135-141], [369].
• Protogenes, [303], [304].
• "Punch," [295-300].
• Raphael, [328], [338].
• Ravenna, mosaics at, [21-25], [239-241].
• Recurring lines, principle of, [12], [28].
• Rethel, Alfred, [296].
• Roman architecture, [16-21];
• • water-vessel, [80];
  • gods, [236].
• Roof, pitch of the, [56].
• Rossetti, D. G., [296].
• Rothenburg, pitcher from, [87], [96];
  • iron balustrade from, [105], [106].
• Rubens, Peter Paul, [332].
• Salisbury, St. Thomas's, screen at, [104], [106].
• Salisbury Cathedral, Chapter House in, [32];
• • glass grisaille in, [151].
• Sambourne, Linley, [297], [298].
• Sandys, Frederick, [296].
• San Gimignano, towers of, [61].
• Sauvastika, the, [222], [224].
• Scale in design, [133].
• Scandinavian clay vessel, [95];
  • ornament, [226].
• Scarabæus, the, [230].
• Shields, typical forms of, [249], [250].
• Sicilian silk tissue, [251], [252].
• Signorelli, [244].
• Simonds, George, [100].
• Sistine Chapel, ceiling of the, [342], [343].
• "Sleeping Beauty," [238].
• Snake of time, the, [228], [230].
• Snuffers, [76], [77].
• Soul, Egyptian symbolism of the, [230].
• Sparrow, J. S., modern glass by, [156], [157].
• Sphinx, the, [232].
• Stags drinking, a Christian emblem, [239], [240].
• St. David's Cathedral, timber roof, [43], [44];
  • misereres in, [93], [94].
• St. Ethelwold, Benedictional of, [227].
• Stevens, Alfred, [67], [204].
• St. Mark, winged lion of, [246].
• St. Martha, at Troyes, [273], [275].
• Stone-carving, [91-93].
• Stonehenge, [6].
• Sunlight, influence of, on art, [16], [161] et seq., [182], [184].
• Susa, glazed bricks at, [171-174].
• Tenniel, Sir John, [236], [298].
• Tennyson's poems (1857), [296].
• Textiles, designing for, [86], [106-113], [131].
• Thames, Father, [236].
• Thebes, mural painting from, [196].
• Theodora, the Empress (mosaic), [24].
• Thonging, decoration derived from, [54].
• Title-page, the, [136].
• Tivoli, Temple of the Sibyl at, [55].
• Torregiano, [340].
• Towers, origin and importance of, [61-64].
• Tradition in design, [349], [350].
• Tree of Life, Assyrian, [198], [200];
• • Persian, [211];
  • Norse, [227], [228].
• Trees, Egyptian and Assyrian treatment of, [200-202].
• "Triumph of Julius Cæsar, The," [329-332].
• "Triumphs of Maximilian, The," [282], [284], [285].
• Troyes, St. Urbain, sculpture at, [273], [275].
• Turnov, old houses at, [188].
• Type, arrangement of, [135];
  • founding, [368].
• Van Eyck, [42], [73].
• Venice, St. Mark's, [22], [23];
• • badge of the city, [246].
• Venus and Paris, relief, [237].
• Venus of Melos, the, [304].
• Vine, the, as a Christian emblem, [239].
• Volute ornament, origin of, [51];
  • ancient specimens, [53].
• Walker, Frederick, [296], [297].
• Wall-paper designs, [124] et seq.
• Water-vessels, [79-81].
• Wattled fence, [51], [52].
• Wax, modelling in, [97].
• Wells Cathedral, [32], [33], [40], [41].
• Westminster Abbey, nave of, [30], [31];
• • Henry VII.'s Chapel, [32], [35], [43].
• Whistler, J. McNeill, [300].
• Wicker work, [51].
• Wilton House, relief from, [237].
• Winchelsea Church, tomb in, [38], [39].
• Winchester College Chapel, glass from, [147].
• Windows, traceried, [32], [34], [141];
  • and see Glass, stained.
• Winston, on glass painting, [144].
• Wolgemuth, Michael, [278].
• Wood-carving, [91-93].
• Woodcuts, early German, [117], [118], [278-285];
  • Italian, [285];
  • in Herbals, [285-288];
  • Japanese, [286], [288-290];
  • revival under Bewick, [119], [294].
• Worcester pottery, [86].
• York Minster, the "Five Sisters," [32], [37].
• Zigzag, the, [226], [227].