The Barren Ground of Northern Canada

by Warburton Pike

INDEX

Alaska, Southern, [231].
Alberta, its prairies remembered, [196];
an election of its representative, [298].
America, the Eastern States of, [256].
Anderson, Mr., his route referred to, [vi], [36], [63], [151], [152], [171], [185], [196], [215].
Arnavatn, in Iceland, [42].
Arctic exploration, its records, [47].
Arctic flowers, [187].
Arctic fox, shot at, [40].
Arctic hare, described, [68].
Arctic Ocean or Sea, [v], [4], [12], [20], [63], [64], [65], [178], [205], [214], [265];
the best route to, [221].
Arctic regions, no extraordinary thickness of clothes required in them, [104].
Arrowsmith's map, compared with that issued by the Dominion Government, [216].
Artillery Lake, [220], [221], [224].
Athabasca district, [63], [235];
its limits, [12].
Athabasca Lake, [15], [16], [68], [231], [235];
reached by Mr. Pike, [13];
its produce, [13], [14].
Athabasca River, [v], [2], [3], [4], [6], [7], [11], [17], [36], [231], [293];
the landing, [4], [297].
Aylmer Lake, or the Lake of the Big Cliffs, [64], [178], [179], [180], [191], [213], [216], [221].
Back, Sir George, [vi], [36], [151], [180], [185], [215];
his map, [200].
Back's, or the Great Fish, River, see Great Fish River.
Baptiste, little, see Beaulieu, Baptiste.
Baptiste Testerwich, a half-breed Iroquois, [253], [255], [258], [292], [294];
his daughters, the "belles" of Hudson's Hope, [258].
Barren Ground, The, [v], [vi], [14], [15], [19], [23], [35], [48], [54], [55], [58], [63], [65], [75], [80], [84], [88], [89], [90], [91], [94], [96], [97], [99], [102], [110], [116], [122], [126], [130], [137], [143], [168], [174], [176], [177], [196], [209], [221], [225], [232], [271], [300], [302];
Mr. Pike's various expeditions to it, [19]-[77], [99]-[128], [164]-[228];
Mr. Pike's advice to future travellers there, [24];
its mosses and lichens, [42];
it produces one species of Cervidæ, [47];
its birds, [175];
exploration in it is ceasing, [185];
its animals, [198], [199];
Mr. Pike longs to return to it, [301];
a list of its flowers, [320].

Barrow, Thomas, [257], [261], [290], [291], [292];
his house or cabin, [259], [281], [288], [289].
Bathurst Inlet, [120], [191], [197], [204], [208].
Battle River reached, [248].
Beaulieu, Baptiste, a son of King Beaulieu, [33], [89].
Beaulieu, François, a son of King Beaulieu, [22], [39], [43], [61], [79], [93], [97], [135], [136], [137], [139], [141].
Beaulieu, José, brother of King Beaulieu, [234].
Beaulieu, José, a son of King Beaulieu, [22], [61], [91], [92], [136], [137], [236];
his love-affairs, [245].
Beaulieu, King, a French half-breed and guide, [19], [32], [38], [41], [61], [66], [71], [72], [81], [82], [83], [90], [94], [95], [97], [101], [102], [128], [135], [166], [233];
his character, [19], [23], [24];
his father and sons, [22], [23];
he calls the snow le couvert du bon Dieu, [62];
a lake is called after him, [62];
his cleverness, [73];
his opinions and anecdotes, [83]-[88];
he refuses to join the second musk-ox hunt, [97].
Beaulieu, Paul, a son of King Beaulieu, [22], [39], [43], [61], [70], [79], [92], [93], [97], [101], [103], [108], [111], [118], [130].
Beaulieu, Pierre, a brother of King Beaulieu, [148], [149], [233].
Beaulieus, the, [33], [64], [77], [134], [136], [138];
their character, [23];
they are not agreeable to live with, [126];
the final settlement with them, [147];
they apparently try to damage Mr. Pike's chances of success, [168].
Beaulieus, the young, the sons of King Beaulieu, [22], [38].
Beaver tribe dying out, [253].
Beavers, their actions mould geography, [155];
an account of the other animals found in their country, [156], [157].
Beaver Indians, their language, [251].
Beechey Lake, [190], [204], [205].
Biche, Lake La, [6].
Big Lake, [131].
Big River, the usual native name for the Slave River, [26].
Blackfeet, the, [3], [132].
Blue hills in the distance tempt one to push on, [207].
Bloody Falls, the, [152].
Boiler Rapid, the, [9].
Boiling, the favourite method of cooking, [55].
British Columbia, see Columbia.
Brick, Mr., a farmer of Smoky River, [244], [296];
his mission, [249];
his son, [295], [301].
Buffalo bands, [156];
a hunt for, [154]-[159].
Bull-dogs, "a cross between a bee and a blue-bottle," an annoyance to the horses, [3].
Bull's Head, the, [256], [289].
Calgary, [ix], [2], [3], [11], [298], [299];
left in June, 1889, [1].
California, [256].
Camp, a good, [40], [126].

Campbell, Mr., [228].
Camsell Lake, [43], [46], [61], [76], [80], [128].
Camsell, Mr., in charge of the Mackenzie River district, [20], [22], [231].
Canada, Eastern, [13].
Cannicannick Berry used for tobacco, [31].
Canoe, a birch-bark, is a "pretty poetical thing," 197.
Cap, the, [250].
Capot Blanc, an Indian, [140], [168], [171], [172], [176], [181], [182], [185], [187], [188], [191], [213].
Carcajou, the, is a cunning beast, [57].
Caribou, the, sometimes found near the Fond du Lac, [14];
Mr. Pike's prospect of finding it, [32];
he finds some bands, [43], [64], [72], [76], [89], [108];
Et-then, Et-then! the cry on the sight of it, [44];
the methods of cooking it, [44]-[46];
it is the one specimen of Cervidæ found in the Barren Ground, [47];
its different species described, [47], [48];
killed by Esquimaux, [56];
some details of its appearance and habits, [48]-[60];
the methods of freezing it, [67];
it is killed by women and boys, [76];
the cry, La Foule, La Foule! when a band is in sight, [89];
the most remarkable passage of caribou seen by Mr. Pike, [91].
Caribou diggings, [256].
Caribou-eaters, [19].
Caribou gold-fields, [231].
Caribou mountains, [239], [241].
Carquoss, an Indian, [190], [197].
Cassiar mining district, [231].
Catholics, all half-breeds are, [41].
Charlie, a half-breed from Quesnelle, [258], [260], [266], [270], [272], [273], [276], [277], [283], [285], [286], [288], [289], [293], [294];
his character, [292].
Chesterfield Inlet, [210].
Chinook wind, the, [259].
Chipeweyan Fort, the head-post of the Athabasca district, [5], [12], [150], [163], [231], [234], [235], [238], [241], [245];
its history and present life, [13]-[15];
trout-lines may be worked there, [14];
the appearance of the country changes on leaving it, [16].
Chipeweyan language, [26], [251].
Christie's Bay, [30].
Civilisation is degenerating, [299].
Clark, Mr., arrives as Mr. Mackinlay's substitute, [163], [164].
Clearwater River, the main route to the North, [11], [12].
Clinton Golden Lake, or the Lake where the caribou swim among the ice, [216], [220], [223];
described, [217], [218].
Columbia, British, [231], [265].
Company, the, see Hudson's Bay Company.
Cooking, the favourite method is boiling, [55].
Cooper, Fenimore, [129].
Coppermine River, [64], [65], [67], [72], [108], [110], [152];
the Bloody Falls of, [152].

Corbeau, Lac du, [43].
Country, the, its nature between Calgary and Edmonton, [1], [2];
and after leaving Chipeweyan, [16], [17].
Crees, the, [3], [132];
their language the medium of conversation on the Athabasca, [11];
their lodges passed, [241].
Cree-speaking belt, [26];
left by Mr. Pike, [251].
Cries: that on the sight of caribou, Et-then, Et-then!, [44];
on the sight of a band of caribou, La Foule, La Foule!, [89];
to awake a camp, He lève, lève, il faut partir!, [122];
that of Hi hi he, Ho hi he, to bring out the stars, [123].
Dakota blizzard, brought to Mr. Pike's mind by his experience of wind, [88].
David, the Esquimaux, [162], [206], [210], [211], [271], [276];
falls in love with the daughter of King Beaulieu, [168];
a keen hunter, [180];
his first summer outside the Arctic circle, [207].
Davis, Twelvefoot, [256], [257].
Dease Lake, [230].
Deluge, King Beaulieu's story of the, [85]-[88].
Dog-rib tribes, the, [32], [53], [60], [85], [90], [95], [195];
a spot on their history, [72];
they gamble with the Yellow-knives, [167];
they are more amenable than the Yellow-knives, [300].
Dogs are a trouble in winter travelling from their need of much food, [149].
Dominion Day, a Canadian anniversary, [182].
Dominion government's map, [216].
Dunvegan, [245], [249], [250], [253], [292], [295], [296].
Dupire, Father, in charge of the Catholic mission at Fort Resolution, [144], [149].
Edmonton, [2], [295], [297], [298];
the starting point for the territory of Hudson's Bay Company, [1];
an election at, [298].
Enemy, the, [81], [187].
Enemy, the Lake of the, [80], [127].
English is little spoken in the north, [11].
English Channel, the, [229].
Enterprise Fort, [65].
Esquimaux, the, [186], [192], [195], [196], [204], [208], [211];
they also kill the caribou, [56];
they are dreaded by the Indians, [151], [152];
presents for them, [164], [167], [209];
signs of their camp, [201]-[205].
Etitchula, the Indian, [135], [136].
Et-then, Et-then! the cry on the sight of the caribou, [44].
Euclid's methods, [275].
Expedition, the object of Mr. Pike's, [v], [vi], [70];
the ceremony of commemorating one, [228].
Fat, Antoine, a blind Indian, [176].

Fat, Pierre, a blind Indian, [176];
he appreciates scenery, [178].
Findlay River, [260], [263], [265], [268], [276], [280], [295];
its rapids, [264], [265], [281];
its source, [265].
Flett, Mr., and his family, passengers down the Athabasca, [5];
in charge of Fort Smith, [234].
Fond du Lac, [12], [14], [15], [28], [31], [32], [38], [40], [57], [61], [62], [79], [91], [92], [93], [96], [97], [101], [104], [120], [130], [134], [135], [136], [137], [139], [141], [144], [148], [163], [164],

[166], [167], [168], [171], [176];
described, [32];
women and children left there, [33].
Fogs, effect of, [108].
Forest fires, [1].
France is not sighed for by the priest of an Indian encampment, [232].
François, see Beaulieu, François.
François the little, conducts a buffalo hunt, [154]-[160];
his wife, [161].
Franklin, Sir John, [vi], [36], [77], [185], [205]; his expedition, [63];
his wintering-place, [65].
Fraser Lake, [258].
Fraser River, [231], [256].
French-Canadians, their chansons dying out, [10].
French patois of the Red River and the North, [11], [26].
Gold-dust is to be found by the Peace River, [252].
Good Hope, Fort, [300].
Government, motherly, defied, [3].
Grahame, the steamer, [12], [16].
Grand Pays, the half-breeds' name for the outside world, [82], [150].
Grand Traverse, the, [141], [142].
Grand Rapids, not reached by the steamer, [5];
reached by Mr. Pike, [7];
a description of the channel and its passage, [8]-[11].
Gras, Lac de, [64], [70], [108], [109], [121], [175].
Grease longed for in the cold, [55].
Great Bear Lake, [68].
Great Fish or Back's River, [36], [64], [115], [151], [152], [162], [164], [168], [171], [180], [184], [185], [188], [204], [205], [221].
Great Slave Lake, see Slave Lake.
Great Slave River, see Slave River.
Gros Cap, [148].
Gunn, Mr., of St. John's, [251];
he knew Beaver Indian tongue, [252].
Half-breeds are all Catholics, [41].
Half-way River, [251].
Halket Fort, [231].
Hanging Rock, the Lake of, [93].
Hardistay, Mr. Frank, [296].
Hay River, [156].
Hearne, Mr., [vi], [36], [152];
his Journey to the Northern Ocean, [50].
Hi hi he, Ho hi he! the cry for the stars, [123].
Ho lève, lève, il faut partir! the cry for arousing a camp, [122].
Hood, [vi].

Hospitality is in inverse proportion to a man's means, [143].
Hudson's Bay, [48], [50], [223].
Hudson's Bay Company, or The Company, [v], [1], [3], [14], [50], [52], [82], [83], [84], [99], [131], [156], [197], [210], [226], [228], [231], [238], [240], [250], [253], [296];
Mr. Pike's gratitude to the officers of, for their hospitality, [viii], [142], [143];
one of their early trading posts, [2];
their steamers are well-managed, [17];
they bring a certain amount of civilisation, [25];
their duffel capotes, [52];
their compressed tea not good to smoke, [136];
they are fair to the Indians, [242], [243].
Hudson's Bay Fort on Macleod's Lake, [260].
Hudson's Hope, [249], [250], [252], [265], [291], [294], [295];
visited, [253]-[257].
Iceland, [42].
Inconnu, a fish found only in the Mackenzie River, [29].
"Indian, the burnt," his bad luck, [221], [222].
Indians, the great northern territory is their hunting-ground, [1];
they are more easily managed than the half-breeds, [7];
they are sent from Locheaux to man the "inland boats," [7];
they cannot find their way in snow, [122];
they are very improvident, [131], seq.;
they are peaceable by nature, [145];
they dread the Esquimaux, [152];
their women quarrel, [172];
they imitate birds very well, [172];
some of them show themselves much interested in the skin of a seal, an animal they had never seen, [202];
they have a stupid love of killing, [209];
intoxicating drink may not be given to them, [226].
Inland boats described, [6].
John, [258], [268], [270], [271], [276], [277], [278], [280], [281], [283], [285], [288], [292];
he visits Mr. Pike, [246]-[254];
his character, [246], [247].
John, Saint, see Saint John.
José, see Beaulieu, José.
José, the brother-in-law of Zinto, [171], [173].
Kennedy, Alick, a good voyageur, [295].
Khartoum, [296].
King, see Beaulieu, King.
King Lake, [62], [127].
Labrador tea, [41], [194], [275], [283].
La Foule, la Foule! the cry on the sight of a caribou band, [89].
Languages, those of the North, [11];
those beyond the Cree-speaking belt on the Mackenzie, [26].
Lard, Lac du, [36].
Lawrence, Mr., a farmer of Vermillion, [244].
Lesser Slave Lake, [4], [6], [249], [250], [261], [292], [296], [297].
Liard River, [155], [156], [230], [231], [251].

Little Buffalo River, [145], [158];
it is impregnated with sulphur, [158].
Little Red River, in Athabasca district, [12];
its beautiful scenery, [240].
Little River, [266], [276].
Little Slave River, [145], [297].
Locheaux language, [26].
Lockhart's house, [164].
Lockhart's or Outram River, [63], [64], [70], [178], [179], [212], [214], [215], [224];
different opinions of its route, [216].
Lockhart, Pierre, a guide, [164], [171].
Lower Peace River, [235].
Lynx and rabbits, their periodic dying out, [293].
Macdonald, Ewen, the chief of the Peace River district, [250].
Macdonald, Walter, son of Ewen MacDonald, [261], [291], [294], [296].
Macdougall, [228].
Macfarlane, [228].
Mackay, Dr., in charge of the Athabasca district, [12], [17], [18], [63], [240];
a visit from him, [150], [151];
he sends presents, [163];
he is absent, [235];
he is met by Mr. Pike, [238].
Mackay, Lake, or the Lake of the Hanging Rock, [63], [64], [70], [72], [75], [80], [89], [92], [99], [106], [125], [178], [179], [220];
described, [63].
Mackay, Mr., a Company's clerk, [7], [8].
Mackay, Murdo, a servant at Fort Resolution who accompanies Mr. Pike, [146], [151], [162], [206], [233], [236], [239], [246], [247], [258], [270], [273], [278], [282], [283], [292].
Mackenzie, Sir Alex., [13], [253].
Mackenzie River, or La Grande Rivière en Bas, v, [4], [10], [18], [19], [20], [36], [48], [50], [60], [142], [180], [230], [233], [265], [300];
its origin, [16];
the languages spoken along its banks, [26].
Mackinlay, Mr., in charge of Fort Resolution, [22], [144], [148], [162], [189], [193], [197], [206], [209], [213], [228], [233], [234];
joins Mr. Pike in expedition to the Barren Ground, [151].
Mackinlay, Mrs., [144].
Macleod, Fort, [266], [271], [277], [278].
Macleod's Lake, [231], [237], [254], [258], [259], [261], [266], [276], [291], [295];
Hudson's Bay Fort on it, [260].
Macleod's River, [266], [271], [273], [276].
MacMurray, Fort, [7];
Mr. Pike starts for it, [9];
reaches it, [11];
it is the most southerly post of the Athabasca district, [12];
it is near some natural tar deposits, [13].
Mandeville, François, the brother of Michel Mandeville, [225].
Mandeville, Michel, the interpreter at Fort Resolution, [146], [148], [151].
Mandeville, Moise, the brother of Michel Mandeville, who joins Mr. Pike, [151], [162], [168], [179], [183], [197];
is a good steersman, [198].

Maps, those of Mr. Pike are not very accurate, [vii].
Marble Island, [210].
Marlo, the brother of Zinto, [97], [102], [111], [114], [116], [134], [139], [168], [181], [190], [197].
Michel, a son-in-law of King Beaulieu, [33], [46], [61], [92], [93], [97], [104], [110], [130], [134], [139].
Misère, Point de, [67], [72], [78], [108].
Mission Island, [144], [228], [229], [230].
Moberley's Lake, [292], [294].
Moise, see Mandeville, Moise.
Montaignais dialect of Chipeweyan language, [26].
Moose Island, [144].
Mort, Lac de, [37], [92], [134].
Mouse chased for a caribou, [107].
Murdo, see Mackay, Murdo.
Muskeg country ends at the Point of Rocks, [27].
Musk-ox, [69], [70];
the object of Mr. Pike's journey, [v], [vi];
to be sought on the Barren Ground, [23];
the first killed, [69];
birds seen during the hunt for them, [68];
an expedition in search of them, [61] seq.;
a band of them, [113];
the method of slaughtering them is unpleasant, [116];
their horns described, [119];
a description of a hunt for them, [181]-[183];
they are said to understand the Yellow-knife language, [183];
advice to hunters of them, [300], [301].
Musk-ox, the giant, [81].
Musk-ox Lake, [185], [186], [187], [188], [194], [212], [214].
Musk-ox Mountain, [188];
it is the limit of the Yellow-knives' hunting-ground, [186].
Nation River, [291].
Nelson Fort, [156], [251].
New Year's Day, an occasion of trade, [139], [146].
Nile, the, [296].
Noel, an Indian, who joins Mr. Pike's expedition, [97], [111], [112], [115], [181], [190], [197], [205], [217].
Northern Packet, the, [150].
North-West Company, the, [14].
Old Wives' Lake, [296].
Omineca, [265], [291].
Orkney Island, [5].
Ottawa, [13], [244], [298].
Outram River, see Lockhart's River.
Pacific, Canadian Railway, [11], [271].
Pacific Coast, [209];
routes to, [231].
Pacific Ocean, [265].
Paradox gun, its uses, [137], [138].
Parsnip River, [260], [263], [266], [267], [270], [271], [276], [277], [291], [295]; its source, [265];
its method of freezing, [268].
Pat, a Sicannee, [258], [260], [266], [271], [272], [273], [274], [276], [277], [283], [286], [292], [293], [294], [295].
Paul, see Beaulieu, Paul.
Peace River, [4], [16], [155], [156], [209], [231], [237], [240], [242], [244], [245], [246], [248], [249], [251], [252], [253], [256], [265], [293], [294], [297];
one of the easiest northern waterways, [238];
farmers should not be tempted to it, [244]-[246];
gold-dust is found on its banks, [252].
Peace River, the Lower, [236].
Peace River Pass, [278], [285], [301].
Peel's River, a tributary of the Mackenzie, [20], [162].
Peel's River Fort, [208].
Peter, an Indian, who joined Mr. Pike's expedition, [97], [111], [115], [116].
Pike, Mr. Warburton: the object of his journey is to see the musk-ox, [v], [vi];
his conveyance and outfit, [1];
he starts from Calgary for Edmonton, the entrance of the Hudson's Bay Company's territory, [1];
his French half-breed driver, [2], [3];
he reaches Athabasca Landing and starts down the river, [4];
he reaches the island at the head of the Grand Rapids, [7];
he starts for MacMurray Fort, [9], and reaches it, [11];
he reaches Athabasca Lake, [13];
he starts for Fort Smith, on the Great Slave Lake, [16], and reaches it, [18];

he makes preparations for the actual journey to the Barren Ground, and engages the Beaulieu family as guides and servants, [19];
he leaves the Company's main route at Fort Resolution, [24];
he takes too few provisions, [25];
the details of his outfit, his fleet, and his companions, [25], [26];
he picks up a little of the Montaignais dialect, [26];
he encamps in the delta of the Slave River, [26], [27];
he reaches Fond du Lac, [31], where the women, children, and as much baggage as possible are left behind, [33];
he leaves the Great Slave Lake, and contemplates the country he has just left and that towards which he is journeying, [35];
he takes a new route and names new lakes, [36];
a good caribou hunt, [43] seq.;
he approaches the genuine Barren Ground, [46];
a chapter on the caribou, [47]-[60];
he makes an expedition from Lake Camsell in search of the musk-ox, [61];
he shoots his first musk-ox, [69], [70];
he concludes that it would be reckless to push further North, and turns back, [71];
he reaches Lake Camsell again, [76];
plans for the next musk-ox hunt, [79];
King Beaulieu's theories and anecdotes, [81]-[88];
a remarkable passage of the caribou, [89]-[91];
a visit of the chief Zinto and his followers, [93];
arrangements for the second musk-ox hunt, [96], [97];
he starts, [99];
his first winter camp in the Barren Ground, [101]-[104];
a description of the country, [105]-[110];
he is in difficulties for food, [110];
the musk-ox come in sight and are killed, [112]-[116];
the land of the musk-ox, [117];
another band of musk-ox killed, [118];
their horns described, [119];
the return road is lost in the snow, [122], but found the next morning, [123];
he reaches Lake Camsell again and goes on towards Fond du Lac, [128];
he visits Zinto's camp, [129] seq.;
he sleeps at Fond du Lac on his road to the Great Slave Lake, [139];
he is joined by more Indians, [140], [141];
he reaches Fort Resolution and comparative civilisation, [143];
some account of the Fort, [143]-[147];
he makes a small expedition for caribou with Mackinlay, [148];
he makes plans for a summer trip to the Barren Ground, [150] seq.;
he goes on a short buffalo hunt with Mackinlay, [154]-[162];
the difficulties in starting for the Barren Ground, [162], [163];
he leaves Fort Resolution, [164];
he leaves the great Slave Lake with Mackinlay and some of the Indians, [174];
a new method of hunting the musk-ox, [181];
he makes little expeditions, one with Capot Blanc, [187] seq.;
a division of the party before going further down the Great Fish River, [190];
Syene, the medicine man, prophesies, [191] seq.;
two of the Indians desert, [197];
he turns up-stream, [204];
he explores a new tributary, [205]-[208];
he leaves presents in a deserted Esquimaux camp, [209];
the return journey, [216]-[230];
he cannot stay long at Fort Resolution, and makes plans for his journey up-stream, to cross the Rocky Mountains, and if possible reach the Pacific, [231];
he decides between the routes and starts, [232];
he enters Athabasca Lake, [235];
he camps at Quatre Fourches, [237];
he turns westward up the Peace River, [238];
he reaches Vermillion Fort, [241];
his difficulties in getting a crew, [245] seq.;
he reaches Dunvegan, [249], and St. John's, [251];
he leaves the Cree-speaking belt and enters that of the Beaver Indians, [251];
his first glimpse of the Rockies, [252];
he reaches Hudson's Hope, [253];
he camps at the head of the Cañon, [258];
a change in the wind prevents his making use of sleighs, [259];
he begins a more detailed account of his winter in the Rockies, [260];
a dangerous journey to the Findlay Rapids, [263], [264];
a glance at his geographical position, [265];
he discovers that the road is lost, [272] seq.;
a search for food, [274];
he begins to retrace his way, [276];
his decision concerning the Indians who steal the rations, [284], [285];
he reaches Tom Barrow's house, [290];
he leaves Hudson's Hope for Edmonton, [295],
which he reaches during an election, [298];
he writes the last words in St. James's Street, giving advice to musk-ox hunters and longing for the Barren Ground, [299] seq.
Pierre, see Beaulieu, Pierre.
Pierre, Blind, see Fat, Pierre.
Pierre the Fool, [218], [219], [223], [224];
his description of the country east of Clinton Golden Lake, [223].
Pierre, an Indian boy, the son of little François, [159].
Pierre, Ile de, [141], [142], [166], [229];
a good spot for fishing, [27].
Pine River, [294].
Pine River Pass, [292].
Poplar Rapid, [262], [265], [287].
Portage, the Long, [12];
the work of portaging described, [17], [18].
"Prairie, the bald-headed," a term of the cattlemen, [2].
Proverb of the North, a, [267].
Ptarmigan plentiful, [44].
Ptarmigan Lake, [219].
Quatre Fourches, [16], [237].
Quesnelle, [231], [246], [250], [258], [271], [292].
Rabbit and lynx, their periodic decease, [293].
Rae, Dr., [vi].
Rae, Fort, [95], [148], [167],
a good starting-point for the Barren Ground, [299].
Raven, a superstition concerning the, [66].
Red-deer, the stream of, [2].
Reid, Mr., of Fort Province, told King Beaulieu that the earth went round the sun, [83].
Resolution, Fort, on the Great Slave Lake, the northern limit of the Athabasca district, [12], [22], [24], [50], [59], [97], [130], [150], [154], [163], [167], [185], [210], [225], [227], [228], [230], [232], [233];
Mr. Pike returns to it, [143];
its history and present life, [144], [145];
it is not perhaps the best starting-point for the Barren Ground, [300].
Richardson, [vi].
Riel, Louis, his rebellion, [83].
Rocher, Lac du, [38], [39], [63], [73], [91], [128];
it is a haunt of the caribou, [39];
trout are caught in it, [39];
its products and geological structure, [41], [42];
it is like the desert of Arnavatn in Iceland, [42].
Rocks, Point of, the end of the Muskeg country, [27].
Rocky Mountains, the, [v], [ix], [1], [143], [155], [209], [231], [237], [238], [241], [248], [250], [260], [265], [272], [281], [291], [294];
the first glimpse of, [252], [253];
Mr. Pike's attempt to cross them, [232]-[272].
Round, Mr., in charge of Dunvegan, [250].
Saint James's Street, [299].
Saint John, Fort, often called St. John's, [156], [249], [251], [252], [253], [294], [295].
Salt River, [19], [21].

Saltatha, an Indian who joins Mr. Pike's expedition, [97], [109], [111], [112], [114], [115], [120], [122], [123], [168], [171], [172], [193], [195], [197], [202], [203], [208], [217], [219], [226];
his energy, [105], [190];
his character, [115];
his illness and its cure by brandy, [211], [227];
his friendly parting with Mr. Pike, [232];
his answer to the priest concerning the beauties of heaven, [302].
Sandy Bay, [180], [275].
Saskatchewan River, [2], [4].
Shooting etiquette must be abandoned among the Indians, [159].
Sicannee fashion of burying, [269], [279].
Simpson, Fort, [230].
Simpson, Mr. Scott, in charge of river transport, [6].
Simpson, Sir G., [253].
Simpson's group of islands, [28].
Slave or Great Slave Lake, [vii], [13], [15], [16], [20], [21], [25], [36], [40], [41], [42], [44], [48], [50], [63], [68], [84], [85], [88], [131], [148], [155], [156], [172], [176], [178], [191], [213], [215], [218], [219], [221], [223], [225], [228], [242], [248], [300], [301];
Mr. Pike's journey on, finished, [34];
his last view of, [35];
the vegetation on its banks, [30], [31];
it is a charming place to live on, [232].
[There is a Lesser Slave Lake, see "Lesser.">[
Slave or Big River, [16], [26], [48], [142], [233], [238];
its rapids, [12];
described, [21];
its wild-fowl, [27].
[There is also a Little Slave River, see "Little.">[
Slavi language, [26].
Sleighs of the North described, [99]-[101].
Smith, Fort, in Athabasca district, [12], [21], [29], [48], [145], [156], [158], [161], [163], [231], [234], [236], [245];
Mr. Pike starts for it, [16];
the game near it, [18];
described, [18].
Smoking, the Company's compressed tea not recommended, [136].
Smoky River, a tributary of the Peace, [249], [295], [296].
Snow, called le couvert du bon Dieu by Beaulieu, [62];
prevents the Indians from finding their way, [122].
Snow-blindness, its cause and cures, [175].
Stars, supposed to be brought out by the cry Hi hi he, Ho hi he, [123].
Stewart, Mr., [vi], [36], [63], [171], [184], [195].
Sunday wash, the, [79].
Superstitions, concerning the caribou, [59];
and miracles, [133].
Syene, an Indian medicine man, [152], [168], [222];
he prophesies, [191], [192].
Syene, Mrs., assists at the prophesying, [191].
Tête Jaune Pass, [293].
Tête Noire's House, [166].
Thomas, an Indian, the brother of Zinto, [141];
he is a good guide, [142].
Tobacco, is missed more than tea, [120], [121];
the various kinds in use among the Indians, [31];
it may be made from Cannicannick berry, [31].

Vermillion, Fort, in Athabasca district, [12], [156], [236], [238], [240], [241], [242], [247], [248], [249];
described, [241]-[244].
Walls of meat, as in a fairy tale, [76], [77].
Whisky Jack, the ways of the, [134], [135].
William, an Indian who joined Mr. Pike's expedition, [97], [111], [112], [114].
Willows pulled up for firewood, [121].
Wilson, Mr., of Vermillion Fort, [245], [246].
Winnipeg, [vii], [11], [144], [214], [296].
Wolves and wolverines, [57], [89];
their ways of stealing, [45], [128];
they hunt the caribou, [56], [57].
Women, given the heaviest loads, [38];
their hard work and usefulness, [81];
they are treated better by half-breeds than by Indians, [82].
Wood, Mr., in charge of the Athabasca landing, [5].
Wrangel Fort, [231].
Wrigley, the, a steamer on the Mackenzie, [10], [19], [231], [233];
her make and work, [20].
Yellow-knife river, [36], [63].
Yellow-knife tribe, [32], [37], [48], [53], [60], [66], [72], [85], [86], [92], [95], [96], [115], [152], [195], [202], [211], [214];
their etiquette in hunts, [111];
their encampment, [131] seq.;
the kind of husband most desired among them, [133];
their dancing, [147], [148];
their gambling with the Dog-Ribs, [167];
their stupidity and cowardice outside their own country, [197];
their language, [213];
they are less amenable than the Dog-Ribs, [300].
York Boat, its peculiarities, [228], [229].
York factory, [50].
Zinto, a chief of the Yellow-knives, [96], [97], [129], [130];
his visit to Mr. Pike and his speech, [93]-[95];
his camp and people, [129]-[134];
he makes promises of help, [152], [153];
but does not fulfil them, [163], [164], [167].

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