CLASSIFICATION OF PREHISTORIC ARTIFACTS, MADE BY THE COMMITTEE ON NOMENCLATURE

ARTICLES IN STONE

Chipped Stone

I. Knives and projectile points. Larger—5 cm. (2 inches) or more in length. Smaller—less than 5 cm. (2 inches) in length. Types.

1. Without stem.

(A) Without secondary chipping (flakes). (B) With secondary chipping.

(a) Pointed. (a´) At one end. Base concave. Base straight. Base convex. Sides convex. One side convex, one side straight. (b) Ends convex. (b´) At both ends. (c) More or less circular.

(A) Stem expanding from base—with or without barbing.

(a) Base concave. (b) Base straight. (c) Base convex.

1. With one or more scraping edges. 2. Without or with notch (including circular.)

1. Cross-section.

(A) Round. (B) Quadrangular or irregular.

(A) Without stem. (B) With stem.

(a) Stem expanding gradually. (b) Stem expanding suddenly.

1. Spheroidal. 2. Discoidal (a) “Pitted.”

(b) Not “pitted.”

(b) Not grooved.

Ground Stone

1. Laminæ (i. e., flat “spuds,” “gorgets,” and pendants.) Types.

(A) Spade-shaped. (B) Ovate.

(a) Sides concave (not common). (b) Sides straight. (c) Sides convex.

(a) Sides concave. (b) Sides straight. (c) Sides convex.

(a) Celt-shaped. (b) Rectangular. (c) Oval or circular.

(A) Animal-shaped stones. (B) Boat-shaped stones. (C) Bar-shaped stones.

(a) Longer, resembling true “bars.” (b) Shorter, “ridged” or “expanded gorgets.”

(a) Spheres. (b) Hemispheres. (c) Crescents. (d) Cones.

(A) Wings with constant rate of change of width.

(a) Wings expanding from perforation. (b) Wings with sides parallel. (c) Wings contracting from perforation.

Fig. 22. Indians quarrying and hammering quartzite boulders. From 15th Annual Report, Bureau of Ethnology. Designed by Holmes.

Fig. 23. Direct percussion. Manner of striking where the edge is sharp.