TABLES.
Table 1.—Classification of the first generation of offspring in the plus selection series. At the head of each column is indicated the grade of the individuals recorded in that column. The figures in the body of the table indicate the numbers of offspring of the several grades indicated.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| +1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | ||||
| 1⅞ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 1.82 | .05 | ||
| 2 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 18 | 1.76 | .24 | ||
| 2⅛ | ||||||||||||
| 2¼ | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 20 | 1.87 | .38 | |
| 2⅜ | ||||||||||||
| 2½ | 5 | 3 | 1 | 13 | 1 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 37 | 2.06 | .44 | |
| 2⅝ | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 2.15 | .47 | |||||
| 2¾ | 7 | 3 | 2 | 17 | 1 | 12 | 9 | 51 | 2.12 | .63 | ||
| 2⅞ | ||||||||||||
| 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 12 | 2.35 | .65 | ||||
| Totals or means, 2.51 | 20 | 3 | 13 | 8 | 44 | 7 | 31 | 10 | 4 | 150 | 2.05 | .46 |
Table 2.—Classification of offspring in generation 2, plus selection series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -1 | -¾ | -½ | -¼ | 0 | +¼ | ½ | ¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | ||||
| 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 3 | 7 | 8 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 46 | 1.70 | .30 | |||||||
| 2⅛ | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 56 | 1.28 | .82 | ||||||
| 2¼ | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 1.87 | .38 | ||||||||||||||
| 2⅜ | 1 | 1 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 45 | 1.92 | .45 | |||||||||||
| 2½ | 4 | 22 | 16 | 19 | 11 | 21 | 13 | 7 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 133 | 1.80 | .70 | |||||||||
| 2⅝ | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 44 | 2.11 | .51 | |||||||||
| 2¾ | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 5 | 9 | 6 | 9 | 6 | 1 | 52 | 1.92 | .83 | |||||||||
| 2⅞ | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 9 | 1 | 23 | 2.41 | .46 | |||||||||||||
| 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 14 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 11 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 59 | 2.47 | .53 | ||||||||
| 3½ | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 2.50 | .62 | |||||||||||||||||
| Totals or means, 2.52 | 1 | - | 2 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 16 | 45 | 37 | 45 | 45 | 77 | 57 | 44 | 48 | 30 | 9 | 3 | 1 | 471 | 1.92 | .60 |
Table 3.—Classification of offspring in generation 3, plus selection series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | 4 | ||||
| 2⅛ | 1 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 21 | 2.06 | .06 | |||||||
| 2¼ | |||||||||||||||||
| 2⅜ | 5 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 17 | 2.15 | .22 | |||||||||
| 2½ | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 54 | 2.32 | .18 | |||
| 2⅝ | 2 | 1 | 3 | 9 | 4 | 5 | 15 | 18 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 64 | 2.64 | -.02 | ||
| 2¾ | 2 | 1 | 7 | 10 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 43 | 2.46 | .29 | |||||
| 2⅞ | 1 | 7 | 3 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 47 | 2.70 | .17 | ||||||
| 3 | 2 | 1 | 12 | 14 | 11 | 17 | 11 | 3 | 71 | 2.49 | .51 | ||||||
| 3⅛ | 2 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 10 | 3.07 | .05 | ||||||||||
| 3¼ | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 3.17 | .08 | ||||||||||
| 3⅜ | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 8 | 2.91 | .46 | ||||||||||
| Totals or means, 2.73 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 8 | 20 | 51 | 46 | 47 | 66 | 63 | 21 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 341 | 2.51 | .22 |
Table 4.—Classification of offspring, generation 4, plus selection series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | ||||
| 2½ | 2 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 11 | 2.55 | .05 | |||||||||
| 2⅝ | ||||||||||||||||
| 2¾ | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 18 | 2.65 | .10 | |||||||
| 2⅞ | 1 | 3 | 3 | 7 | 15 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 37 | 2.97 | .10 | |||||
| 3 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 12 | 25 | 19 | 35 | 29 | 9 | 4 | 1 | 143 | 2.60 | .40 | ||
| 3⅛ | 1 | 2 | 11 | 14 | 21 | 28 | 30 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 122 | 2.69 | .43 | |||
| 3¼ | 1 | 1 | 6 | 8 | 13 | 17 | 9 | 8 | 1 | 64 | 2.89 | .36 | ||||
| 3⅜ | 1 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 9 | 2 | 23 | 2.70 | .67 | |||||||
| 3½ | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 20 | 3.02 | .48 | ||||||
| 3⅝ | ||||||||||||||||
| 3¾ | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 2.75 | 1.00 | |||||||||
| Totals or means, 3.09 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 12 | 30 | 60 | 58 | 96 | 110 | 45 | 19 | 9 | 444 | 2.73 | .36 |
Table 5.—Classification of generation 5, plus selection series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | 4 | 4¼ | ||||
| 2¾ | 1 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 12 | 3.00 | -.25 | ||||||||||
| 2⅞ | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 21 | 2.87 | 0 | ||||||||
| 3 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 15 | 2.81 | .19 | |||||||||
| 3⅛ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 9 | 14 | 20 | 29 | 18 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 114 | 2.81 | .31 | ||
| 3¼ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 12 | 6 | 14 | 24 | 39 | 27 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 138 | 2.81 | .44 | ||
| 3⅜ | 1 | 1 | 5 | 14 | 11 | 25 | 36 | 28 | 15 | 7 | 2 | 145 | 2.94 | .43 | ||||
| 3½ | 6 | 5 | 10 | 14 | 16 | 8 | 8 | 3 | 69 | 2.86 | .64 | |||||||
| 3⅝ | 3 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 16 | 12 | 11 | 4 | 3 | 64 | 3.08 | .54 | ||||||
| 3¾ | 2 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 14 | 3.07 | .68 | |||||||||
| 3⅞ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 8 | 3.35 | .52 | |||||||||
| 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 7 | 3.36 | .64 | |||||||||
| 4⅛ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3.00 | 1.12 | ||||||||||||
| Totals or means, 3.33 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 35 | 44 | 66 | 101 | 151 | 107 | 57 | 24 | 11 | 1 | 610 | 2.90 | .43 |
Table 6.—Classification of generation 6, plus selection series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | 4 | 4¼ | 4½ | ||||
| 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||
| 3⅛ | 3 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 28 | 2.84 | .28 | |||||
| 3¼ | 1 | 3 | 3 | 8 | 26 | 31 | 31 | 24 | 15 | 1 | 143 | 3.10 | .15 | |||
| 3⅜ | 1 | 5 | 6 | 13 | 20 | 28 | 30 | 14 | 5 | 123 | 2.96 | .41 | ||||
| 3½ | 1 | 9 | 4 | 15 | 29 | 49 | 41 | 43 | 17 | 4 | 212 | 3.10 | .40 | |||
| 3⅝ | 4 | 8 | 11 | 24 | 34 | 36 | 37 | 21 | 5 | 1 | 181 | 3.16 | .46 | |||
| 3¾ | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 18 | 13 | 20 | 13 | 2 | 78 | 3.22 | .53 | ||
| 3⅞ | 4 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 14 | 15 | 20 | 14 | 4 | 80 | 3.26 | .61 | ||||
| 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 14 | 3.41 | .59 | |||||||
| Totals or means, 3.52 | 3 | 5 | 32 | 24 | 54 | 113 | 183 | 172 | 166 | 90 | 17 | 1 | 861 | 3.11 | .41 | |
Table 7.—Classification of generation 7, plus selection series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | 4 | 4¼ | 4½ | 4¾ | ||||
| 3⅛ | 2 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 28 | 2.87 | .25 | ||||||
| 3¼ | 1 | 6 | 11 | 7 | 11 | 30 | 19 | 22 | 23 | 1 | 131 | 3.09 | .16 | ||||
| 3⅜ | 1 | 2 | 10 | 18 | 17 | 21 | 27 | 18 | 21 | 20 | 4 | 1 | 160 | 2.97 | .40 | ||
| 3½ | 6 | 9 | 9 | 21 | 31 | 28 | 35 | 34 | 3 | 1 | 177 | 3.18 | .32 | ||||
| 3⅝ | 7 | 11 | 13 | 26 | 47 | 53 | 75 | 49 | 7 | 1 | 289 | 3.23 | .39 | ||||
| 3¾ | 2 | 3 | 3 | 16 | 28 | 25 | 58 | 42 | 4 | 3 | 184 | 3.35 | .40 | ||||
| 3⅞ | 2 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 10 | 12 | 23 | 21 | 6 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 90 | 3.49 | .38 | ||
| 4 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 15 | 3.53 | .47 | |||||||
| 4⅛ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3.75 | .50 | |||||||||||
| Totals or means, 3.56 | 2 | 2 | 35 | 55 | 56 | 105 | 183 | 159 | 240 | 195 | 29 | 12 | 2 | 2 | 1077 | 3.20 | .36 |
Table 8.—Classification of generation 8, plus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | 4 | 4¼ | 4½ | ||||
| 3¼ | 2 | 2 | 4 | 3.25 | 0 | ||||||||||
| 3⅜ | |||||||||||||||
| 3½ | 1 | 4 | 6 | 9 | 18 | 17 | 2 | 2 | 59 | 3.46 | .04 | ||||
| 3⅝ | 1 | 2 | 9 | 13 | 30 | 69 | 44 | 144 | 149 | 22 | 1 | 484 | 3.50 | .12 | |
| 3¾ | 2 | 1 | 9 | 12 | 55 | 39 | 152 | 173 | 23 | 2 | 469 | 3.49 | .26 | ||
| 3⅞ | 1 | 2 | 4 | 23 | 18 | 98 | 69 | 19 | 2 | 1 | 238 | 3.53 | .34 | ||
| 4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 10 | 6 | 34 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 64 | 3.31 | .69 | |||
| 4⅛ | 2 | 5 | 2 | 14 | 13 | 14 | 10 | 60 | 3.72 | .40 | |||||
| 4¼ | 1 | 7 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 22 | 3.69 | .56 | |||||||
| 4⅜ | 2 | 5 | 1 | 8 | 3.96 | .41 | |||||||||
| Totals or means, 3.75 | 1 | 5 | 13 | 25 | 55 | 170 | 119 | 469 | 440 | 88 | 20 | 1 | 1408 | 3.48 | .27 |
Table 9.—Classification of generation 9, plus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | 4 | 4¼ | 4½ | ||||
| 3½ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3.25 | .25 | ||||||||
| 3⅝ | 1 | 1 | 6 | 12 | 28 | 26 | 96 | 63 | 10 | 1 | 244 | 3.43 | .19 | ||
| 3¾ | 1 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 19 | 45 | 50 | 224 | 212 | 25 | 2 | 591 | 3.50 | .25 | |
| 3⅞ | 2 | 5 | 25 | 32 | 105 | 177 | 64 | 8 | 6 | 424 | 3.65 | .22 | |||
| 4 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 14 | 15 | 7 | 1 | 45 | 3.57 | .43 | |||||
| 4⅛ | 2 | 4 | 1 | 7 | 3.57 | .55 | |||||||||
| 4¼ | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 3.75 | .50 | |||||||||
| 4⅜ | 3 | 3 | 3.50 | .87 | |||||||||||
| Totals or means, 3.78 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 17 | 38 | 105 | 110 | 443 | 473 | 109 | 11 | 7 | 1322 | 3.54 | .24 |
Table 10.—Classification of generation 10, plus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | 4 | 4¼ | 4½ | 5 | ||||
| 3¾ | 1 | 1 | 9 | 13 | 63 | 117 | 44 | 8 | 1 | 257 | 3.69 | .06 | ||
| 3⅞ | 1 | 3 | 3 | 16 | 95 | 142 | 62 | 20 | 5 | 347 | 3.72 | .15 | ||
| 4 | 4 | 26 | 61 | 20 | 7 | 2 | 120 | 3.76 | .24 | |||||
| 4⅛ | 11 | 17 | 7 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 44 | 3.87 | .25 | |||||
| 4¼ | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 3.84 | .41 | |||||||
| Totals or means, 3.88 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 12 | 33 | 196 | 341 | 135 | 42 | 9 | 2 | 776 | 3.73 | .15 |
Table 11.—Classification of generation 11, plus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | 4 | 4¼ | 4½ | 4¾ | 5 | ||||
| 3¾ | 2 | 7 | 2 | 11 | 3.75 | 0 | |||||||
| 3⅞ | 2 | 7 | 17 | 87 | 162 | 41 | 11 | 3 | 3 | 333 | 3.70 | .17 | |
| 4 | 3 | 2 | 25 | 87 | 65 | 24 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 214 | 3.87 | .13 | |
| 4⅛ | 3 | 3 | 16 | 49 | 27 | 8 | 2 | 2 | 110 | 3.81 | .31 | ||
| 4¼ | 2 | 13 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 25 | 3.91 | .34 | ||||
| 4⅜ | 1 | 3 | 4 | 3.94 | .43 | ||||||||
| Totals or means, 3.97 | 2 | 13 | 22 | 132 | 319 | 143 | 46 | 12 | 7 | 1 | 697 | 3.78 | .19 |
Table 12.—Classification of generation 12, plus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2½ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | 4 | 4¼ | 4½ | 4¾ | 5 | 5¼ | ||||
| 3¾ | 4 | 20 | 7 | 4 | 35 | 3.83 | -.08 | |||||||
| 3⅞ | 2 | 19 | 17 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 48 | 3.96 | .09 | |||||
| 4 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 53 | 59 | 12 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 145 | 3.93 | .07 | |
| 4⅛ | 1 | 2 | 17 | 86 | 83 | 28 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 227 | 3.91 | .21 | ||
| 4¼ | 1 | 7 | 19 | 29 | 11 | 3 | 1 | 71 | 3.94 | .31 | ||||
| 4⅜ | 3 | 6 | 14 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 45 | 4.13 | .24 | |||
| 4½ | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 4.14 | .36 | |||||||
| 4⅝ | 1 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 11 | 3.90 | .72 | |||||||
| 5 | 1 | 1 | 4.75 | .25 | ||||||||||
| Totals or means, 4.09 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 43 | 207 | 217 | 75 | 23 | 11 | 4 | 3 | 590 | 3.94 | .17 |
Table 13.—Classification of generation 13, plus selection series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2¾ | 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | 4 | 4¼ | 4½ | 4¾ | ||||
| 4 | 4 | 17 | 23 | 19 | 2 | 65 | 3.67 | .31 | |||
| 4⅛ | 1 | 8 | 16 | 5 | 1 | 31 | 3.97 | .15 | |||
| 4¼ | 1 | 5 | 10 | 20 | 6 | 1 | 43 | 3.93 | .32 | ||
| 4⅜ | 1 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 10 | 3.85 | .52 | ||||
| 4½ | 1 | 14 | 15 | 7 | 3 | 40 | 3.98 | .52 | |||
| 4⅝ | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 3.95 | .80 | |||||
| Totals or means, 4.22 | 1 | 4 | 25 | 63 | 74 | 21 | 5 | 1 | 194 | 3.88 | .34 |
Table 14.—Summary of the results of thirteen generations of plus selection based on Tables 1-13.
| Generation. | No. of offspring. | Mean, parents. | Mean, offspring. | Standard deviation, parents. | Standard deviation, offspring. | Correlation, parents-offspring. | Absolute regression of offspring on parents. | Advance of parents. | Advance of offspring. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 150 | 2.51 | 2.05 | .313 | .541 | .298 | .46 | ||
| 2 | 471 | 2.52 | 1.92 | .307 | .732 | .317 | .60 | .01 | -.13 |
| 3 | 341 | 2.73 | 2.51 | .285 | .531 | .331 | .22 | .21 | .59 |
| 4 | 444 | 3.09 | 2.73 | .215 | .468 | .066 | .36 | .36 | .22 |
| 5 | 610 | 3.33 | 2.90 | .240 | .505 | .160 | .43 | .24 | .17 |
| 6 | 861 | 3.52 | 3.11 | .209 | .490 | .180 | .41 | .19 | .21 |
| 7 | 1,077 | 3.56 | 3.20 | .212 | .555 | .215 | .36 | .04 | .09 |
| 8 | 1,408 | 3.75 | 3.48 | .246 | .439 | .099 | .27 | .19 | .28 |
| 9 | 1,322 | 3.78 | 3.54 | .112 | .346 | .210 | .24 | .03 | .06 |
| 10 | 776 | 3.88 | 3.73 | .112 | .362 | .116 | .15 | .10 | .19 |
| 11 | 697 | 3.98 | 3.78 | .113 | .289 | .233 | .20 | .10 | .05 |
| 12 | 590 | 4.09 | 3.94 | .176 | .302 | .161 | .15 | .11 | .16 |
| 13 | 194 | 4.22 | 3.88 | .433 | .270 | .132 | .34 | .13 | -.06 |
| Total | 8,941 |
Table 15.—Mean grade and number of offspring produced by parents of a particular grade in each generation of the plus selection series, based on Tables 1-13. The grade of the parents is indicated at the head of each column. In the body of the table is recorded the grade of the offspring (in light-faced figures) and the number of offspring (in heavy-faced figures).
| Generation. | Grade of parents; below, grade and number of their offspring. | Total number of offspring. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 2⅛ | 2¼ | 2⅜ | 2½ | 2⅝ | 2¾ | 2⅞ | 3 | 3⅛ | 3¼ | 3⅜ | 3½ | 3⅝ | 3¾ | 3⅞ | 4 | 4⅛ | 4¼ | 4⅜ | 4½ | 4⅝ | 4¾ | ||
| 1 | 1.76 | 1.87 | 2.06 | 2.15 | 2.12 | 2.35 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 18 | 20 | 37 | 5 | 51 | 12 | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2 | 1.70 | 1.28 | 1.87 | 1.92 | 1.80 | 2.11 | 1.92 | 2.41 | 2.47 | 2.50 | ||||||||||||||
| 46 | 56 | 8 | 45 | 133 | 44 | 52 | 23 | 59 | 5 | |||||||||||||||
| 3 | 2.06 | 2.15 | 2.32 | 2.63 | 2.46 | 2.70 | 2.49 | 3.07 | 3.17 | 2.91 | ||||||||||||||
| 21 | 17 | 54 | 64 | 43 | 47 | 71 | 10 | 6 | 8 | |||||||||||||||
| 4 | 2.55 | 2.65 | 2.97 | 2.60 | 2.69 | 2.89 | 2.70 | 3.02 | 2.75 | |||||||||||||||
| 11 | 18 | 37 | 143 | 122 | 64 | 23 | 20 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||
| 5 | 3.00 | 2.87 | 2.81 | 2.81 | 2.81 | 2.94 | 2.87 | 3.08 | 3.07 | 3.35 | 3.36 | 3.00 | ||||||||||||
| 12 | 21 | 15 | 114 | 138 | 145 | 69 | 64 | 14 | 8 | 7 | 3 | |||||||||||||
| 6 | 3.25 | 2.84 | 3.10 | 2.96 | 3.10 | 3.16 | 3.22 | 3.26 | 3.41 | |||||||||||||||
| 2 | 28 | 143 | 123 | 212 | 181 | 78 | 80 | 14 | ||||||||||||||||
| 7 | 2.87 | 3.09 | 2.97 | 3.18 | 3.23 | 3.35 | 3.49 | 3.53 | 3.75 | |||||||||||||||
| 28 | 131 | 160 | 177 | 289 | 184 | 90 | 15 | 3 | 1,077 | |||||||||||||||
| 8 | 3.46 | 3.50 | 3.49 | 3.53 | 3.31 | 3.72 | 3.69 | 3.96 | ||||||||||||||||
| 59 | 484 | 469 | 238 | 64 | 60 | 22 | 8 | 1,408 | ||||||||||||||||
| 9 | 3.25 | 3.43 | 3.50 | 3.65 | 3.57 | 3.57 | 3.75 | 3.50 | ||||||||||||||||
| 4 | 244 | 591 | 424 | 45 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 1,322 | ||||||||||||||||
| 10 | 3.69 | 3.72 | 3.76 | 3.87 | 3.84 | |||||||||||||||||||
| 257 | 347 | 120 | 44 | 8 | 776 | |||||||||||||||||||
| 11 | 3.75 | 3.70 | 3.87 | 3.81 | 3.91 | 3.94 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 11 | 333 | 214 | 110 | 25 | 4 | 697 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 12 | 3.82 | 3.96 | 3.93 | 3.91 | 3.94 | 4.12 | 4.14 | 3.90 | 4.75 | |||||||||||||||
| 35 | 48 | 145 | 227 | 71 | 45 | 7 | 11 | 1 | 590 | |||||||||||||||
| 13 | 3.67 | 3.97 | 3.93 | 3.85 | 3.98 | 3.95 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 65 | 31 | 43 | 10 | 40 | 5 | 194 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 8,941 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Table 16.—Classification of the offspring in generation 1 of the minus selection series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| +¼ | 0 | ¼ | ½ | ¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | ||||
| -1¼ | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 8 | 1.34 | -.09 | ||||||
| 1⅜ | 1 | 1 | 3 | 12 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 31 | .86 | .51 | |
| 1½ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 1.37 | .13 | ||||
| 1⅞ | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 10 | 1.05 | .82 | ||||
| Totals or means, 1.46 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 15 | 13 | 4 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 55 | 1.00 | .46 |
Table 17.—Classification of generation 2, minus selection series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| +½ | 0 | -¼ | ½ | ¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | ||||
| ¾ | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 19 | 1.04 | -.29 | ||
| 1⅛ | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 12 | 1.05 | .07 | ||||
| 1¼ | 4 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 17 | 1.18 | .07 | |||||
| 1⅜ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 1.45 | -.08 | ||||||
| 1½ | 1 | 10 | 13 | 1 | 8 | 4 | 37 | 1.11 | .39 | ||||
| 1⅝ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | .67 | .95 | |||||||
| 1¾ | 1 | 1 | 2 | 14 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 27 | 1.09 | .66 | ||
| 1⅞ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 12 | 1.10 | .77 | |||
| Totals or means, 1.41 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 20 | 44 | 13 | 19 | 14 | 5 | 132 | 1.07 | .34 |
Table 18.—Classification of generation 3, minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | -¼ | ½ | ¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | ||||
| -1⅛ | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | .85 | .27 | |||||
| 1¼ | 1 | 3 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 20 | 1.05 | .20 | |
| 1⅜ | 1 | 3 | 4 | 11 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 28 | 1.03 | .34 | ||
| 1½ | 1 | 1 | 12 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 28 | 1.31 | .19 | ||
| 1⅝ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 10 | 5 | 8 | 8 | 4 | 48 | 1.22 | .40 |
| 1¾ | 1 | 2 | 8 | 19 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 63 | 1.26 | .49 | |
| 1⅞ | 3 | 3 | 1.00 | .87 | ||||||||
| Totals or means, 1.56 | 1 | 4 | 12 | 30 | 61 | 19 | 29 | 23 | 16 | 195 | 1.18 | .38 |
Table 19.—Classification of generation 4, minus selection series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| +½ | +¼ | 0 | -¼ | ½ | ¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | ||||
| -1¼ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1.56 | -.31 | ||||||||
| 1⅜ | 2 | 3 | 4 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 29 | 1.16 | .21 | ||||
| 1½ | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 8 | 16 | 8 | 59 | 1.31 | .19 | ||
| 1⅝ | 1 | 4 | 10 | 4 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 40 | 1.36 | .26 | |||||
| 1¾ | 4 | 4 | 6 | 19 | 11 | 16 | 22 | 11 | 93 | 1.34 | .41 | ||||
| 1⅞ | 2 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 1 | 10 | 19 | 12 | 17 | 19 | 5 | 1 | 95 | 1.18 | .69 |
| 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 1.36 | .64 | |||||||
| Totals or means, 1.69 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 16 | 10 | 32 | 66 | 39 | 51 | 68 | 39 | 1 | 329 | 1.28 | .41 |
Table 20.—Classification of generation 5, minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | -¼ | ½ | ¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | ||||
| ⅞ | 2 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 20 | 1.09 | -.22 | ||||
| 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | .99 | .01 | ||||||||
| 1⅜ | 4 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 10 | 14 | 11 | 2 | 51 | 1.50 | -.13 | ||
| 1½ | 1 | 3 | 9 | 9 | 11 | 7 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 53 | 1.25 | .25 | ||
| 1⅝ | 1 | 1 | 5 | 12 | 4 | 15 | 12 | 4 | 54 | 1.35 | .27 | |||
| 1¾ | 9 | 14 | 29 | 50 | 30 | 50 | 55 | 24 | 1 | 262 | 1.30 | .45 | ||
| 1⅞ | 4 | 11 | 12 | 29 | 50 | 31 | 6 | 143 | 1.64 | .23 | ||||
| 2 | 1 | 2 | 11 | 14 | 5 | 19 | 28 | 25 | 4 | 109 | 1.52 | .48 | ||
| 2⅛ | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 1.80 | .32 | ||||||||
| Totals or means, 1.73 | 3 | 18 | 21 | 63 | 108 | 64 | 134 | 172 | 104 | 13 | 1 | 701 | 1.41 | .32 |
Table 21.—Classification of generation 6, minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | -¼ | ½ | ¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | ||||
| -1⅛ | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 5 | .85 | .27 | |||||||
| 1⅜ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1.44 | -.07 | |||||||
| 1½ | 1 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 24 | 1.34 | .16 | ||||
| 1⅝ | 1 | 1 | 11 | 16 | 3 | 17 | 28 | 17 | 94 | 1.45 | .17 | |||
| 1¾ | 1 | 1 | 8 | 14 | 39 | 20 | 39 | 77 | 43 | 2 | 244 | 1.49 | .26 | |
| 1⅞ | 1 | 9 | 24 | 61 | 40 | 71 | 156 | 127 | 12 | 1 | 502 | 1.59 | .28 | |
| 2 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 12 | 32 | 22 | 37 | 89 | 76 | 5 | 1 | 283 | 1.58 | .42 |
| 2⅛ | 2 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 35 | 31 | 4 | 85 | 1.52 | .60 | ||||
| 2½ | 2 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 11 | 1.82 | .68 | |||||||
| Totals or means, 1.86 | 3 | 6 | 25 | 66 | 159 | 94 | 177 | 396 | 300 | 22 | 4 | 1252 | 1.56 | .30 |
Table 22.—Classification of generation 7, minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | ¼ | ½ | ¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | ||||
| 1⅝ | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 1.55 | .07 | ||||||||
| 1¾ | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 11 | 9 | 1 | 32 | 1.67 | .08 | ||||
| 1⅞ | 2 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 35 | 20 | 47 | 99 | 106 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 330 | 1.65 | .22 |
| 2 | 8 | 14 | 51 | 60 | 119 | 368 | 324 | 22 | 3 | 969 | 1.72 | .28 | |||
| 2⅛ | 1 | 2 | 3 | 14 | 10 | 30 | 92 | 104 | 4 | 260 | 1.74 | .38 | |||
| 2¼ | 5 | 10 | 19 | 6 | 1 | 41 | 1.93 | .32 | |||||||
| 2⅜ | 2 | 2 | 4 | 1.63 | .74 | ||||||||||
| 2½ | 1 | 4 | 10 | 15 | 1.88 | .62 | |||||||||
| 2⅝ | 1 | 3 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 18 | 2.28 | .09 | |||||||
| 2¾ | 3 | 3 | 6 | 1.87 | .88 | ||||||||||
| Totals or means, 2.01 | 2 | 2 | 17 | 24 | 101 | 92 | 211 | 594 | 584 | 43 | 8 | 2 | 1680 | 1.73 | .28 |
Table 23.—Classification of generation 8, minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | ½ | ¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | ||||
| 1⅞ | 1 | 9 | 8 | 1 | 19 | 1.84 | .03 | |||||||
| 2 | 6 | 8 | 38 | 22 | 122 | 550 | 423 | 21 | 9 | 3 | 1202 | 1.81 | .19 | |
| 2⅛ | 1 | 3 | 12 | 7 | 31 | 118 | 187 | 32 | 2 | 3 | 396 | 1.86 | .26 | |
| 2¼ | 1 | 2 | 19 | 20 | 3 | 45 | 1.87 | .38 | ||||||
| 2⅜ | 1 | 1 | 11 | 17 | 30 | 1.87 | .50 | |||||||
| 2½ | 3 | 6 | 15 | 4 | 28 | 1.93 | .57 | |||||||
| 2⅝ | 3 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 1.67 | .95 | ||||||||
| Totals or means, 2.05 | 1 | 6 | 11 | 52 | 30 | 162 | 715 | 671 | 61 | 11 | 6 | 1726 | 1.80 | .25 |
Table 24.—Classification of generation 9, minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ½ | ¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | ||||
| 2 | 1 | 13 | 4 | 36 | 268 | 420 | 55 | 10 | 4 | 811 | 1.90 | .10 | |
| 2⅛ | 1 | 1 | 25 | 110 | 218 | 40 | 7 | 1 | 403 | 1.93 | .19 | ||
| 2¼ | 1 | 1 | 7 | 43 | 77 | 12 | 6 | 1 | 148 | 1.93 | .32 | ||
| 2⅜ | 1 | 1 | 7 | 61 | 89 | 12 | 4 | 175 | 1.91 | .46 | |||
| 2½ | 1 | 2 | 6 | 23 | 14 | 5 | 2 | 53 | 2.07 | .43 | |||
| 2⅝ | 1 | 1 | 2.00 | .62 | |||||||||
| Totals or means, 2.11 | 1 | 1 | 16 | 7 | 77 | 488 | 828 | 133 | 32 | 8 | 1591 | 1.92 | .19 |
Table 25.—Classification of generation 10, minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | ||||
| 2 | 1 | 2 | 13 | 120 | 287 | 43 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 478 | 1.96 | .04 |
| 2⅛ | 2 | 1 | 15 | 100 | 251 | 78 | 22 | 4 | 1 | 474 | 2.00 | .12 | |
| 2¼ | 5 | 45 | 92 | 58 | 13 | 4 | 217 | 2.05 | .20 | ||||
| 2⅜ | 1 | 4 | 16 | 60 | 29 | 6 | 3 | 119 | 2.05 | .32 | |||
| 2½ | 9 | 27 | 19 | 10 | 2 | 67 | 2.13 | .37 | |||||
| 2⅝ | 1 | 5 | 17 | 17 | 8 | 1 | 49 | 2.15 | .47 | ||||
| 2¾ | 1 | 1 | 8 | 10 | 6 | 1 | 27 | 1.95 | .80 | ||||
| 2⅞ | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 20 | 2.19 | .68 | |||
| Totals or means, 2.18 | 3 | 6 | 40 | 305 | 747 | 256 | 72 | 17 | 3 | 2 | 1451 | 2.01 | .17 |
Table 26.—Classification of generation 11, minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | ||||
| 2 | 7 | 26 | 14 | 3 | 1 | 51 | 2.08 | .08 | ||||||
| 2⅛ | 4 | 20 | 75 | 45 | 26 | 12 | 1 | 183 | 2.15 | -.03 | ||||
| 2¼ | 1 | 12 | 49 | 111 | 76 | 50 | 13 | 6 | 318 | 2.13 | .12 | |||
| 2⅜ | 2 | 1 | 4 | 24 | 112 | 66 | 33 | 20 | 4 | 2 | 268 | 2.16 | .21 | |
| 2½ | 1 | 4 | 32 | 21 | 16 | 7 | 81 | 2.21 | .29 | |||||
| 2⅝ | 1 | 3 | 18 | 15 | 11 | 4 | 52 | 2.20 | .42 | |||||
| 2¾ | 1 | 4 | 9 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 26 | 2.26 | .49 | ||
| 2⅞ | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 1.95 | .92 | ||||||||
| Totals or means, 2.30 | 3 | 2 | 22 | 113 | 385 | 242 | 142 | 57 | 12 | 5 | 1 | 984 | 2.15 | .15 |
Table 27.—Classification of generation 12, minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | ||||
| 2 | 2 | 7 | 1 | 10 | 1.98 | .02 | |||||||
| 2⅛ | 1 | 6 | 65 | 26 | 15 | 4 | 1 | 118 | 2.14 | -.02 | |||
| 2¼ | 1 | 2 | 16 | 67 | 45 | 29 | 6 | 155 | 2.15 | .10 | |||
| 2⅜ | 1 | 21 | 116 | 64 | 24 | 3 | 1 | 230 | 2.11 | .26 | |||
| 2½ | 1 | 12 | 81 | 75 | 53 | 17 | 3 | 242 | 2.24 | .26 | |||
| 2⅝ | 5 | 38 | 36 | 37 | 12 | 8 | 1 | 137 | 2.32 | .30 | |||
| 2¾ | 8 | 7 | 14 | 10 | 3 | 42 | 2.45 | .30 | |||||
| 2⅞ | 1 | 7 | 9 | 14 | 15 | 7 | 53 | 2.51 | .36 | ||||
| 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 35 | 2.65 | .35 | |||
| Totals or means, 2.44 | 1 | 5 | 63 | 394 | 268 | 191 | 83 | 27 | 3 | 2 | 1037 | 2.23 | .21 |
Table 28.—Classification of generation 13, minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | ||||
| 2¼ | 3 | 30 | 12 | 17 | 4 | 1 | 67 | 2.22 | .03 | ||
| 2⅜ | 4 | 40 | 50 | 46 | 24 | 5 | 1 | 170 | 2.35 | .02 | |
| 2½ | 4 | 32 | 34 | 47 | 26 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 154 | 2.40 | .10 |
| 2⅝ | 2 | 11 | 21 | 41 | 28 | 3 | 2 | 108 | 2.47 | .15 | |
| 2¾ | 1 | 5 | 2 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 1 | 31 | 2.56 | .19 | |
| 2⅞ | 4 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 26 | 2.43 | .44 | |||
| 3 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 15 | 2.50 | .50 | |||
| Totals or means, 2.50 | 14 | 125 | 127 | 173 | 100 | 25 | 6 | 1 | 571 | 2.39 | .11 |
Table 29.—Summary of the results of thirteen generations of minus selection, based on Tables 16-28.
| Generation. | No. of offspring. | Mean, parents. | Mean, offspring. | Standard deviation, parents. | Standard deviation, offspring. | Correlation, parents-offspring. | Absolute regression of offspring on parents. | Advance of parents. | Advance of offspring. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5 | 1.46 | 1.00 | .208 | .515 | .46 | |||
| 2 | 13 | 1.41 | 1.07 | .342 | .493 | -.033 | .34 | -.05 | .07 |
| 3 | 19 | 1.56 | 1.18 | .196 | .484 | .206 | .38 | .15 | .11 |
| 4 | 32 | 1.69 | 1.28 | .190 | .460 | .020 | .41 | .13 | .10 |
| 5 | 70 | 1.73 | 1.41 | .233 | .500 | .184 | .32 | .04 | .13 |
| 6 | 1,25 | 1.86 | 1.56 | .185 | .488 | .164 | .30 | .13 | .15 |
| 7 | 1,68 | 2.01 | 1.73 | .132 | .352 | .143 | .28 | .15 | .17 |
| 8 | 1,72 | 2.05 | 1.80 | .107 | .283 | .094 | .25 | .04 | .07 |
| 9 | 1,59 | 2.11 | 1.92 | .184 | .285 | .059 | .19 | .06 | .12 |
| 10 | 1,45 | 2.18 | 2.01 | .255 | .242 | .158 | .17 | .07 | .09 |
| 11 | 98 | 2.30 | 2.15 | .229 | .349 | .081 | .15 | .12 | .14 |
| 12 | 1,03 | 2.44 | 2.23 | .310 | .372 | .406 | .07 | .14 | .08 |
| 13 | 57 | 2.50 | 2.39 | .177 | .317 | .235 | .11 | .06 | .16 |
| Total | 11,704 |
Table 30.—Mean grade and number of offspring produced by parents of a particular grade in each generation of the minus selection series, based on Tables 16-28. The grade of the parents is indicated at the head of each column. In the body of the table is recorded the mean grade of the offspring (in light-faced figures) and the number of offspring (in heavy-faced figures).
| Generation. | Grade of parents; below, grade and number of their offspring. | Total number of offspring. | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1¼ | 1⅜ | 1½ | 1⅝ | 1¾ | 1⅞ | 2 | 2⅛ | 2¼ | 2⅜ | 2½ | 2⅝ | 2¾ | 2⅞ | 3 | ||
| 1 | 1.34 | .85 | 1.37 | 1.05 | ||||||||||||
| 8 | 31 | 6 | 10 | 55 | ||||||||||||
| 2 | 1.17 | 1.45 | 1.11 | 0.67 | 1.09 | 1.10 | ||||||||||
| 17 | 5 | 37 | 3 | 27 | 12 | 132 | ||||||||||
| 3 | 1.05 | 1.04 | 1.31 | 1.22 | 1.26 | 1.96 | ||||||||||
| 20 | 28 | 28 | 48 | 63 | 3 | 195 | ||||||||||
| 4 | 1.56 | 1.16 | 1.31 | 1.36 | 1.34 | 1.18 | 1.36 | |||||||||
| 4 | 29 | 59 | 40 | 93 | 95 | 9 | 329 | |||||||||
| 5 | 1.50 | 1.25 | 1.35 | 1.30 | 1.64 | 1.52 | 1.80 | |||||||||
| 51 | 53 | 54 | 262 | 143 | 109 | 5 | 701 | |||||||||
| 6 | 1.34 | 1.46 | 1.49 | 1.59 | 1.58 | 1.52 | 1.82 | |||||||||
| 24 | 94 | 244 | 502 | 283 | 85 | 11 | 1,252 | |||||||||
| 7 | 1.55 | 1.67 | 1.65 | 1.72 | 1.74 | 1.93 | 1.62 | 1.88 | 2.28 | 1.87 | ||||||
| 5 | 32 | 330 | 969 | 260 | 41 | 4 | 15 | 18 | 6 | 1,680 | ||||||
| 8 | 1.84 | 1.81 | 1.86 | 1.87 | 1.87 | 1.92 | 1.67 | |||||||||
| 19 | 1170 | 377 | 36 | 30 | 17 | 6 | 1,726 | |||||||||
| 9 | 1.90 | 1.93 | 1.93 | 1.91 | 2.07 | |||||||||||
| 811 | 403 | 148 | 175 | 53 | 1,591 | |||||||||||
| 10 | 1.96 | 2.00 | 2.04 | 2.05 | 2.13 | 2.15 | 1.95 | 2.18 | ||||||||
| 478 | 474 | 217 | 119 | 67 | 49 | 27 | 20 | 1,451 | ||||||||
| 11 | 2.08 | 2.15 | 2.13 | 2.16 | 2.21 | 2.20 | 2.26 | 1.95 | ||||||||
| 51 | 183 | 318 | 268 | 81 | 52 | 26 | 5 | 984 | ||||||||
| 12 | 1.98 | 2.14 | 2.15 | 2.11 | 2.24 | 2.32 | 2.45 | 2.51 | 2.65 | |||||||
| 10 | 118 | 166 | 230 | 242 | 137 | 42 | 53 | 35 | 1,037 | |||||||
| 13 | 2.22 | 2.35 | 2.40 | 2.47 | 2.55 | 2.43 | 2.50 | |||||||||
| 67 | 170 | 154 | 108 | 31 | 26 | 15 | 571 | |||||||||
| 11,704 | ||||||||||||||||
Table 31.—Results of a first return selection from generation 6, minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | ¼ | ½ | ¾ | -1 | -1¼ | -1½ | -1¾ | -2 | ||||
| ⅜ | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 8 | 8 | 26 | 1.08 | -.60 | |||
| ⅝ | 2 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 10 | 14 | 17 | 20 | 4 | 76 | 1.33 | -.71 |
| ¾ | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 1.30 | -.65 | |||||
| ⅞ | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 11 | 1.41 | -.63 | ||||
| Totals or means, .60 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 16 | 18 | 28 | 33 | 6 | 118 | 1.28 | -.68 |
Table 32.—Results of a second return selection from generation 6, minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | ½ | ¾ | -1 | -1¼ | -1½ | ||||
| ½ | 1 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 19 | .95 | -.45 |
Table 33.—Results of a third return selection from generation 6, minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | ¼ | ½ | ¾ | -1 | -1¼ | -1½ | -1¾ | -2 | ||||
| ¼ | 5 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 13 | .63 | -.38 | ||||
| ⅜ | 2 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 21 | .86 | -.49 | ||
| -1⅛ | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 13 | 1.61 | -.49 | ||||
| -1¼ | 1 | 2 | 4 | 9 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 31 | 1.35 | -.10 | ||
| Totals or means, .83 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 9 | 12 | 11 | 14 | 12 | 5 | 78 | 1.14 | -.31 |
Table 34.—Results of a fourth return selection from generation 6, minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | ¼ | ½ | ¾ | -1 | -1¼ | -1½ | -1¾ | -2 | ||||
| ¼ | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 16 | 1.34 | -1.09 | |
| ½ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 5 | .70 | -.20 | |||||
| ⅝ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | .83 | -.21 | ||||||
| ¾ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 6 | .83 | -.08 | ||||
| ⅞ | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 10 | 1.17 | -.30 | |||
| -1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 10 | 1.42 | -.42 | ||||
| Totals or means, .63 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 7 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 50 | 1.17 | -.54 |
Table 35.—Results of a fifth return selection from generation 6, minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | ¼ | ½ | ¾ | -1¼ | -1½ | ||||
| ¼ | 2 | 2 | 4 | 1.00 | -.75 | ||||
| ¾ | 1 | 3 | 4 | 1.12 | -.37 | ||||
| ⅞ | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 | .25 | +.62 | |||
| Totals or means, .65 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 13 | .75 | -.10 |
Table 36.—Results of a sixth return selection from generation 6, minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| +1¼ | +1 | +¾ | +½ | +¼ | 0 | ¼ | ½ | ¾ | -1 | -1¼ | -1½ | -1¾ | ||||
| ⅛ | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 12 | .29 | -.17 | ||||||
| ¼ | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 13 | .35 | -.10 | |||||||
| ⅜ | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | .87 | -.50 | ||||||||
| ½ | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 5 | .25 | +.25 | |||||||||
| Totals or means, .26 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 2 | 5 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 36 | .39 | -.13 |
Table 37.—Results of a return selection from generation 7, minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ½ | ¾ | -1 | -1¼ | -1½ | -1¾ | -2 | ||||
| ¾ | 1 | 3 | 3 | 7 | 8 | 3 | 25 | |||
| ⅞ | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 8 | |||||
| Totals or means, .78 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 7 | 10 | 3 | 33 | 1.15 | -.37 |
Table 38.—Results of a return selection from generation 8, minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ¾ | -1 | -1¼ | -1½ | -1¾ | -2 | ||||
| ½ | 1 | 3 | 6 | 3 | 13 | 1.69 | -1.19 | ||
| ⅝ | 1 | 9 | 3 | 13 | 1.21 | - .59 | |||
| ⅞ | 2 | 2 | 2.00 | - .13 | |||||
| -1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 13 | 1.56 | - .56 | |
| Totals or means, .72 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 7 | 19 | 10 | 41 | 1.51 | - .79 |
Table 39.—Results of a return selection from generation 11, minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ¼ | -1¾ | -2 | -2¼ | -2½ | ||||
| -1⅝ | 1 | 3 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 16 | 1.95 | -.33 |
Table 40.—Results of a return selection from generation 6, plus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| +½ | +¾ | +2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | ||||
| 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 17 | 2.36 | -.36 |
Table 41.—Results of a return selection from generation 11, plus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | 4 | 4¼ | ||||
| 2⅝ | 2 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 22 | ||||
| 2¾ | 2 | 4 | 1 | 8 | 2 | 17 | ||||||
| 3 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 9 | ||||||||
| 3¼ | 1 | 3 | 1 | 5 | ||||||||
| Totals or means, 2.79 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 10 | 6 | 12 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 53 | 3.32 | -.53 |
Table 42.—Classification of the extracted hooded individuals obtained in the second generation from a cross between hooded and wild rats.
| Grade of hooded grandparents. | Grade of extracted hooded grandchildren. | Total. | Mean. | Mean, uncrossed race. | Standard deviation. | Standard deviation, uncrossed race. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -2 | -1¾ | -1½ | -1¼ | -1 | -¾ | -½ | -¼ | 0 | +¼ | ½ | ¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | ||||||
| ♀ -1⅞, gen. 2½, minus series | 2 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 13 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 62 | + .31 | -1.20 | .98 | .49 | ||||||||
| ♀♀ -2, gen. 6, minus series | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 48 | + .25 | -1.59 | .97 | .44 | ||||||||
| ♀♀ -2 and -2¼, gen. 10, minus series | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 10 | 3 | 9 | 8 | 14 | 4 | 7 | 8 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 91 | + .24 | -2.05 | 1.18 | .24 | |||||
| ♀♀ +3, gen. 3, plus series | 1 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 21 | +2.56 | +2.60 | .50 | .53 | ||||||||||||||||
| ♀♀ +3¼, gen. 5 and +3½, gen. 6, plus series | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 1 | 38 | +2.97 | +3.14 | .52 | .49 | ||||||||||||||
| ♀ +4¼, gen. 10, plus series | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 16 | +3.15 | +3.84 | .28 | .36 | ||||||||||||||||||
Table 43.—Classification of the extracted hooded individuals obtained in the second generation from a cross between hooded and Irish rats.
| Grade of hooded grandparents. | Grade of extracted hooded grandchildren. | Total. | Mean. | Mean, same grade and generation, uncrossed race. | Standard deviation. | Standard deviation, uncrossed race. | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -2 | -1¾ | -1½ | -1¼ | -1 | -¾ | -½ | -¼ | 0 | +¼ | +½ | +¾ | +1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | ||||||
| -1½, gen. 3½ | 1 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 12 | 26 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 90 | - .62 | -1.31 | .61 | .48 | ||||||||
| -1⅞, gen. 4 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 9 | 14 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 53 | - .73 | -1.18 | .60 | .46 | |||||||||||
| +2, gen. 7½ | 6 | 6 | 12 | 11 | 8 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 66 | - .94 | -1.75 | .84 | .35 | |||||||||
| +2¼, gen. 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 16 | 7 | 16 | 22 | 25 | 29 | 24 | 13 | 33 | 14 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 239 | +1.27 | +1.80 | .90 | .75 | ||||
| +3, gen. 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 23 | + .95 | +2.50 | .87 | .53 | ||||||||||
Table 44.—F₃ generation produced by extracted hooded rats (F₂ generation) derived from a cross of a hooded rat of the minus series with a wild rat. (See Table 42.)
| Grade of (F₂) parents. | Grade of (F₃) offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -1 | -¾ | -½ | -¼ | 0 | +½ | ¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | ||||
| ¾ | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 19 | + .04 | .71 | |||||||||
| 2½ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 34 | +2.06 | .44 | ||||
Table 45.—F₄ generation from minus series crossed with wild.
| Grade of (F₃) parents. | Grade of (F₄) offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -¼ | 0 | +¼ | +½ | ¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | ||||
| 2¼ | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 9 | 16 | 25 | 14 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 96 | 1.78 | .47 | |||
| 2⅜ | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 8 | 3 | 9 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 44 | 1.67 | .70 | |||
| 2⅞ | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | .91 | 1.96 | |||||||||
| 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 9 | 5 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 39 | 2.02 | .98 | |||||
| 3⅛ | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 18 | 2.82 | .30 | ||||||||
| Totals or means, 2.52 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 16 | 10 | 22 | 26 | 47 | 20 | 23 | 14 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 205 | 1.86 | .66 |
Table 46.—F₅ generation from minus series crossed with wild.
| Grade of (F₄) parents. | Grade of (F₅) offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | +½ | ¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | ||||
| 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 12 | 15 | 10 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 53 | ||||
| 2⅛ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 13 | ||||||||
| 2¼ | 1 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 13 | |||||||||
| 2⅜ | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 14 | |||||||||
| 2⅝ | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 7 | ||||||||||
| 2⅞ | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |||||||||||
| 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 14 | ||||||||||
| Totals or means, 2.27 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 3 | 6 | 17 | 28 | 16 | 8 | 21 | 7 | 1 | 119 | 2.06 | .21 |
Table 47.—F₆ generation from minus series crossed with wild.
| Grade of (F₅) parents. | Grade of (F₆) offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| +½ | ¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | ||||
| 2⅜ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 8 | 13 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 48 | 2.14 | .23 | |||
| 2½ | 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 26 | 2.24 | .26 | ||||||
| 2⅝ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 20 | 2.26 | .36 | |||
| 2¾ | 1 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 8 | 2 | 5 | 31 | 2.35 | .40 | |||||
| 2⅞ | 1 | 4 | 1 | 9 | 7 | 11 | 5 | 2 | 40 | 2.74 | .13 | ||||||
| 3⅛ | 1 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 29 | 2.73 | .39 | |||||
| Totals or means, 2.69 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 13 | 14 | 32 | 13 | 23 | 37 | 30 | 15 | 4 | 2 | 194 | 2.41 | .28 |
Table 48.—F₇ generation from minus series crossed with wild.
| Grade of (F₆) parents. | Grade of (F₇) offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ¾ | 1 | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | ||||
| 2⅝ | 4 | 4 | 12 | 2 | 9 | 9 | 12 | 1 | 53 | 2.41 | .21 | ||||
| 2¾ | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 28 | 2.14 | .61 | ||||
| 2⅞ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 2.32 | .55 | |||||
| 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 12 | 2.93 | .07 | ||||||
| 3⅛ | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 27 | 2.59 | .53 | |
| 3¼ | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 14 | 2.63 | .62 | ||||||
| 3⅜ | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 10 | 2.85 | .52 | ||||||
| Totals or means, 2.80 | 3 | 2 | 8 | 9 | 26 | 12 | 28 | 23 | 26 | 10 | 6 | 1 | 154 | 2.46 | .34 |
Table 49.—F₈ generation from minus series crossed with wild.
| Grade of (F₇) parents. | Grade of (F₈) offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Regression. | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 2¾ | 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | ||||
| 2¾ | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2.75 | 0 | |||||||
| 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 24 | 2.74 | .01 | ||
| 3⅛ | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 19 | 2.60 | .52 | |
| Totals or means, 3.08 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 13 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 45 | 2.67 | .41 |
Table 50.—Results of crossing the selected plus with the selected minus series.
| Grade of parents. | Grade of offspring. | Totals. | Means. | Standard deviation. | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -2 | -1¾ | -1½ | -1¼ | -1 | ¾ | ½ | ¼ | 0 | +¼ | +½ | +¾ | +1 | +1¼ | +1½ | +1¾ | +2 | +2¼ | +2½ | +2¾ | +3½ | ||||
| Series 1, F₁ generation; ♀♀ -2, gen. 6; ♂ ♂ +3½ or 3¾, gen. 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 10 | 13 | 25 | 2 | 8 | 11 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 93 | + .06 | .71 | |||||||
| Series 1, F₂ generation, -1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 13 | - .57 | .66 | |||||||||||||
| ½ | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 16 | - .37 | .80 | |||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 29 | + .17 | .95 | |||||||
| +⅛ | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 30 | + .03 | .97 | ||||||||
| +¼ | 2 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 41 | + .10 | 1.08 | |||||
| +½ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 18 | + .06 | .91 | ||||||||||
| +¾ | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 18 | + .25 | .90 | ||||||||||
| +1 | 1 | 7 | 3 | 6 | 13 | 4 | 8 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 73 | + .60 | .98 | ||||||
| +1⅛ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 13 | + .61 | .83 | ||||||||||||
| +1¼ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 1 | 8 | 1 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 53 | + .38 | 1.02 | |||||
| +1½ | 1 | 1 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Series 1, totals or means, F₂ generation | 1 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 22 | 24 | 26 | 20 | 49 | 10 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 10 | 20 | 13 | 7 | 5 | 7 | 305 | + .24 | 1.01 | ||
| Series 2, F₁ generation; ♀ ♀ +3¾, gen. 10; ♂ -3¼, gen. 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 14 | +1.00 | .60 | ||||||||||||
| Series 2, F₂ generation, +½ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | +1.31 | |||||||||||||||||||
| +⅝ | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 16 | +.40 | .96 | ||||||||||||
| +1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | +.82 | |||||||||||||||||
| +1⅛ | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 22 | +1.03 | .97 | |||||||||
| +1¼ | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 25 | + .56 | .70 | ||||||||||
| Series 2, totals or means, F₂ generation | 2 | 4 | 3 | 8 | 8 | 12 | 9 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 73 | +.72 | .87 | |||||
Table 51.—F₁ offspring of the original “mutant” male, 4763, +5½, mated with females of the plus series, and with the “mutant” female, 5153, +5¾.
| Grade of mother. | Grade of offspring. | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower group. | Upper group. | |||||||||||||||||
| +3 | 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | 4 | 4¼ | 4½ | Totals. | Means. | Standard deviation. | 5 | 5¼ | 5½ | 5¾ | 6 | Totals. | Means. | Standard deviation. | |
| +3¾ | 1 | 4 | 11 | 1 | 1 | 18 | 3.69 | 1 | 3 | 9 | 4 | 1 | 18 | 5.51 | ||||
| 3⅞ | 3 | 7 | 3 | 13 | 3.75 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 13 | 5.44 | |||||||
| 4 | 1 | 4 | 9 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 20 | 3.78 | 2 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 18 | 5.40 | ||||
| 4⅛ | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 3.90 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 7 | 5.46 | ||||||||
| 4½ | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3.62 | ||||||||||||||
| Totals or means | 1 | 1 | 12 | 31 | 9 | 3 | 1 | 58 | 3.73 | .24 | 4 | 16 | 23 | 12 | 1 | 56 | 5.45 | .23 |
| Mutant ♀ 5153, +5¾ | 3 | 3 | 6 | 3.87 | 6 | 4 | 10 | 5.60 | ||||||||||
Table 52.—F₁ offspring of the original mutant male, 4763, +5½, mated with females of the minus series.
| Grade of mother. | Grade of offspring, lower group. | Grade of offspring, upper group. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -1 | ¾ | ½ | ¼ | 0 | +¼ | +½ | +¾ | +1 | +1¼ | +1½ | +1¾ | +2¼ | Totals. | Means. | Standard deviation. | +4 | +4¼ | +4½ | +4¾ | +5 | Totals. | Means. | Standard deviation. | |
| -2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 13 | +.40 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 12 | 4.46 | ||||||
| -2¼ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 14 | +.70 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 9 | 4.53 | ||||||||
| -2½ | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | +.31 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 4.21 | ||||||||||||||
| -2¾ | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | +.18 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 4.19 | ||||||||||||||
| Totals or means | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 35 | +.49 | .77 | 6 | 11 | 6 | 6 | 2 | 31 | 4.43 | .31 |
Table 53.—Classification of the descendants through three generations of the two original mutants, ♂ 4763, +5½, and ♀ 5153, +5¾. The parents are in every case of grade 5½ or 5¾.
| Generation. | Grade of offspring. | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower group. | Upper group. | |||||||||||||
| 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | 4 | Totals. | Means. | Standard deviation. | 5 | 5¼ | 5½ | 5¾ | Totals. | Means. | Standard deviation. | |
| F₁ | 3 | 3 | 6 | 3.87 | 6 | 4 | 10 | 5.60 | ||||||
| F₂ | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3.37 | 2 | 3 | 15 | 10 | 30 | 5.52 | ||||
| F₃ | 1 | 7 | 3 | 11 | 5.55 | |||||||||
| Totals or means | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 8 | 3.75 | .25 | 2 | 4 | 28 | 17 | 51 | 5.54 | .19 |
Table 54.—F₂ descendants of the original mutant male, 4763, +5½, mated with females of the plus series. (Compare [Table 51].)
| Grade of (F₁) parents. | Grade of (F₂) offspring. | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower group. | Upper group. | |||||||||||||||||
| 3 | 3¼ | 3½ | 3¾ | 4 | 4¼ | 4½ | Totals. | Means. | Standard deviation. | 5 | 5¼ | 5½ | 5¾ | Totals. | Means. | Standard deviation. | ||
| Lower group parents | 3⅝ | 2 | 1 | 10 | 8 | 1 | 22 | 3.56 | ||||||||||
| 3¾ | 1 | 2 | 2 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 15 | 3.92 | ||||||||||
| 3⅞ | 1 | 2 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 1 | 22 | 3.92 | ||||||||||
| Totals or means | 2 | 3 | 14 | 16 | 16 | 6 | 2 | 59 | 3.78 | .33 | ||||||||
| Upper group parents | 5¼ | 1 | 1 | 3.50 | 2 | 2 | 5.50 | |||||||||||
| 5⅜ | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 10 | 3.90 | 2 | 6 | 49 | 13 | 70 | 5.51 | |||||
| 5⅝ | 2 | 5 | 7 | 5.43 | ||||||||||||||
| Totals or means | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 11 | 3.86 | .35 | 2 | 8 | 56 | 13 | 79 | 5.50 | .15 | |||
Table 55.—F₂ descendants of the original mutant male, 4763, +5½, mated with females of the minus series. (Compare [Table 52].)
| Grade of F₁ parents. | Grade of (F₂) offspring, lower group parents. | Totals. | Means. | Standard deviation. | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -2 | -1¾ | -1 | ¾ | ½ | ¼ | 0 | +¼ | +½ | +¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 2¼ | 2½ | 3¼ | ||||
| ¾ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | .58 | ||||||||||||||||
| ⅝ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 11 | .57 | |||||||||||
| ⅛ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 9 | .80 | |||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 22 | .72 | |||||||||
| +¼ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1.00 | ||||||||||||||||
| +½ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | -.12 | |||||||||||||||
| +1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 9 | .19 | |||||||||||
| Totals or means | 2 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 9 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 9 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 61 | .58 | 1.17 |
| Grade of F₁ parents. | Grade of (F₂) offspring, upper group parents. | Totals. | Means. | Standard deviation. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -2 | -1¾ | -1 | ¾ | ½ | ¼ | 0 | +¼ | ½ | ¾ | 1 | 1¼ | 1½ | 1¾ | 2 | 3½ | 4 | 4¼ | 4½ | 4¾ | 5 | 5¼ | 5½ | L[1] | U[2] | L[1] | U[2] | L[1] | U[2] | |
| 4⅛ | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 4.85 | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4¼ | 1 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 4.62 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 4⅜ | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 4.56 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 4½ | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 10 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 41 | 4.78 | ||||||||||||||
| 4⅝ | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 8 | 4.91 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Totals or means | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 18 | 10 | 12 | 9 | 7 | 14 | 68 | +.75 | 4.77 | 1.03 | .44 | ||||||||
[1] Lower group offspring, -1¾ to +2 inclusive.
[2] Upper group offspring, +3½ to +5½ inclusive.