Practical Graining

WITH DESCRIPTION OF
COLORS EMPLOYED AND TOOLS USED
ILLUSTRATED BY
FORTY-SEVEN COLORED PLATES
REPRESENTING THE VARIOUS WOODS USED IN INTERIOR FINISHING
BY
WILLIAM E. WALL
GRAINER TO THE TRADE.

PHILADELPHIA:
HOUSE PAINTING AND DECORATING PUBLISHING CO.
EIGHTEEN-NINETY-ONE.

Entered according to act of Congress in the year 1890 by
The House Painting and Decorating Publishing Co.
in the office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington, D. C.
All Rights Reserved.

[CONTENTS.]

Chapter I.
Page
Groundworks for graining; graining compared with plain paintedwork; removing old paint; mixing ground colors	[5]
Chapter II.
The graining color; imitating simple woods; graining color forlight oak; mixing graining color; applying the color; representing champs or lightsof oak	[9]
Chapter III.
Quartered oak; overgraining; heart of oak; use of the check roller	[13]
Chapter IV.
Graining oak in distemper; the light veins in oak; graining ash;putting in heart work; over-graining ash; ash in distemper; matching white ash	[16]
Chapter V.
Hungarian ash; burl ash in water color and in oil	[19]
Chapter VI.
Chestnut; colors for graining chestnut; wiping the hearts andblending; chestnut in water color; bird's-eye maple; putting in lights and shades;putting in the curly or rock maple; silver maple	[21]
Chapter VII.
Satinwood; groundwork for satinwood; putting in the mottling	[26]
Chapter VIII.
Pollard oak; cherry; cherry in distemper; glue size for distemper binder	[27]
Chapter IX.
Black walnut in oil; black walnut in distemper	[31]
Chapter X.
French walnut burl in distemper	[32]
Chapter XI.
Mahogany; Honduras feathered mahogany; stippling in mahogany;feathered mahogany	[35]
Chapter XII.
Rosewood; the use of the bamboo brush; imitating rosewood inwater color; cypress wood	[37]
Chapter XIII.
Hard pine; white wood	[40]
Chapter XIV.
Varnishing over grained work; cracking of varnish on inside work	[42]
Chapter XV.
Graining considered as a fine art; graining sometimes condemned;the artistic merit of graining	[46]
Chapter XVI.
The tools used by grainers; combs; overgrainers; badger blenders;castellated overgrainers; mottlers; cutters; stipplers; check roller; fresco bristle liners	[48]
Chapter XVII.
Patent graining machines; patent roller process; the Mason pad;objections to machine graining; stencil plates; gransorbian transfer process; transfer paper	[54]
Chapter XVIII.
The imitation of carved work, mouldings, etc.	[59]
Index	[i]
Index to Colored Plates	[ix]

[LIST OF COLORED ILLUSTRATIONS.]

[1.] Grounds for Graining Hungarian Ash, Maple, Light Ash and Light Oak.
[2.] Grounds for Graining Chestnut, Dark or Pollard Oak, Black or French Walnut, Stained Cherry, Mahogany and Rosewood.
[3.] Plain or Wainscot Oak, Light.
[4.] Flaked Oak, Light.
[5.] Flaked Oak, Light.
[6.] Heart Growth Oak, Light.
[7.] Heart Growth Oak, Pencilled.
[8.] Flaked Oak, Light, Shaded.
[9.] Heart of Oak, Checked and Shaded.
[10.] Flaked Oak, Light Shaded.
[11.] Flaked or Quartered Dark Oak, Shaded.
[12.] Heart of Light Ash, Wiped Out.
[13.] Heart of Light Ash Wiped Out and Shaded.
[14.] Heart of Ash, Dark, Pencilled.
[15.] Hungarian Ash, Wiped Out and Pencilled.
[16.] Burl Ash in Water Colors.
[17.] Dark Ash, Pencilled and Combed.
[18.] Hungarian Ash, Wiped Out.
[19.] Bird's-Eye Maple, Overgrained.
[20.] Chestnut.
[21.] Bird's-Eye Maple, Mottled Ready for the Eyes.
[22.] Bird's-Eye Maple with the Eyes.
[23.] Chestnut.
[24.] Satinwood Mottled.
[25.] Satinwood Mottled and Overgrained.
[26.] Curly Maple Mottled to Overgrain.
[27.] Curly Maple Overgrained.
[28.] Pollard Oak.
[29.] Pollard Oak.
[30.] Cherry Mottled in Oil before being Overgrained.
[31.] Cherry Mottled and Pencilled in Oil.
[32.] Cherry Mottled and Pencilled in Oil.
[33.] Cherry Mottled and Pencilled in Oil as Finished.
[34.] Cherry Wiped Out and Pencilled in Oil.
[35.] Walnut Stipple.
[36.] Black Walnut Pencilled.
[37.] Walnut Wiped Out and Pencilled.
[38.] Curly Walnut.
[39.] French Walnut Burl.
[40.] Mahogany Straight
[41.] Mahogany Mottled.
[42.] Mahogany Feathered.
[43.] Rosewood as Outlined to Overgrain.
[44.] Rosewood as Finished.
[45.] Cypress in Oil.
[46.] Hard Pine.
[47.] Whitewood in Oil.

MAPLE OR SATIN WOOD. LIGHT ASH.
LIGHT OAK. HUNGARIAN ASH.
GROUNDS FOR GRAINING.—IN ILLUSTRATION OF ARTICLE BY WM. E. WALL