“To Pastor A Large White Church”
“Toronto, Can.—To fill the pulpit of one of the largest Presbyterian churches (white) in Toronto for five weeks with one of our ministers is the interesting departure from the general rule of supply for the summer months that Knox church is making this year. For last week and all of August, Rev. Joseph J. Hill of Roawohe Baptist Church, Hot Springs, Ark., will occupy Knox church pulpit. Dr. Hill has been a professor of science in a southern university, and is a graduate of the Academy of Music. He is a quiet, appealing and persuasive preacher with a message all his own, which he delivers with great eloquence. During the summer holidays, last year, he preached in the Moose Jaw Methodist church, with a seating capacity of 1,000 which was crowded at all services.”
The above is extracted from the Cleveland Gazette issued August 6, 1921.
As soon as Sunday School children of the Race have grown old and large enough to understand and bear more weighty religious burdens, they are at once invited to join the present four million Colored church members, who are only too anxious to take in new members under the Divine leadership and protection of the fourty-three thousand churches owned by people of the Race in the United States. When it is proved by facts and figures that about one-third of the Colored people in this country are members in churches and that they have put over eighty-five million dollars of their hard earned money into these present church properties they own; it is plainly seen that people of the Negro race still have perfect faith and trust in and are continuing to work for and with the God, Who inspired the immortal Abraham Lincoln to free their slave working and hopeful praying foreparents.
(Ref.: Work’s Negro Year Book, 1918-1919 edition, pgs. 1-234-5-6-7).
Colored ministers of today, on account of their all-around advancements have been able to bring about a better understanding and knowledge of the true teachings of the Bible. For instance, they are teaching their congregations that the timely, proper and equal uses of emotional and practical religion are necessary. Thus the masses of people attending Colored churches are fast learning from their pulpits that there is just as much needs for Christianity in practical business and social dealings with each other on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday, as there is for Christianity in their church emotional ceremonies conducted among themselves before the altars on Sunday. Also ministers of today have long since come to differ from most of those “old school” ministers (God blessed them for doing the best they knew how) who taught their people to live, think and say, to other races, “Give us Jesus and you can take the dollar.” So the “new school” and more businesslike ministers of these times are patiently teaching, fast convincing and gradually converting their congregations in the belief and truth that it is just as much Christianity in the honest earning, the frugal saving, the fair investment, the wise spending and the merciful sharing of a dollar with the poor and needy, as there is need for Christianity in the saving of their souls and the spreading of the gospel.
Along other practical lines these gospel leaders are having remarkable success, especially in large cities where many Colored people live. It is wonderful to see how these practical ministers have taught their congregations that they are showing as much reverence to God when they pass out of their churches after services and go quietly and orderly to their homes (instead of great numbers of them stopping right in front of their church doors with loud talk and laughter and blocking the whole pavement, against people who wish to go by, for fifteen and twenty minutes) as they do when sitting quietly and dignified in their church pews listening to the sermons. Such gospel leaders in every instance finally win their members over to their sides in such matters by pleasantly and plainly pointing out that people of other races seldom attend Colored churches of today and see the polished and refined ways people of the Race deport themselves. But if just two or three dozen members of a church come out after services and thoughtlessly block the side walks, go along the streets or ride in the trolley cars roughly laughing and loudly talking their church and private affairs to each other from one end of the car to the other; they are seen and heard by other races who class not only the church but the whole Negro race with those few loud-mouthed, absent-minded and sometimes vain Colored people who often use such shameful public manners to attract attention to themselves and their clothes; just like the same class of uncouth white people do.
Of course, when white men and women appear in public places acting and talking in noisy, unrefined and vulgar ways, the Colored man or woman (no matter how little learning he or she may have) who sees and hears such actions, never judges and stamps the intelligent, refined and well-behaved portion of the Caucasian race as a whole group of people also to be ignored and discriminated against. But when a person of color sees and hears such vulgar actions on the part of a white person, that Colored person merely comments to himself; “There is a human being who is a sample of the worse element among the white people and is far from being a fair and pure sample of the best people in the white race.” Then that broad-minded Colored person will at once throw the incident off his mind. He will then turn his back on the uncouth white person with disgust and in facing about will the very next moment give the fullest consideration, the most humane treatment, the most polite manners and the deepest respect to the white lady or gentleman whose Christian speech and civilized actions warrant and deserve such courtesies. And this is only one of the countless (big) little instances in which the American Colored people are daily showing their practical use of the Golden Rule; (cornerstone in the foundation and keystone in the archway of the white man’s Christianity).
Thus the brotherhood actions and manners of the masses of Negroes, (from the hod-carrier to the president of a university and from the scrub woman to the president of a national organization) in being broad-minded and big-hearted enough to fair-mindedly apply the Golden Rule to the Caucasian race, so as to mentally separate and treat accordingly the good white people from the bad, are certainly proving that the Colored people as a whole are daily putting into practical usages the Lord’s Golden Rule in much more Christlike ways than the white race is itself. Of course, there are exceptions in both races, but considering both from the standpoint of masses the above assertion cannot be truthfully denied.
A present day exception on the white side may be cited as follows:—During the summer of 1920 when Southern white savages turned Paris, Texas into a human slaughter house by lynching, torturing and burning alive of human beings, Rev. R. P. Shuler, (white) a prominent Methodist minister living in that community fearlessly denounced the mob at the time of its heathenish actions and at the risk of his own life. Later, when speaking of a former statement he had made regarding the lynching, according to an article in the July 24, 1920 issue of the Chicago Defender, he said:
“The above statement, I make in the face of the advice that has come to me from many friends that such a policy is and will be at present unsafe for me. I am informed that my life has been numerously threatened if I make such a statement. I am told that the mob used my name repeatedly in such a manner as to very much concern my friends. I can truthfully say that the attitude of this mob toward me does not in the least concern me. Better men than myself have died when far less was at stake. I am only concerned in doing my God-appointed duty in this situation. Therefore, without apology or plea for quarter, I unhesitatingly condemn the burning of these men in our city as an act of lawlessness, which if carried to its legitimate ends, would destroy our government and damn our civilization. And in making this statement I ask for neither the protection of my friends nor the mercy of my enemies.”
If all other white ministers were to take such fearless and open stands against such savage doings, that are heaping as much shame and stain on the United States as such crimes in Europe ever heaped on Turkey, they could in a few years make these United States a truly Christian land. And in taking such stands such ministers (if they showed the same kind of faith in God as Rev. Shuler did who is still living and preaching) they would also be delivered from a threatening mob. But where within the recent past or the present have there stepped out from the white ministry two Rev. Shulers? Among all the nationally famed white evangelists, which one or three of recent times have in preaching in all parts of the United States proved himself a second Henry Ward Beecher, an Elijah P. Lovejoy or a C. T. Torry, who fearlessly and fruitfully preached against all national as well as local sins, crimes and lawlessness that came under their notice?
Among all the white ministers in the United States, only they themselves can tell how many of them peacefully feel within their secret hearts and contentedly feel within their reasoning minds that they are giving full reverences to God, full honor to their calling and full service toward all weak and suffering humanity through their Sunday preachings against all sins and crimes? And among them only they can tell how many of them, through advising words in reasoning talks, are trying each Sunday (if only for five minutes) to blow out and drown the sinful sparks of jealousy, envy, malice and hate that instantly flame up in the breasts of so many of their church members as soon as they see a Colored person, even if that person is well-behaved, well-educated, well-dressed and well-to-do. Such feelings merely on account of color are not natural and God has not meant for such to be; for if He had, He would have made the brown earth white, the green grass white, the blue sky white, the yellow sun white. These are the greatest things in the world and all of them are colored. Even the water, that covers three-fourths of the earth (while it is supposed to be colorless) is more colored than it is white. Those white people who wish that there were no colored on earth should remember that God in His infinite wisdom fully realized in making the universe that if He made all things white the glare would be so great and intense that every seeing thing would be driven totally blind. So God put soft and blending colors on earth in order that humanity might retain its sight to see His works and learn to love them but not to look upon any of His works with scorn and hatefulness.
While intelligent preachers of the Race upon quietly and carefully looking about them see that practically the entire earth is one mass of colors—the majority of internal and external earth elements, the foods, the clothes, inside and outside building materials and furnishings are colored; yet these Negro ministers teach their congregations that the white color God has placed here has as much right on earth as the big majority of colors. And there are such advising and logical talks going on every Sunday from the Colored pulpits in order to keep down race prejudice and friction. And Colored ministers are silently and hopefully praying to God that He will finally soften, melt and move the hearts of the white ministers so that they will at last come forward and do their parts by logic reasonings with their white congregations a few minutes every Sunday regarding the rights of all colors of peoples to live unmolested and progress unhindered here on earth. It has been left for the white press to come forward and take the lead (which it is nobly and increasingly doing) in this movement of reasoning with the masses of white people in America regarding racial discriminations and injustices. But the entire world, including the American white press itself, is looking on in puzzled and wondering silence as it continues to hopefully wait for the American white ministry to dutifully and courageously come forward in a mass and take its rightful lead in this Christian movement to help bring about a closer brotherhood co-operation, a truer Christlike understanding and a smoother racial adjustment between the white and Colored people living in the United States. The influence of the white church is the greatest human power in the world—it unintentionally encourages mobs and rioting in America by continuing to keep silent on the question, but it can intentionally discourage and prevent in a very short time the occurence of a second Arkansas, Atlanta, Chester, Chicago, Duluth, East St. Louis, Houston, Philadelphia, Tulsa, Washington and other race riots, if it will come out as a whole all over the country and speak to its congregations Sunday after Sunday against such barbarism and heathenism being constantly carried on here in the United States.
According to notices that have recently appeared in the white press, The Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America, spurred on by the barbarisms carried on at the riot of Tulsa, Okla. of a few months ago, has boldly come forward and denounced such sins and crimes. In order to bring about better relations between the two Races and help to prevent such future occurences, this Council has already appointed a Commission that has held a meeting in Washington, D.C. It is planned to hold conferences, composed of white and Colored clergymen, all over the country, and an effort will be made to have the white churches to educate their audiences regarding the sins of race prejudice and the crimes resulting therefrom. So just as God in His own time answered the prayers of American slaves that they and their children would some day become free; He is gradually and surely answering the prayers of persecuted Negroes of today that the white ministry will come forward and take its proper place as a leader in helping to swing into the right channels the public sentiments of white people regarding their Christlike treatments of Colored neighbors. Colored people must continue to work and pray and be hopeful that out of this movement will eventually come a second Henry Ward Beecher of modern times.
On the following pages are named some of the highest men in the Colored ministry, who have been for years using every Christlike means within their powers to help bring about more mutual understandings and feelings between the two races:
Bishops J. W. Alstork, W. W. Beckett, G. L. Blackwell, P. A. Bouldin, I. P. Brooks, W. S. Brooks, C. S. Brown, R. B. Bruce, J. S. Caldwell, A. J. Carey, R. A. Carter, W. D. Chappelle, E. W. Chaver, N. C. Cleaves, G. C. Clement, G. W. Clinton, J. M. Connor, L. J. Coppin, M. W. Clair, E. Cottrell, Archdeacons H. B. Delaney and E. T. Denby, Bishops Derrick, J. A. Ellison, J. S. Flipper, W. A. Fountain, A. Grant, J. S. Green, T. L. Griffiths, C. R. Harris, W. H. Heard, J. J. Higgs, L. H. Holsey, John Hurst, J. A. Johnson, W. D. Johnson, Wyatt Johnson, J. H. Jones, R. E. Jones, L. W. Kyles, Isaac Lane, B. F. Lee, W. L. Lee, J. W. Lee, C. A. Moore, R. P. Morgan, H. B. Parks, C. H. Phillips, J. F. Ramsey, I. N. Ross, B. T. Ruley, Archideacon J. S. Russell, Bishops C. S. Smith, B. T. Tanner, P. Taylor, E. Tyre, W. T. Vernon, A. J. Warner, R. S. Williams, W. N. Winston and P. H. Wright.
From among the thousands of Colored ministers all over the country, the names below are those sent to the author from the following large cities, where immense congregations are ministered unto by their spiritual leaders, who are also Sunday after Sunday calmly pacifying and patiently advising their congregations in order to keep them on peaceful and frictionless relations (without sacrificing their citizenship rights) with the white people with whom they daily come in contact:
Alexandria, Va.: Revs. H. A. Haynes, L. A. King, S. B. Ross.
Atlanta, Ga.: Revs. R. S. Brown, P. J. Bryant, H. W. Evans, E. Hall, J. A. Lindsay, H. C. Lyman, R. H. Singleton, S. D. Thorn.
Atlantic City, N. J.: Revs. J. W. Brown, J. N. Deaver, J. P. Gregory, W. E. Griffen, A. L. Martin, L. C. Scott, W. Tyler.
Augusta, Ga.: Revs. Dorsett, C. Floyd, C. T. Walker, R. S. Williams.
Baltimore, Md.: Revs. G. F. Bragg, J. T. Colbert, M. H. Davis, W. H. Deane, J. R. L. Diggs, J. H. Dovey, J. Gray, J. W. Hill, Harvey Johnson, Earnest Lyons, C. E. Stewart, J. H. Dorsey, C. R. Uncles.
Birmingham, Ala.: Revs. C. W. Brooks, L. G. Duncan, J. W. Goodgame, R. N. Hall, F. W. Riley, T. W. Sherrill.
Boley, Okla.: Revs. J. S. Dawson, T. C. Martin, N. J. Johnson.
Boston, Mass.: Revs. A. R. Cooper, L. Ferguson, D. S. Klugh, W. D. McLain, A. L. Scott, M. M. Shaw, B. W. Swain, C. A. Ward.
Buffalo, N. Y.: Revs. E. R. Bennett, H. Durham, E. J. Echolson, H. A. Garcia, J. Nash.
Brooklyn, N. Y.: Revs. J. B. Adams, N. P. Boyd, W. C. Brown, W. S. Carpenter, G. F. Miller, H. H. Procter, W. P. Wallace, A. K. Warren.
Camden, N. J.: Revs. J. S. Braithwaite, H. W. Cummings, G. Morris, W. S. Saunders, J. R. White.
Charleston, S. C.: Revs. E. L. Baskerville, J. E. Beard, C. A. Harrison, D. J. Jenkins, W. J. Jones, R. Kemp, T. D. Nelson, J. R. Pearson, C. H. Uggams.
Charleston, W. Va.: Revs. M. W. Johnson, E. H. Whitefield, C. H. Woody.
Charlotte, N. C.: Revs. F. L. Brodie, G. D. Donowa, J. E. King, A. Mason, M. D. Melodona, W. M. Miller, R. P. Wyche.
Chattanooga, Tenn.: Revs. C. G. Bell, W. H. Heath, J. H. Henderson, J. L. B. Johnson, C. M. Robins, C. C. Stewart, C. C. Tucker.
Chester, Pa., Revs. J. R. Bennett, E. E. Durant, H. J. Ryder, T. M. Thomas, H. Tyree.
Chicago, Ill.: Revs. W. M. Bennett, S. L. Birt, C. H. Clarke, W. D. Cook, J. M. Henderson, H. M. Jackson, J. H. Simon, H. E. Stewart, J. G. Walker, L. K. Williams.
Cincinnati, Ohio.: Revs. J. P. Blackburn, W. L. Brean, E. H. Oxley, Wilbur Page.
Cleveland, Ohio: Revs. H. C. Bailey, C. G. Fishback, J. S. Jackson, L. C. Jefferson, P. O’Connell, R. H. Suthern.
Columbia, S. C.: Revs. J. F. Green, M. F. Haygood, M. G. Johnson, J. R. Jones, H. M. Moore, J. Perry, D. F. Thompson, C. M. Young.
Columbus, Ohio: Revs. J. W. Carter, E. A. Clarke, H. W. Cooper, G. L. Davis, R. D. Phillips, J. B. Pius, H. W. Smith.
Danville, Va.: Revs. W. E. Carr, J. R. Cooper, G. W. Goods, A. Murray, J. A. Valentine.
Dayton, Ohio: Revs. J. D. Anderson, D. E. Bass, J. N. S. Belbader, O. W. Childers, W. H. Riley, T. J. Smith.
Denver, Colo. Revs. W. H. Thomas, S. A. Strippling, I. S. Wilson.
Des Moines, Iowa: Revs. S. Bates, S. L. Birb, D. W. Claybrook, E. S. Hardge, E. A. Liles, G. W. Robinson.
Detroit, Mich: Revs. T. J. Askew, F. Begnall, R. L. Bradby, A. Gomez, C. A. Hill, W. R. Rutledge.
Durham, N. C.: Revs. W. C. Cleland, J. E. Kiklaird, J. H. Pacheal, J. Smalls, R. Spiller, J. L. White.
Evansville, Ind: Revs. F. P. Baker, J. S. Haddison, H. B. Mayes, M. McIntyre, J. Rouse.
Fort Smith, Ark.: Revs. W. E. Guy, E. D. Hill, J. T. Jones, Wm. Jones, C. H. Whitted.
Fort Worth, Texas: Revs. A. L. Dotson, S. A. Nelson, S. R. Prince, M. H. Spencer, W. G. Upshur.
Gary, Ind.: Revs. M. Bolden, A. Kittrell, W. H. Saunders, W. T. Whitsett.
Greenville, S. C.: Revs. A. R. Burk, C. H. Copeland, C. F. Gandy, J. H. McAdams, C. F. Rice, S. J. Simkin.
Hampton, Va.: Revs. J. D. Baker, J. W. Brown, E. H. Hamilton, J. W. Patterson.
Harrisburg, Pa.: Revs. C. H. Fareira, G. W. Cregg, A. J. Greene, W. Parchment, C. F. Jenkins.
Hartford, Conn.: Revs. R. R. Ball, O. H. Brown, W. Byrd, C. L. Fisher, C. N. Gibbons, W. B. Reed, J. A. Wright.
Helena, Ark.: Revs. L. S. Arnold, W. E. Briett, H. W. Holloway, E. C. Morris, D. S. Shadd.
Hopkinsville, Ky.: Revs. M. Brooks, T. H. Copeland, M. Kirby, W. M. Newell, E. Williams.
Houston, Texas: Revs. C. K. Brown, J. R. Burdett, E. H. Bolden, F. L. Lights.
Indianapolis, Ind.: Revs. J. S. Bailey, C. S. Dusenberry, B. H. Ferrell, A. H. Maloney, G. W. Ward, B. J. Westbrook, C. S. Williams.
Jackson, Miss.: Revs. S. C. Greer, R. Isabelle, B. T. McEween, M. L. Vonadore.
Jacksonville, Fla.: Revs. W. W. Carter, J. E. Ford, E. J. Gregg, J. K. Salterwhite, S. H. Savage, W. R. Stephens.
Jersey City, N.J.: Revs. W. A. Byrd, A. Carter, A. C. Sanders, W. S. Smith.
Kansas City, Kan.: Revs. W. A. Boran, J. F. Griffin, D. A. Holmes, W. A. Johnson.
Kansas City, Mo.: Revs. S. A. Bacote, G. H. Daniels, D. A. Homes, J. B. Isaacs, J. W. Lowe, W. T. Osborne, M. E. Spatches.
Leavenworth, Kan.: Revs. Curtis, Hayes, Scott, and Wright.
Little Rock, Ark.: Revs. J. A. Booker, F. H. Cook, J. M. Mitchell, R. B. Porter, J. M. Reed, J. P. Robinson.
Los Angeles, Cal.: Revs. W. B. Butler, W. T. Cleghorn, J. D. Gordon, N. P. Cregg, A. P. Shaw, A. M. Ward, J. H. Wilson.
Louisville, Ky.: Revs. J. H. Frank, E. G. Harris, C. H. Parrish, W. H. Sheppard, W. P. Stanely, C. C. Steward, N. H. Williams.
Lynchburg, Va.: Revs. G. E. Curry, L. O. Lewis, B. Whitlock.
Memphis, Tenn.: Revs. J. Bell, R. L. Campbelle, T. O. Fuller, S. E. Griggs, J. Q. Johnson, W. J. McMichael, H. L. Patterson, R. B. Roberts, F. G. Snelson, A. M. Townsend, M. I. Warfield.
Milwaukee, Wis.: Revs. J. O. Morley, R. Russell.
Minneapolis, Minn.: Revs. J. A. Breedlove, V. S. Cooper, J. J. Evans, F. Leatled, T. J. J. Merritt, G. W. Mirchell, T. A. Smith, C. H. Thomas.
Mobile, Ala.: Revs. W. E. D. Claybrook, C. F. Johnson, G. W. Johnson, H. D. Parker, W. D. Speights.
Montgomery, Ala.: Rev. I. Champney, W. M. Madison, A. J. Stokes, P. W. Walls.
Mound Bayou, Miss.: Revs. A. A. Cosen, F. Morgan, J. R. Powe.
Muskogee, Okla.: Revs. T. M. Greene, S. S. Jones, J. Johnson, A. R. Norris, J. Roker, A. Wells.
Nashville, Tenn.: Revs. G. W. Allen, H. A. Boyd, R. H. Boyd, W. Haynes, E. P. Jones, W. Beckham, R. P. Russell, P. Taylor.
Newark, N.J.: Revs. Bonfield, Brown, Derrick, Ellerson, Flipping, Hubbard, Ricks, and Welcher.
New Orleans, La.: Revs. W. G. Alston, J. L. Burrell, H. H. Dunn, A. Hubbs, T. F. Robinson, A. Simmons, C. C. Smith, E. A. Wittenberg, E. A. White.
Newport News, Va.: Revs. J. W. Brown, A. A. Galvin, G. D. Jimmerson, C. E. Jones, J. T. McDuffie, W. H. Sayles, W. Scarborough, E. E. Smith, J. H. Smith, S. A. Snuggs, C. A. Ward.
New York City, N.Y.: Revs. H. C. Bishop, W. H. Brooks, J. W. Brown, F. A. Culler, E. W. Daniels, W. P. Hayes, F. Howard, F. M. Hyder, J. W. Johnson, W. R. Lawton, A. C. Powell.
Norfolk, Va.: Revs. W. H. Bowling, J. D. Lee, S. S. Morris, L. E. B. Rosser, B. W. White, F. W. Williams, C. P. Madison.
Oakland, Cal.: Revs. J. M. Brown, C. C. Carter, G. C. Coleman, L. S. Goolsby, J. B. Holmes, D. R. Wallace, A. O. Newman.
Omaha, Neb.: Revs. W. F. Botts, J. A. Broadnax, T. A. Taggart, R. Taylor, M. H. Wilkinson, J. A. Williams.
Philadelphia, Pa.: Revs. M. Anderson, F. H. Butler, W. A. Creditt, W. F. Graham, W. A. Hannum, W. A. Harrod, L. G. Jordan, S. J. Jones, J. R. Logan, J. M. Moses, W. G. Parks, H. L. Phillips, C. A. Tindley, M. Winston, R. G. Williams, E. C. Young.
Phoebus, Va.: Rev. A. A. Graham.
Phoenix, Arz.: Revs. C. H. Gilmore, T. J. Sanford.
Pine Bluff, Ark.: Rev. A. W. Clark, A. H. Hill, I. C. Hodges, S. A. Mosely, H. W. Savage.
Pittsburgh, Pa.: Revs. J. C. Austin, S. H. Bishop, H. W. Childs, G. W. Gaines, C. Y. Trigg, C. H. Trusty.
Portland, Oregon: Rev. J. W. Anderson, J. R. Fox, J. E. Reynolds, W. W. Howard, A. C. Yearwood.
Princeton, N. J.: Revs. A. E. Bennett, A. George, W. H. Hicks.
Providence, R. I.: Revs. P. M. Brown, R. A. Carroll, W. S. Holland, W. J. Moss, I. S. Sisco, J. S. Blake.
Raleigh, N. C.: Revs. C. C. Asken, A. D. Avery, A. C. Cochran, L. A. Fairley, A. W. Pegnes, J. W. Walker.
Richmond, Va.: Revs. M. E. Davis, A. Gill, A. A. Rector, W. F. Johnson, Z. D. Lewis, T. J. Ring, W. H. Stokes, J. L. Taylor.
Roanoke, Va.: Revs. L. L. Downing, J. H. Hatcher, A. L. James, W. E. Lee, H. Mapson, Jr., B. G. Whitlock.
Sacramento, Cal.: Revs. J. A. Allen, T. A. Collins, T. A. Harvey, A. Prior.
San Antonio, Texas: Revs. G. F. Curry, S. J. Johnson, I. H. Kelley, L. H. Richardson.
San Francisco, Cal.: Revs. W. J. J. Byers, J. A. Dennis, J. Washington.
Salt Lake City, Utah: Rev. X. C. Runyon.
Saratoga Springs, N. Y.: Rev. T. R. Brown.
Savannah, Ga.: Revs. W. G. Alexander, J. H. Brown, T. J. Goodall, S. T. Redd, J. A. Richie, D. Wright.
Seattle, Wash.: Revs. J. B. Barbour, W. D. Carter, D. A. Graham.
Shreveport, La.: Revs. L. Allen, Jr., J. M. Carter, G. W. Mills, G. T. Stinson.
St. Louis, Mo.: Revs. B. F. Abbott, D. R. Clark, S. A. Mosely, S. W. Parr, B. G. Shaw, G. E. Stevens, C. A. Williams.
St. Paul, Minn.: Rev. J. A. Anderson, G. W. Camp, T. J. Carr, B. H. Hodge, A. H. Lealted, S. L. Theobold, J. S. Strong.
Tampa, Florida: Revs. W. J. Ballan, W. O. Barley, M. T. Culmer, G. Griffin, T. Gurley, S. A. Williams.
Terre Haute, Ind.: Revs. O. H. Banks, C. M. C. Hammonds, W. S. Hodge, C. L. Upthegrove.
Washington, D.C.: Revs. W. H. Brooks, T. J. Brown, W. H. Carey, M. W. Clair, F. J. Grimke, J. R. Hawkins, W. H. Jernagin, C. L. Mitchell, W. D. Norman, C. M. Turner.
Wichita, Kan.: Revs. S. B. Butler, E. F. Fishback, E. P. Geiger, J. R. Ransom.
Wilberforce, Ohio: Rev. T. G. Steward.
Wilmington, Del.: Revs. H. Y. Arnett, H. C. Jones, J. U. King, B. F. Moore.
Wilmington, N. C.: Revs. J. R. Bormes, W. H. Moore, J. A. Jackson, A. Williet, A. Wilson.
Aside from the foregoing list of Colored ministers, there are many thousands of others whose names the writer did not get in his research but who are known to be faithfully serving on similar or smaller but none the less important scales in the above or smaller cities, towns, villages and country districts all over the United States.
THE GLOBE—BETHLEHEM, PA., SATURDAY, APRIL 3, 1920
Eastertide and Springtime
From spring does Easter get its blend
In new-born life of plants and men,
And thus the two will ever trend,
While God with love the world does tend.
New life and hope in spring are seen,
As fields unfold their rugs of green
Where robins bold in songs serene
Strut forth in cheer that is supreme.
Fresh is the air with fragrant smell;
Calm are the creeks of winter swell;
And pious men will always tell
Of peace they hear in Easter’s knell.
Young crops on farms have just begun
To feel the warmth of golden sun
That sends its beams to dance and run
With little babes in play and fun.
Up from the mire of earth’s black room
White lilies rise in purest bloom
To drive away all tainted gloom
And leave on earth their sweet perfume.
Thus did our Christ from manger start
And served the role of Jesus’ part—
Thence on the cross to give His heart
In pay for sins that must depart.
So to our minds is always borne
That every man can shed his thorn
As did our Christ so bruised and torn
From earth arose on Easter morn.
—William Henry Harrison, Jr.,
820 Wyandotte St.
IN THE SUNDAY SCHOOLS
IN no surroundings of childhood, except the home life, is there a more suitable or fruitful place in which to spiritually nourish and grow up Colored youths than in the forty-six thousand or more Colored Sunday Schools where over two million boys and girls are regularly having impressed upon their tender and open minds the religious teachings of the Bible.
As a step toward further broadening the Sunday School work among American Colored children and at the same time enabling them to get better teachings about the Christian religion, The International Sunday School Association began in 1911 to organize classes for specially training Sunday School teachers among the young men and women attending Colored colleges and large schools. Many white friends to the Race became interested in this good movement, especially Mr. W. N. Hartshorn of Boston, Mass., who gave of his own personal money $15,000 to pay the expenses of a fair trial of the work. This Christian effort has aroused so much interest and has grown so rapidly that at present upward of two hundred Colored universities, colleges and large schools have accepted and given this Sunday School Teachers’ Course a regular place in their class room studies.
Some of the foremost religious leaders who are helping to direct and carry on this much needed work among American Colored children are Bishop Geo. W. Clinton and Dr. R. H. Boyd, both life members of the International Sunday School Association; Prof. Wm. B. Matthews, member of the Executive Committee of the above association, Dr. H. G. Lyman, Supt. of work among Colored people, and Mr. M. L. Finckel, President of the American Sunday School Union. (Ref.: Work’s Negro Year Book, 1918-1919 edition, pgs. 1-257-8).
THE YOUNG WOMEN’S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION
The Girl Reserve
If she’s a three-angled, true “Y” Girl Reserve;
The world she is willing to Christlike serve:
Her sunshine smiles will come thru rains;
Her kind heart will guide her fertile brains:
She will love to work as well as play;
She will have “good times” but not too gay:
She will swim the streams and camp the woods;
She will love all sports that are pure and good:
And thus she learns “the simple life” reader
To make her some day a great woman leader.
—Harrison.
UNDER the sisterly and wise supervision of Miss Eva D. Bowles, as the first salaried Y. W. C. A. Colored branch secretary in New York City and since then Executive of Colored Work, the Young Women’s Christian Association for Colored girls and women has made wonderful progress, since 1907 when Mrs. Wm. A. Hunton was appointed by the National Board to investigate and arouse interest in the work. As Special Student Worker, Miss Catherine Lealted greatly aided in building up and strengthening this work in Colored schools until she took up work in another field of uplift.
Today there are over fifty city Y. W. C. A. Colored Branches in as many cities in 23 states and the District of Columbia; while there are at least 100 such branches in Colored schools located in 18 States and the District of Columbia. Just as the school branches are the means of helping to build up and fortify the practical Christian minds of the girls who join them; the city branches prove sheltering havens and protections for self-respecting and self-supporting Colored single girls and women when they leave such schools and respectable homes to embark upon the rough oceans of life and desire to nightly anchor in places of moral protection, social uplift, mental development, sanitary conditions, congenial companionships, pleasures of innocence and Christian influences. For the safe arrival and calm anchorage of such Colored girls and women, the writer assures them that the following list of addresses is a true compass needle that will, when they set-sail for a new city port, safely guide them into any of the following beacon-lighted Y. W. C. A. Christian Harbors:
Atlanta, Georgia, Y. W. C. A., 196 Piedmont Avenue.
Augusta, Georgia, Y. W. C. A., 1104 Gwinnett Street.
Baltimore, Maryland, Y. W. C. A., 1200 Druid Hill Avenue.
Bridgeport, Conn., Y. W. C. A., 70 Beach Street.
Brooklyn, N. Y., Y. W. C. A., 45 Ashland Place.
Camden, N. J., Y. W. C. A., 829 Kaighn Avenue.
Charleston, S. C., Y. W. C. A., 106 Coming Street.
Chattanooga, Tenn., Y. W. C. A., 411 East 9th Street.
Chicago, Ill., Y. W. C. A., 3541 Indiana Avenue.
Cincinnati, Ohio, Y. W. C. A., 704 Eighth Street.
Columbia, S. C., Y. W. C. A., 1323 Assembly Street.
Columbus, Ohio, Y. W. C. A., 495 East Long Street.
Dayton, Ohio, Y. W. C. A., 800 West Fifth Street.
Des Moines, Iowa, Y. W. C. A., 728 Walnut Street.
Detroit, Mich., Y. W. C. A., 2111 St. Aubin Avenue.
East St. Louis, Mo., Y. W. C. A., 826 East Broadway.
Fort Worth, Texas, Y. W. C. A., 415 East 6th Avenue.
Germantown, Pa., Y. W. C. A., 6128 Germantown Avenue.
Harrisburg, Pa., Y. W. C. A., 804 Cowden Street.
Houston, Texas, Y. W. C. A., 806 Clay Avenue.
Jersey City, N. J., Y. W. C. A., 31 Ege Avenue.
Kansas City, Mo., Y. W. C. A., 1501 East 19th Street.
Little Rock, Ark., Y. W. C. A., 924 Gaines Street.
Los Angeles, Cal., Y. W. C. A., 1108 West 12th Street.
Louisville, Ky., Y. W. C. A., 1021 W. Madison Street.
Lynchburg, Va., Y. W. C. A., 613 Monroe Street.
McKeesport, Pa., Y. W. C. A., 317 Tenth Street.
Montclair, N. J., Y. W. C. A., 159 Glenridge Avenue.
Nashville, Tenn., Y. W. C. A., 436 Fifth Avenue, North.
Newark, N. J., Y. W. C. A., 71 Wilsey Street.
Newcastle, Pa., Y. W. C. A., 140 Elm Street.
Newport News, Va., Y. W. C. A., 2300 Madison Avenue.
New York City, N. Y., Y. W. C. A., 179 West 137th Street.
Oakland, Cal., Y. W. C. A., 828 Linden Street.
Omaha, Neb., Y. W. C. A., 2306 No. 22nd Street.
Orange, N. J., Y. W. C. A., 78 Oakwood Avenue.
Petersburg, Va., Y. W. C. A., 457 Harding Street.
Philadelphia, Pa., Y. W. C. A., 756 South 16th Street.
Pittsburgh, Pa., Y. W. C. A., 2215 Wylie Avenue.
Portland, Oregon, Y. W. C. A., Broadway and Taylor Streets.
Richmond, Va., Y. W. C. A., 515 South 7th Street.
San Antonio, Texas, Y. W. C. A., 328 North Pino Street.
St. Joseph, Mo., Y. W. C. A., 1021 Francis Street.
St. Louis, Mo., Y. W. C. A., 703 North Garrison Street.
St. Paul, Minn., Y. W. C. A., 598 West Central Avenue.
Springfield, Ohio, Y. W. C. A., 134 West Clark Street.
Warren, Ohio, Y. W. C. A., 132 North Park Avenue.
Washington, D.C., Y. W. C. A., 901 Rhode Island Avenue.
Williamsport, Pa., Y. W. C. A., 429 Walnut Street.
Winston-Salem, N. C., Y. W. C. A., 717 East Depot Street.
Youngstown, Ohio, Y. W. C. A., 248 Belmont Avenue.
Among the foremost Y. W. C. A. Colored leaders who are so nobly and ably assisting Miss Eva D. Bowles in the smooth and efficient supervision of the above named branches are Misses May B. Belcher, Crystal Bird, Mabel Brady, Mary E. Jackson, Josephine Pinyon, Lucy B. Richmond, Adele F. Ruffin, Clayda Williams, Mrs. Charlton Wallace, and Mrs. Cordella A. Winn. Before her death on December 31, 1919, Mrs. Marie A. Wilder was one of the most faithful and hardest workers in the above group.
But the main stream of success connected with this work has come about through the “working together” “branch relationship” co-operation on the parts of Mrs. Samuel J. Broadwell, Treasurer; Miss Mable Cratty, Gen’l Sec’y; Mrs. Jas. S. Cushman, 1st Vice-Pres.; Mrs. John French, Chairman Execu. Com.; Mrs. Lewis H. Lapham, Sec’y; Mrs. Wm. W. Rossiter, 2nd Vice-Pres.; and Mrs. Robt. E. Speer, President, who compose the National Board (white) of The Young Womens Christian Association of the United States of America. And in the different cities where they are established the white and Colored branch workers are carrying on the above co-operations. During the World War, the War Work Council showed its co-operation by appointing a Colored Work Committee with Miss Eva D. Bowles as Executive and Mrs. Charlton Wallace as Chairman and, The War Work Council, “recognizing the loyalty and need of the colored girls and women in this country, appropriated $400,000 for the work.”
In speaking of the work of this committee Miss Bowles said, “The Y. W. C. A. is the only organization that is handling the work with all girls alike, and the result of its efforts is bound to be the building up of the confidence of the colored race, not only in the nation itself but in Christianity. With the colored, as with all other women and girls throughout the world, the aim of the Y. W. C. A. is a constructive foundation of Christian ideals. Girls are girls, whatever their race or complexion. As naturally as a flower demands sunshine and rain, a girl craves good times, pretty clothes and happiness.”
In closing this vital chapter, the writer can think of no better way than to quote the following words of Miss Bowles when she summed up the past and pointed out the future regarding the leaderships of Colored women among their own people in the United States.
“The war has given opportunity to the colored woman to prove her ability for leadership. She had her chance and she made good. With all the strength of having suffered, she will be able, through the patience born of suffering, to lead the women and girls whom only she can lead. The time is past for white leadership for colored people. As white and colored women, we must understand each other, we must think and work and plan together for upon all of us rests the responsibility of the girlhood of our nation.”
THE YOUNG MEN’S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION
The “Y” Men
The buildings where, “Y” men do live
Have comforts like, dear mothers give.
Fine lodgings they are for single men,
Who with the best do want to blend.
Without rank smoke and vulgar swear
Billiards and pool are also there
The gym., the baths and sleeping rooms
Give to their healths the greatest booms.
Night schools and also Christian talks
Do most to guide young “Y” men walks.
—Harrison.
THE 110 Negro college Young Men’s Christian Associations and the fifty or more city branches is as many cities in twenty-three different states in the Union are really God-sends to thousands of young Colored men who prefer to spend their spare minutes in the best places of physical cleanliness, social purity and mental advancement. These “Y” branches in the cities are also great blessings for thousands of intelligent, refined and progressive Colored men who are constantly visiting strange places on important businesses and want to be sure they are stopping in modern, sanitary, decent, respectable and congenial lodgings.
Mr. Julius Rosenwald of Chicago, Ill. made an offer in 1911 to give the sum of $25,000 to every city in the United States that would raise $75,000 by public subscription for the construction of a Y. M. C. A. building for the use of Colored people. This offer was gladly and eagerly accepted and as a result buildings have already been erected in Atlanta, Ga., Baltimore, Md., Brooklyn, N.Y., Chicago, Ill., Columbus, O., Indianapolis, Ind., Kansas City, Mo., New York City, N. Y., Philadelphia, Pa., Pittsburgh, Pa., St. Louis, Mo., and Washington, D.C. During the past ten years Mr. Rosenwald has given $350,000 toward the erection of these buildings, other white people have given nearly a million dollars, while Colored people have contributed over a quarter of a million dollars. Thus over two million dollars have already been expended in the construction of Y. M. C. A. buildings in cities for Colored men.
Great credit for the early development and rapid growth of this work is due the late W. A. Hunton, who was made a member on the staff of the International Secretary Board of the Y. M. C. A. Today this work is continuing to rapidly grow and spread with the friendly co-operation and hearty support of Messrs. B. H. Fancher, Treas., A. E. Marling, Chairman and J. R. Mott, Gen’l Sec’y of The International Committee of the Y. M. C. A., and under the wise supervision of Dr. J. E. Mooreland, who is being ably assisted by H. K. Craft, W. C. Craver, R. P. Hamlin, C. H. Tobias, J. B. Watson, Max Yergen and other efficient members on that large staff. During the World War 350 Y. M. C. A. Colored Secretaries, under the guidance of Dr. J. E. Moorland, R. B. DeFrantz, W. J. Faulkner, J. F. Gregory and G. L. Johnson loyally served Colored soldiers stationed in 55 camps, training schools and forts in America. Among those who were the leaders in Y. M. C. A. and social work among the Colored soldiers over-seas were J. E. Blanton, Mrs. Helen Curtis, Miss Helen Hagan, Dr. John Hope, Mrs. Addie Hunton, Miss Katherine Johnson, Dr. B. M. Murrell, Dr. H. H. Proctor, C. H. Williams and Max Yergen.
In the following named cities Y. M. C. A. Branches are being directed and carried on by their secretaries for the encouragement and uplift of Colored youths:
Akron, Ohio, G. W. Thompson, Secretary, 259 So. Main Street.
Asheville, N. C., N. Martin, Secretary, Market & Eagle Streets.
Atlanta, Ga., W. J. Trent, Secretary, 146 Butler Street.
Atlantic City, N. J., C. M. Cain, Secretary, 1711 Artic Avenue.
Augusta, Ga., Silas Floyd, Secretary, 9th and Miller Streets.
Baltimore, Md., S. S. Booker, Secretary, 1619 Druid Hill Avenue.
Beloit, Wis., J. D. Stevenson, Secretary, Colored Men’s Branch.
Benham, Ky., Alex. Gregory, Secretary, Colored Men’s Branch.
Birmingham, Ala., A. M. Walker, Secretary, Acipco Branch.
Bluefield, W. Va., P. A. Goins, Secretary, 432 Scott Street.
Boston, Mass., B. F. Seldon, Secretary, 316 Huntington Street.
Brooklyn, N. Y., R. M. Meroney, Secretary, 405 Carlton Avenue.
Buxton, Iowa, W. L. Hutcherson, General Secretary.
Camden, N. J., E. C. Richardson, Secretary, Hunton Branch.
Charleston, S. C., G. D. Brock, Secretary, 61 Cannon Street.
Charlotte, N. C., J. B. F. Prather, Y. M. C. A., State Committeeman.
Chicago, Ill., George R. Arthur, Secretary, 3763 So. Wabash Avenue.
Cincinnati, Ohio, B. W. Overton, 436 W. Ninth Street.
Columbus, Ohio, N. B. Allen, Secretary, 202 E. Spring Street.
Columbus, Ga., Robert D. Kelsey, Secretary, 521 Ninth Street.
Crossett, Arkansas, Chas. E. Johnson, Secretary Colored Men’s Dep’t.
Dallas, Tex., J. D. Rice, Secretary, 3710 State Street.
Dayton, Ohio, John A. Green, Secretary, Fifth Street Branch.
Denver, Col., T. J. Bell, Secretary, 2800 Glenarm Street.
Detroit, Mich., H. S. Dunbar, Secretary, 1930 St. Antonia Street.
Des Moines, Iowa, E. C. Robinson, Secretary, 782 West 9th Street.
East Moline, Ill., B. G. Smith, Secretary, Colored Men’s Branch.
East St. Louis, Ill., J. E. Nance, Secretary, Colored Men’s Branch.
Englewood, N. J., W. H. Kindle, Secretary, 135 W. 132nd St., N.Y. City.
Evanston, Ill., J. D. Ross, Secretary, 1014 Emerson Street.
Fort Worth, Tex., S. H. Fowler, Sr., Secretary, 915½ Calhoun Street.
Gary, Ind., H. K. Craft, Secretary, 1716 Washington Street.
Germantown, Pa., Leon C. James, Secretary, 132 West Rittenhouse St.
Greenwood, Miss., Thos. M. Elliott, Secretary, Hunton Branch, Box 283.
Harrisburg, Pa., Fritz Caneler, Secretary, 644 Broad Street.
Houston, Texas, H. P. Carter, Secretary, 711 Prairie Avenue.
Indianapolis, Ind., F. E. DeFrantz, Secretary, 450 N. Senate Avenue.
Indiana Harbor, Ind., A. G. Fallings, Secretary, 2115 137th Street.
Kansas City, Mo., F. A. Harris, Secretary, 1824 Pasco Boulevarde.
Los Angeles, Cal., T. A. Greene, Secretary, 1400 E. Ninth Street.
Louisville, Ky., J. W. Ramsey in charge, 920 West Chestnut St.
Marshall, Tex., J. W. Davis, Secretary, Colored Men’s Branch.
Miami, Fla., G. P. McKinney, Jr., Secretary, 1st Street & Avenue H.
Mineola, Long Island, R. T. Weatherby, Secretary, Nassau-Suffolk County.
Mobile, Ala., W. J. Williams, Secretary, 510 Congress Street.
Montclair, N. J., C. H. Bullock, Secretary, Bloomfield Avenue Branch.
Nashville, Tenn., W. N. Sanders, Secretary, Cor. Cedar St., & 4th Ave. No.
Newport News, Va., A. F. Williams, Secretary, 2201 Marshall Avenue.
New York City, N. Y., Thos. E. Taylor, Secretary, 181 West 135th Street.
Norfolk, Va., C. C. Dogan, Secretary, 440 E. Queen Street.
Oakland, Cal., Allen O. Newman, Secretary, Colored Men’s Branch.
Orange, N. J., J. W. Bowers, Secretary, 34 Cebtral Place.
Philadelphia, Pa., H. W. Porter, Secretary, 1724 Christian Street.
Pittsburgh, Pa., S. R. Morsell, Secretary, 1847 Central Avenue.
Princeton, N. J., H. H. Cain, Secretary, 102 Witherspoon Street.
Richmond, Va., Secretary, 214 East Leigh Street.
Ridgewood, N. J., A. E. Flournoy, Secretary, 220 Broad Street.
Rouse, Col., W. T. Thornton, Secretary, Colo. Fuel & Iron Company.
Savannah, Ga., T. Walter Moore, Secretary, 817 West Broad Street.
Sewickley, Pa., J. T. Morris, Secretary, 411 Walnut Street.
Springfield, Ohio, W. S. Smith, Secretary, 209 So. Center Street.
St. Louis, Mo., D. D. Jones, Secretary, 2839 Pine Street.
Tulsa, Okla., G. A. Gregg, Secretary, Hunton Branch.
Washington, D.C., Wm. Stevenson, Secretary, 1816 12th Street, N. W.
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF COLORED WOMEN
National Colored Club Women
“Lifting As We Climb”—Their motto in life
Is their battle cry in uplift strife
In leading their women to higher things
So better to rear their Race off-springs.
—Harrison.
WHILE they went about their self-imposed and greatly beneficial tasks in somewhat crude ways that were executed under circumstances far more trying and peculiar than these modern times; nevertheless, Harriet Tubman and Sojourner Truth may be rightly called the first real welfare and uplift national workers among American Colored women. And the histories of the untiring efforts, speakings and lectures of those two pioneers who fearlessly worked for the freedom of their Race sisters and brothers should be learned by all Colored youths, especially girls.
While leading Colored women throughout the country as far back as 1894 had already decided and carefully planned to gather and form some kind of a national body among themselves, they were indeed suddenly inspired to whole-heartedly and fearlessly carry out those plans immediately, when a prejudiced white editor of a village paper in the United States published an open letter in which he accused alike all American Colored women as being without moral characters and uplifting principles. Not only the educated, refined and moral Colored women resented and challenged that poisoned-pen letter that had lied on and slandered a whole race of their sisters, but the largest nationally known white newspapers of large cities in both America and Europe came out in broad-minded editorials verbally chastising and denouncing without mercy that editor of their race who stained his profession and shamed his race by stooping so low in unsuccessfully using that narrow-minded and short-sighted means of gaining subscriptions for his failing paper and fame for his unheard of name.
As a result of the above plans and decisions nearly a dozen States sent upward of a hundred leading and representative Colored women who met in July 1895 in Boston, Mass., where the first National Convention of Colored Women was formed, with Mrs. Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin as president, Mrs. Booker T. Washington and Mrs. Helen Cook as Vice-Presidents and Miss Elizabeth C. Carter as secretary. During the meeting that convention was given the name of “The National Association of Colored Women.” This body became affiliated with The National Council of Women in 1900 and was incorporated in 1904. At different times it has had as its presidents; Mrs. Mary Church Terrell, A. M., Washington, D.C., Mrs. Booker T. Washington, Tuskegee Institute, Ala., Miss Elizabeth C. Carter, New Bedford, Mass., Mrs. Mary B. Talbert, Buffalo, N. Y. and Miss Hallie Q. Brown, Wilberforce, Ohio, who is its present presiding officer. Those who are Miss Brown’s closest assistants in helping to carry on this noble work are named as follows: Mrs. Janie Porter Barrett, Peake, Va., Mrs. Ruth L. Bennett, Chester, Pa., Mrs. Alice Cary, Atlanta, Ga., Mrs. Charlotte Dett, Niagara Falls, N. Y., Mrs. Addie W. Dickerson, Phila., Pa., Mrs. C. L. Hamilton, Indianola, Ill., Mrs. C. R. McDowell, Hannibal, Mo., Mrs. J. C. Napier, Nashville, Tenn., Miss Georgia A. Nugent, Louisville, Ky., Mrs. Minnie Scott, Toledo, Ohio, Mrs. E. J. N. Simms, Spokane, Wash., Mrs. Mamie E. Steward, Louisville, Ky., Mrs. Marion Wilkerson, Orangeburg, S. C. and Mrs. W. T. B. Williams, Tuskegee Institute, Ala.
In regard to the relations of this association with the International Council of Women, several Colored women have attended different European meetings as representatives from the United States. Foremost among such women are Miss Hallie Q. Brown, Mrs. Mary Church Terrell, Mrs. Mary B. Talbert and Dr. Mary F. Waring. The following is an extract from the July 1921 issue of The Crisis:
“The Committee on International Relations—the highest committee of women in personnel of representatives in the League of Nations—has chosen Mrs. Mary B. Talbert as a member. Mrs. Talbert was the first accredited Negro delegate to sit in the International Council of women and one of five American women to speak for the National Council of Women of the United States of America in the House of Parliament at Norway.”
The quotation below is taken from the February 1921 issue of The Favorite Magazine. “Dr. Mary F. Waring, recently returned from a trip through eleven European countries, and one of twenty American women to represent the United States at the International Council of Women in Norway. She had the distinction of being the only woman commissioner of the Lincoln Jubilee in 1915 and the organizer of the Red Cross units Canteen and Home Nursing classes during the World War. After the war the Community Service appointed her as a national organizer for girls’ work.”
Some of the national leading and most prominent Colored women before the public today who as workers in this association or along other elevating lines have encouraged, inspired and helped thousands of American Colored girls to move out of Nobody’s Alley and live on Somebody’s Avenue are Miss Mary M. Bethune, Daytona, Fla., Miss Eva D. Bowles, New York City, N. Y., Miss Hallie Q. Brown, Wilberforce, O., Miss Nannie H. Burroughs, Washington, D.C., Madame E. Azalia Hackley, Detroit, Mich., Mrs. Addie W. Hunton, New York City, N. Y., Miss Jane E. Hunter, Cleveland, O., Miss Lucey Laney, Augusta, Ga., Mrs. S. W. Layton, Phila., Pa., Mrs. R. R. Moton, Tuskegee, Ala., Mrs. Alice Dunbar Nelson, Wilmington, Del., Mrs. Mary B. Talbert, Buffalo, N. Y., Mrs. Florence C. Talbert, Detroit, Mich., Mrs. Mary Church Terrell, Washington, D. C., Mrs. Maggie L. Walker, Richmond, Va., Dr. Mary F. Waring, Chicago., Ill., Mrs. Booker T. Washington, Tuskegee Institute, Ala. and Mrs. Butler R. Wilson, Boston, Mass.
