THE PERIOD WHEN, THE INTERIOR ORGANIZATION OF THE MONARCHY HAVING BEEN COMPLETED, THE SPANISH NATION ENTERED ON ITS SCHEMES OF DISCOVERY AND CONQUEST; OR THE PERIOD ILLUSTRATING MORE PARTICULARLY THE FOREIGN POLICY OF FERDINAND AND ISABELLA.
CHAPTER I. ITALIAN WARS.—GENERAL VIEW OF EUROPE.—INVASION OF ITALY BY CHARLES VIII., OF FRANCE. FOREIGN POLITICS DIRECTED BY FERDINAND EUROPE AT THE CLOSE OF THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY CHARACTER OF THE REIGNING SOVEREIGNS IMPROVED POLITICAL AND MORAL CONDITION MORE INTIMATE RELATIONS BETWEEN STATES FOREIGN RELATIONS CONDUCTED BY THE SOVEREIGN ITALY THE SCHOOL OF POLITICS HER MOST POWERFUL STATES CHARACTER OF ITALIAN POLITICS INTERNAL PROSPERITY INTRIGUES OF SFORZA CHARLES VIII., OF FRANCE HIS PRETENSIONS TO NAPLES NEGOTIATIONS RESPECTING ROUSSILLON CHARLES'S COUNSELLORS IN THE PAY OP FERDINAND TREATY OF BARCELONA ITS IMPORTANCE TO SPAIN ALARM AT THE FRENCH INVASION, IN ITALY IN EUROPE, ESPECIALLY SPAIN PREPARATIONS OF CHARLES AN ENVOY SENT TO THE FRENCH COURT ANNOUNCES FERDINAND'S VIEWS CHARLES'S DISSATISFACTION THE FRENCH CROSS THE ALPS ITALIAN TACTICS THE SWISS INFANTRY FRENCH ARTILLERY SFORZA JEALOUS OF THE FRENCH THE POPE CONFERS THE TITLE OF CATHOLIC NAVAL PREPARATIONS IN SPAIN SECOND MISSION TO CHARLES VIII BOLD CONDUCT OF THE ENVOYS THE KING OF NAPLES FLIES TO SICILY THE FRENCH ENTER NAPLES GENERAL HOSTILITY TO THEM LEAGUE OF VENICE ZURITA'S LIFE AND WRITINGS
CHAPTER II. ITALIAN WARS.—RETREAT OF CHARLES VIII.—CAMPAIGNS OF GONSALVO DE CORDOVA.—FINAL EXPULSION OF THE FRENCH. CONDUCT OF CHARLES PLUNDERS THE WORKS OF ART RETREAT OF THE FRENCH GONSALVO DE CORDOVA HIS EARLY LIFE HIS BRILLIANT QUALITIES RAISED TO THE ITALIAN COMMAND ARRIVES IN ITALY LANDS IN CALABRIA MARCHES ON SEMINARA GONSALVO'S PRUDENCE BATTLE OF SEMINARA DEFEAT OF THE NEAPOLITANS GONSALVO RETREATS TO REGGIO FERDINAND RECOVERS HIS CAPITAL GONSALVO IN CALABRIA HIS SUCCESSES DECLINE OF THE FRENCH BESIEGED IN ATELLA GONSALVO SURPRISES LAINO ARRIVES BEFORE ATELLA RECEIVES THE TITLE OF GREAT CAPTAIN BEATS A DETACHMENT OF SWISS CAPITULATION OF MONTPENSIER MISERABLE STATE OF THE FRENCH DEATH OF FERDINAND OF NAPLES ACCESSION OF FREDERIC II TOTAL EXPULSION OF THE FRENCH REMARKS ON GUICCIARDINI AND GIOVIO SISMONDI
CHAPTER III. ITALIAN WARS.—GONSALVO SUCCORS THE POPE.—TREATY WITH FRANCE.— ORGANIZATION OF THE SPANISH MILITIA. WAR ON THE SIDE OF ROUSSILLON THE POPE ASKS THE AID OF GONSALVO STORMING AND CAPTURE OF OSTIA GONSALVO ENTERS ROME HIS RECEPTION BY THE POPE RETURNS TO SPAIN PEACE WITH FRANCE FERDINAND'S VIEWS RESPECTING NAPLES HIS FAME ACQUIRED BY THE WAR INFLUENCE OF THE WAR ON SPAIN ORGANIZATION OF THE MILITIA
CHAPTER IV. ALLIANCES OF THE ROYAL FAMILY.—DEATH OF PRINCE JOHN AND PRINCESS ISABELLA. ROYAL FAMILY OF CASTILE JOANNA BELTRANEJA MARRIAGE OF THE PRINCESS ISABELLA DEATH OF HER HUSBAND ALLIANCES WITH THE HOUSE OF AUSTRIA AND THAT OF ENGLAND JOANNA EMBARKS THE QUEEN'S ANXIETY MARGARET OF AUSTRIA RETURNS IN THE FLEET MARRIAGE OF JOHN AND MARGARET SECOND MARRIAGE OF PRINCESS ISABELLA SUDDEN ILLNESS OF PRINCE JOHN HIS DEATH HIS AMIABLE CHARACTER THE KING AND QUEEN OF PORTUGAL VISIT SPAIN OBJECTIONS TO THEIR RECOGNITION ISABELLA DISPLEASED HER DAUGHTER'S DEATH ITS EFFECTS ON ISABELLA PRINCE MIGUEL'S RECOGNITION
CHAPTER V. DEATH OF CARDINAL MENDOZA.—RISE OF XIMENES.—ECCLESIASTICAL REFORM. DEATH OF MENDOZA HIS EARLY LIFE AND CHARACTER HIS AMOURS THE QUEEN HIS EXECUTOR BIRTH OF XIMENES HE VISITS ROME HIS RETURN AND IMPRISONMENT ESTABLISHED AT SIGUENZA ENTERS THE FRANCISCAN ORDER HIS SEVERE PENANCE HIS ASCETIC LIFE HE IS MADE GUARDIAN OF SALZEDA INTRODUCED TO THE QUEEN MADE HER CONFESSOR ELECTED PROVINCIAL CORRUPTION OF THE MONASTERIES ATTEMPTS AT REFORM SEE OF TOLEDO VACANT OFFERED TO XIMENES HE RELUCTANTLY ACCEPTS CHARACTERISTIC ANECDOTES OF XIMENES HIS AUSTERE LIFE REFORM IN HIS DIOCESE EXAMPLE OF HIS SEVERITY REFORM OF THE MONASTIC ORDERS GREAT EXCITEMENT CAUSED BY IT VISIT OF THE FRANCISCAN GENERAL INSULTS THE QUEEN THE POPE'S INTERFERENCE CONSENTS TO THE REFORM ITS OPERATION AND EFFECTS ALVARO GOMEZ, AND BIOGRAPHERS OF XIMENES
CHAPTER VI. XIMENES IN GRANADA.—PERSECUTION, INSURRECTION, AND CONVERSION OF THE MOORS. INTRODUCTORY REMARKS XIMENES, HIS CONSTANCY OF PURPOSE TRANQUIL STATE OF GRANADA TENDILLA TALAVERA ARCHBISHOP OF GRANADA HIS MILD POLICY THE CLERGY DISSATISFIED WITH IT TEMPERATE SWAY OF THE SOVEREIGNS XIMENES IN GRANADA HIS VIOLENT MEASURES DESTROYS ARABIC BOOKS MISCHIEVOUS EFFECTS REVOLT OF THE ALBAYCIN XIMENES BESIEGED IN HIS PALACE THE INSURGENTS APPEASED BY TALAVERA DISPLEASURE OF THE SOVEREIGNS XIMENES HASTENS TO COURT CONVERSION OP GRANADA APPLAUDED BY THE SPANIARDS
CHAPTER VII. RISING IN THE ALPUXARRAS.—DEATH OF ALONSO DE AGUILAR.—EDICT AGAINST THE MOORS. THE ALPUXARRAS RISING OF THE MOORS HUEJA SACKED FERDINAND MARCHES INTO THE MOUNTAINS CARRIES LANJARON PUNISHMENT OF THE REBELS REVOLT OF THE SIERRA VERMEJA RENDEZVOUS AT RONDA EXPEDITION INTO THE SIERRA THE MOORS RETREAT UP THE MOUNTAINS RETURN ON THE SPANIARDS ALONSO DE AGUILAR HIS GALLANTRY AND DEATH HIS NOBLE CHARACTER BLOODY ROUT OF THE SPANIARDS DISMAY OF THE NATION THE REBELS SUBMIT TO FERDINAND BANISHMENT OR CONVERSION COMMEMORATIVE BALLADS MELANCHOLY REMINISCENCES EDICT AGAINST THE MOORS OF CASTILE CHRISTIANITY AND MAHOMETANISM CAUSES OF INTOLERANCE AGGRAVATED IN THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY EFFECTS OF THE INQUISITION DEFECTS OF THE TREATY OF GRANADA EVASION OF IT BY THE CHRISTIANS PRIESTLY CASUISTRY LAST NOTICE OF THE MOORS IN THE PRESENT REIGN
CHAPTER VIII. COLUMBUS.—PROSECUTION OF DISCOVERY.—HIS TREATMENT BY THE COURT. PROGRESS OF DISCOVERY MISCONDUCT OF THE COLONISTS COMPLAINTS AGAINST COLUMBUS HIS SECOND RETURN THE QUEEN'S CONFIDENCE IN HIM UNSHAKEN HONORS CONFERRED ON HIM HIS THIRD VOYAGE DISCOVERS TERRA FIRMA MUTINY IN THE COLONY LOUD COMPLAINTS AGAINST COLUMBUS BIGOTED VIEWS IN REGARD TO THE HEATHEN MORE LIBERAL SENTIMENTS OF ISABELLA SHE SENDS BACK THE INDIAN SLAVES AUTHORITY TO BOBADILLA OUTRAGE ON COLUMBUS DEEP REGRET OF THE SOVEREIGNS RECEPTION OF COLUMBUS VINDICATION OF THE SOVEREIGNS COMMISSION TO OVANDO GROUNDLESS IMPUTATIONS ON THE GOVERNMENT THE ADMIRAL'S DESPONDENCY HIS FOURTH AND LAST VOYAGE REMARKABLE FATE OF HIS ENEMIES
CHAPTER IX. SPANISH COLONIAL POLICY. CAREFUL PROVISION FOR THE COLONIES LIBERAL GRANTS LICENSE FOR PRIVATE VOYAGES THEIR SUCCESS INDIAN DEPARTMENT CASA DE CONTRATACION IMPORTANT PAPAL CONCESSIONS SPIRIT OF THE COLONIAL LEGISLATION THE QUEEN'S ZEAL FOB CONVERTING THE NATIVES UNHAPPILY DEFEATED IMMEDIATE PROFITS FROM THE DISCOVERIES ORIGIN OF THE VENEREAL DISEASE MORAL CONSEQUENCES OP THE DISCOVERIES THEIR GEOGRAPHICAL EXTENT HISTORIANS OF THE NEW WORLD PETER MARTYR HERRERA AND MUÑOZ