FOOTNOTES:
[1] “Chemistry of Common Life,” Vol. ii., p. 398.
[2] “The Seventeen Years’ Travels of Pedro de Cieza de Leon through the Mighty Kingdom of Peru,” chap. lxxxiii. p. 211 (English Translation, London, 1709).
[3] “Simplicium Medicamentorum ex novo orbe delectorum quorum in Medicina usus est Historia.” liber iii. Antwerp, 1582 (translated from the Latin edition of Carolus Clusius). I have been unable to refer to the original “History of Aromatics” by Cieza, and corroborate the statements here made in regard to mastiche, tobacco, and oyster shells.
[4] “Strange and delectable history of the Discovery of Peru” (translated T. Nichols, 1581, from the Spanish of 1555, book i. chap. viii.).
[5] “Natural History of the Indies,” (translated into Latin by R. R. Cauxois, 1600) from the Spanish of 1590, book v. chap. xxii.
[6] Travels in Peru, 1838 to 1842, p. 454. London: 1847.
[7] Quoted in Markham’s Travels in Peru and India. London, 1862.
[8] “An American Godling;” the names of others follow.
[9] I have not been able to identify this plant; if intended to be anything more than a creature of the poet’s imagination, it probably yielded a sedative drug known two centuries ago, which is now lost to us.
[10] Travels in Peru, by J. J. Von Tschudi. London: 1847, p. 450.
[11] Op. cit. p. 454.
[12] Companion to Bot. Mag., 1835, i. 161, translated from “Reise im Chile, Peru und auf dem Amazon Ström, 1827 to 1832.”
[13] Pharm. Journ. 1854, pp. 162-4, 213-5, translated from Dr. Weddell’s “Voyage dans le nord de la Bolivie.” Paris: 1853, 8vo. ch. xxix.
[14] From quitar, to take away, and calzon, pantaloon.
[15] “As it is easily damaged by damp in transit, the only absolute security is to have it soldered in tin or zinc, enclosed in wood; such packages generally contain two tambores, or about a Spanish quintal of 100 pounds. Although shipped from many ports along the whole coast, the principal port in Peru seems to be Salaverry, the port of entry to Truxillo, and the principal port for Bolivia is Arica, Mollendo being now closed by the civil war in Peru.”—Squibb’s Ephemeris, ii. 792.
[16] “The Voyage of the Novara,” by Carl Scherzer, vol. iii. p. 402, London, 1863.
[17] A custom, Scherzer says, of these Indians after long and fatiguing marches, which seems to be the result of an instinct, and teaches them how best to mitigate the pressure of the blood.
[18] Chemist and Druggist, 1876, p. 155. Notes on Coca Leaf, by P. L. Simmonds, abstracted from “Mémoire sur le Coca de Pérou.” Par Manuel A. Fuentes (de Lima).
[19] “Systema Materia Medica Vegetabilis Braziliensis,” by C. F. P. de Martius. Leipsic: 1843.
[20] “Journal of a Voyage on the Amazon and Rio Negro,” Hooker’s Journal of Botany, Vol. v., 1853, p. 212.
[21] “Peru, Incidents of Travel and Exploration in the Land of the Incas.” London: 1877.
[22] “The Peruvians at Home,” by Geo. R. Fitzroy Cole. London: 1884.
[23] From the Therapeutic Gazette (Detroit), January, 1886, p. 14, and Pharm. Journ., 1886, p. 705.
[24] “I have given altitudes and measurements approximately in English feet. By the Spanish measurements the altitudes are much greater.”
[25] “It is desirable that there should be a more precise definition of the peculiarities here referred to.—Ed. Ph. J.”
[26] Pharm. Journ., 1860, p. 616, ex Oesterreichische Zeitschrift für Praktische Heiikunde, Nov. 4, 1859.
[27] “Travels in Peru and India.” London: 1862, p. 237.
[28] Op. cit., p. 168.
[29] Squibb’s Ephemeris, vol. ii. p. 790.
[30] A Study of Coca Leaves and their Alkaloids:—P.J. 1891, 1109, 1129, 101.
[31] This forms a stable 10 per cent. solution, which for the use of oculists may be diluted to a 2 per cent. solution, and still remain free from tendency to develop fungoid growths. The salicylic acid remains as free acid in the mixture, as with perchloride of iron it gives a more permanent violet coloration than the so-called salicylate of cocaine. The official solution may be used as an application for producing local anæsthesia or for hypodermic injection, for which purpose it is found to be unirritating. A solution up to the strength of 50 per cent. may be prepared in salicylic acid solution of the above strength, which is nearly saturated.
[32] Cases of danger from cocaine have generally occurred from its quick absorption in hypodermic use, especially in dental operations. Those who have applied it otherwise most freely recognise little danger. In a large experience of the drug, I have not met with a case in which the so-called “Cocaine habit” has been formed.