The Poem

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A barking sound the Shepherd hears,
A cry as of a dog or fox;
He halts—and searches with his eyes
Among the scattered rocks:
And now at distance can discern
A stirring in a brake of fern;
And instantly a dog is seen,
Glancing through that covert green.
The Dog is not of mountain breed;
Its motions, too, are wild and shy;
With something, as the Shepherd thinks,
Unusual in its cry:
Nor is there any one in sight
All round, in hollow or on height;
Nor shout, nor whistle strikes his ear;
What is the creature doing here?
It was a cove, a huge recess,
That keeps, till June, December's snow;
A lofty precipice in front,
A silent tarn below!
Far in the bosom of Helvellyn,
Remote from public road or dwelling,
Pathway, or cultivated land;
From trace of human foot or hand.
There sometimes doth a leaping fish
Send through the tarn a lonely cheer;
The crags repeat the raven's croak,
In symphony austere;
Thither the rainbow comes—the cloud—
And mists that spread the flying shroud;
And sunbeams; and the sounding blast,
That, if it could, would hurry past;
But that enormous barrier holds it fast.
Not free from boding thoughts, a while
The Shepherd stood; then makes his way
O'er rocks and stones, following the Dog
As quickly as he may;
Nor far had gone before he found
A human skeleton on the ground;
The appalled Discoverer with a sigh
Looks round, to learn the history.
From those abrupt and perilous rocks
The Man had fallen, that place of fear!
At length upon the Shepherd's mind
It breaks, and all is clear:
He instantly recalled the name,
And who he was, and whence he came;
Remembered, too, the very day
On which the Traveller passed this way.
But hear a wonder, for whose sake
This lamentable tale I tell!
A lasting monument of words
This wonder merits well.
The Dog, which still was hovering nigh,
Repeating the same timid cry,
This Dog, had been through three months' space
A dweller in that savage place.
Yes, proof was plain that, since the day
When this ill-fated Traveller died,
The Dog had watched about the spot,
Or by his master's side:
How nourished here through such long time
He knows, who gave that love sublime;
And gave that strength of feeling, great
Above all human estimate!



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[Variant 1:]

1820
From which immediately leaps out A Dog, and yelping runs about. 1807
And instantly a Dog is seen,
Glancing from that covert green.

1815

From which immediately leaps out A Dog, and yelping runs about.

And instantly a Dog is seen,
Glancing from that covert green.

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[Variant 2:]

1820
... does ... 1807

... does ...

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[Variant 3:]

1837
binds 1807

binds

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[Variant 4:]

1815
Not knowing what to think 1807

Not knowing what to think

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[Variant 5:]

1837
Towards the Dog, o'er rocks and stones, 1807.

Towards the Dog, o'er rocks and stones,

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[Variant 6:]

1815
Sad sight! the Shepherd with a sigh 1807

Sad sight! the Shepherd with a sigh

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[Variant 7:]

date
And signs and circumstances dawned
Till everything was clear;
He made discovery of his name.


MS.

And signs and circumstances dawned
Till everything was clear;
He made discovery of his name.

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[Variant 8:]

1815
But hear a wonder now, for sake
Of which this mournful Tale I tell!

1807

But hear a wonder now, for sake
Of which this mournful Tale I tell!

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[Variant 9:]

1827
On which the Traveller thus had died 1807

On which the Traveller thus had died

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[Footnote A:] Tarn is a small Mere or Lake mostly high up in the mountains,—W. W.
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[Footnote B:] Compare the reference to Helvellyn, and its "deep coves, shaped by skeleton arms," in the Musings near Aquapendente (1837). Wordsworth here describes Red Tarn, under Helvellyn, to the east; but Charles Gough was killed on the Kepplecove side of Swirell Edge, and not at Red Tarn. Bishop Watson of Llandaff, writing to Hayley (see Anecdotes of the Life of Bishop Watson, p. 440), writes about Charles Gouche (evidently Gough). He had been lodging at "the Cherry Inn," near Wytheburn, sometime before his death.—Ed.
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[Footnote C:] Compare The Excursion, book iv. ll. 1185-94.—Ed.
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Note: Thomas Wilkinson—referred to in the notes to The Solitary Reaper, vol. ii. pp. 399, 400, and the verses To the Spade of a Friend, in vol. iv.—alludes to this incident at some length in his poem, Emont Vale. Wilkinson attended the funeral of young Gough, and writes of the incident with feeling, but without inspiration. Gough perished early in April, and his body was not found till July 22nd, 1805. A reference to his fate will be found in Lockhart's Life of Scott (vol. ii. p. 274); also in a letter of Mr. Luff of Patterdale, to his wife, July 23rd, 1805. Henry Crabb Robinson records (see his Diary, Reminiscences, etc., vol. ii. p. 25) a conversation with Wordsworth, in which he said of this poem, that "he purposely made the narrative as prosaic as possible, in order that no discredit might be thrown on the truth of the incident."—Ed.

[Contents 1805]
[Main Contents]


Incident characteristic of a Favourite Dog[A]