FOOTNOTES:
1 ([return])
[ Sierra de Santa Lucia.]
2 ([return])
[ Audiencia, the highest judicial body.]
3 ([return])
[ The system of encomienda conferred feudal rights upon the discoverers. The Indians became vassals of Spanish lords.]
4 ([return])
[ Vizcaino says he set out on the discovery of the coast of the South Sea with two ships, a lancha, and a barcoluengo. A lancha was a small vessel having no deck and but one mast, and propelled by sweeps. Vanegas calls the vessel a fragata. A barcoluengo, or barcolongo, was a long open boat.]
5 ([return])
[ The second voyage of Vizcaino is of particular interest to Californians for the reason that the names given by him to the various geographical features of the coast still remain. The particulars of the first voyage are taken largely from the publications of the Southern California Historical Society of documents in the Sutro collection.]
6 ([return])
[ Sutro Col. Pub. Southern California Hist. Socy.]
7 ([return])
[ Prof. George Davidson identifies the Rio de los Reyes as Rogue River in 42° 25'.]
8 ([return])
[ About Cape San Quintin, the latitude of their northernmost mission.]
9 ([return])
[ Instruccion qua ha de observer el Teniente de Infanteria. Dn Pedro Pages, 5 enero de 1769. Provincial State Papers; i, 38.9, Ms. Spanish Archives of California.]
10 ([return])
[ So-called from the cuera, a leathern jacket worn by them as a defensive armor.]
11 ([return])
[ Out West. March-July, 1902.]
12 ([return])
[ Pancakes.]
13 ([return])
[ Dead Men's Point. The name has disappeared from the modern maps, but is found on all of the old ones. It is the foot of H street where the cars for the Coronado ferry turn on to the wharf.]
14 ([return])
[ I am well aware that this claim will be disputed by one whose study of original documents and power of analysis make him perhaps the greatest authority on early California History; but I am nevertheless prepared to maintain my position.]
15 ([return])
[ Carga, 275 lbs.]
16 ([return])
[ Hence the presidial soldiers were called Soldados de Cuera and so distinguished from soldiers of the regular army.]
17 ([return])
[ Diario Historico de los viages de Mar y de tierra hichos al norte de la California. Ms. Original in Sutro Library.]
18 ([return])
[ The league is the Spanish league of 5,000 varas. 2.63 miles.]
19 ([return])
[ They also gave it the name of Santa Ana, whose day, July 26th, they had just observed.]
20 ([return])
[ Sometimes called the Grand Pardon of Assisi—the great indulgence of the Franciscans. Originally granted to St. Francis for the Church of Our Lady of the Angeles of Porciúncula, it was, by apostolic indult, expanded to accompany the child of St. Francis wherever he may be. It is enough for him to erect an altar and that altar will be to him St. Mary of the Angels, and he will there find the Porciúncula of the revelations. Whoso confesses and receives the sacrament in the church of Porciúncula is granted plenary remission of his sins in this world and the next. This indulgence is only for August 2nd—that is, from the afternoon of August 1st until sunset of August 2nd.]
21 ([return])
[ It is to this incident that the city of Los Angeles owes its name. The full baptismal name of the city is Nuestra Senora La Reina de los Angeles—Our Lady the Queen of the Angels. It was founded in 1781, by royal order, the second pueblo established in California.]
22 ([return])
[ Ranchería is the name given to an Indian village or town.]
23 ([return])
[ The Valley of the Bears.]
24 ([return])
[ The diarists applied the word cañada to either a cañon or an open valley.]
25 ([return])
[ The word ensenada, much used by the Spanish explorers, means a bight or open roadstead, not an enclosed and protected bay.]
26 ([return])
[ "Transportar en Xamus al Modo que cominan las mujeres en Andalucia," Crespi: Palou's Noticias de la Nueva California, ii. 181.]
27 ([return])
[ The names given on this portion of the route have all disappeared, but are here given as a suggestion to the Ocean Shore Railroad.]
28 ([return])
[ The Fleas.]
29 ([return])
[ It must be borne in mind that what they called the Bay or Port of San Francisco was that stretch of water reaching from Point Reyes to Point San Pedro and later known as the Gulf of the Farallones.]
30 ([return])
[ Professor George Davidson says that what was seen by Portolá from the Montara mountains was the break in the Ballenos cliffs, a deep narrow valley which runs straight from Ballenos bay to Tomales bay, fourteen miles.]
31 ([return])
[ The Golden Gate and Bay of San Francisco.]
32 ([return])
[ The Bay of San Francisco continued to be called the "Estero," until some time after Colonel Anza established the presidio and mission of San Francisco in 1776.]
33 ([return])
[ The present name, Cañada de San Andres, was given by Rivera, Nov. 30, 1714.]
34 ([return])
[ On November, 1774, Rivera came up the peninsula on an exploring expedition and on the spot where he had camped with the first expedition in 1769, he planted a cross to mark the place for a mission. In March, 1776, Col. Juan Bautista de Anza, coming to select sites for the Presidio and Mission of San Francisco, notes this cross on the bank of the Arroyo de San Francisco (now San Francisquito creek), about one hundred paces above the great redwood tree, and says the plan for a mission there was abandoned because the creek was dry in summer. I note this explanation because an excellent authority has located Portolá's camp on Redwood creek.]
35 ([return])
[ I give to Ortega the credit of discovering the Golden Gate and the Straits of Carquinez. The testimony seems sufficient to me.]
36 ([return])
[ Vizcaino to the King, May 23, 1603. Pub. Hist. Socy. of Southern California, Vol. ii, Part 1.]
37 ([return])
[ On the day of the Holy Innocents it was not possible to say mass. We are sorry for it, because it is the only feast day in all the journey up to the present that we have been without mass. We are stuck in a mud hole and are unable to move from the place where we are all wet through, and it is not possible to make a journada to a plain that is dry for this is bubbling up water—Crespi, Diario.]
38 ([return])
[ Crespi: Diario.]
39 ([return])
[ Palou: Noticias de la Nueva California.]
40 ([return])
[ Invernate—to winter.]
41 ([return])
[ Manuel Orozco y Berra, Apuntes Airs. la Historia de la Geografia an Mexico, Anales del Ministerio de Formento de la Republica Mexicana Tomo VI, p. 269. Documents in the Archives of the Indies, Seville.]
42 ([return])
[ This is a summary of the document. A full translation would be too tedious for a work of this kind.]
43 ([return])
[ On the Tres Marias Islands.]
44 ([return])
[ Don Pedro Fages. Commandante of California, who had been recalled.]
45 ([return])
[ Bancroft. Hist. of Cal., says Ayala sailed from Monterey, July 24th. That was to make the sailing fit the Bancroft theories.]
46 ([return])
[ Braza—Fathom: Six feet.]
47 ([return])
[ Ayala anchored inside Port Point—the Presidio anchorage.]
48 ([return])
[ Richardson's Bay.]
49 ([return])
[ Angel Island.]
50 ([return])
[ Alcatraz—Pelican]
51 ([return])
[ The Southern portion of the bay.]
52 ([return])
[ Pt. San Pedro.]
53 ([return])
[ That is: Pt. Almejas or Pt. San Pedro.]
54 ([return])
[ Barranca: The dictionary definition is a ravine or gulch, but it also means a high bluff or cliff and in that sense is used by these explorers.]
55 ([return])
[ i. e.: from Pt. Almejas.]
56 ([return])
[ Cliff Rouse Rocks.]
57 ([return])
[ Punta del Angel de la Guarda—Point Lobos.]
58 ([return])
[ Seal Rocks.]
59 ([return])
[ Bakers Beach.]
60 ([return])
[ Lobos Creek.]
61 ([return])
[ i. e.: Inside of Point San Jose—Fort Point.]
62 ([return])
[ Tamalpais]
63 ([return])
[ Point Bonita. The present name was given it in 1776.]
64 ([return])
[ Golden Gate Strait.]
65 ([return])
[ i. e.: The outer harbor; outside of the Golden Gate.]
66 ([return])
[ Lime Point.]
67 ([return])
[ Angel Island.]
68 ([return])
[ The Presidio anchorage.]
69 ([return])
[ This is the body of water between Pt. San Pedro, Pt. San Pablo, Pt. Richmond and Tiburon Peninsula. The high farallon is Red Rock.]
70 ([return])
[ The rocks are The Sisters and The Brothers.]
71 ([return])
[ San Pablo Bay.]
72 ([return])
[ Napa Slough. The marsh was evidently under water, and island number one, with Mare Island, made one long island.]
73 ([return])
[ Codo—1 1/2 feet.]
74 ([return])
[ Mare Island. The division of the hills or cañon is Carquines Strait.]
75 ([return])
[ Carquines Straits.]
76 ([return])
[ The Assumption of the Virgin—August 15th. It is Southampton bay.]
77 ([return])
[ That is, from Puerto de la Asumpta.]
78 ([return])
[ Suisun Bay.]
79 ([return])
[ The Sacramento and San Joaquin. Suisun Bay was long known as Puerto Dulce—Freshwater Port.]
80 ([return])
[ Yerba Buena or Goat Island. Cañizaries marked it on the map (c) for isla do Alcatraces, but that evidently was a mistake, as a comparison of the entry in the Log under date of August 12, with the map will show.]
81 ([return])
[ Oakland and Berkeley tide flats.]
82 ([return])
[ Islais creek.]
83 ([return])
[ Yerba Buena cove and Mission bay.]