August Vermeylen was a Belgian writer and literature critic. In 1893 he founded the literary journal Van Nu en Straks. He studied history at the Free University of Brussels (ULB), and became a professor of literature and of art history at the ULB (1901–1923). In addition to many works of literary and art criticism, he wrote poetry and in 1906 a novel, De wandelende Jood. A cultural organization, the Vermeylenfonds, was named after him.