Ermoldus Nigellus, Carm. in honorem Hludowici.

Monachus Sangallensis, Taten Karls des Großen.

Helmold, Chronica Slavorum.

Saxo Grammaticus, Historia Daniae.

Edda.

Vulfilas, Bibel.

Annolied.

Beowulflied.

Heliand.

Nibelungenlied.