(3) H. nigrescens.—Scales in 13 rows. A single temporal scale; 218-251 ventrals; 33-44 subcaudals.
Belly uniformly red; upper lip yellow in front of and behind the eyes.
Total length, 1,100 millimetres; tail 115.
Habitat: Hills of Western India, from Bombay to Travancore.
(4) H. japonicus.—Scales in 13 rows; 190-216 ventrals; 28-29 subcaudals; temporals 1 + 1.
Colour red on the back, with 1-5 black bands crossed by other black bands edged with yellow. Snout and sides of head black. Belly yellow, with large black spots alternating with black transverse bands.
Total length, 520 millimetres; tail 40.
Habitat: Loo Choo Islands.
(d) Callophis.
This genus is characterised by the maxillary bones extending forwards beyond the palatines, with a pair of large poison-fangs, but without other teeth. Head and eyes small, pupils round; nostril between two nasal shields. Body cylindrical, greatly elongate. Scales smooth, in 13 rows; ventrals rounded; subcaudals in 2 rows.