| Races. | Indices. | |
| Americans of the Pampas, of Bogota, etc. | 0·93 | |
| Americans of Vera Paz | 0·87 | |
| Germans of the south (men) | } | 0·86 |
| Germans of the south (women) | } | |
| Laos | } | 0·85 |
| Annamites | } | |
| Brachycephalic Turks | } | |
| Brachycephalic Malays | } | 0·84 |
| Javanese | } | |
| Borneans | } | |
| Brachycephalic Peruvians | } | |
| Puelches | } | |
| Lapps | } | |
| Ancient brachycephalic Europeans | } | |
| Kalmucks | } | 0·83 |
| Brachycephalic Bretons | } | |
| Brachycephalic Kanaks | } | 0·82 |
| Aëtas (women) | } | |
| Ancient Europeans (women) | } | |
| Malays (women) | 0·81 | |
| Brachycephalic New Guineans | } | 0·80 |
| Mexicans | } | |
| Brachycephalic Peruvians (women) | } | |
| Indo-Chinese | } | |
| Tagals | } | 0·79 |
| Belgians | } | |
| Dutch | } | |
| Hovas | } | 0·78 |
| Papuans with aquiline nose | } | |
| Red-Skins | } | |
| Chinese (women) | } | |
| Bellovaques (men) | } | |
| Modern Greeks | } | |
| Kabyles (women) | } | 0·77 |
| Jews (women) | } | |
| Kourouglis (men and women) | } | |
| New Guineans | } | |
| Intermediary Americans | } | 0·77 |
| Araucanians (men) | } | |
| Chinese (men) | } | 0·77 |
| Ancient Romans | } | |
| Kabyles (men) | } | 0·76 |
| Aëtas (men) | } | |
| Tasmanians (women) | } | |
| Dolichocephalic Celts | } | |
| Scandinavians (men) | } | |
| Dolichocephalic Bretons | } | |
| Modern Italians (men and women) | } | 0·75 |
| Arabians | } | |
| Sacalaves (men) | } | |
| New Zealanders | } | |
| Dolichocephalic Kanaks | } | |
| Micronesians | } | |
| Tasmanians (men) | } | 0·75 |
| New Guineans (women) | } | |
| Dolichocephalic Turks | } | |
| Etruscans | } | |
| Phœnicians | } | |
| Scandinavians (women) | } | |
| Tahitians | } | 0·74 |
| Americans of Brazil, Peru, etc. | } | |
| Araucanians (women) | } | |
| Negroes (women) | } | 0·73 |
| Kaffirs | } | |
| Semitic Hindoos | } | |
| Ancient Celts (men & women) | } | |
| Irish | } | |
| Negroes (men) | } | 0·72 |
| Sacalaves (women) | } | |
| Australians (women) | } | |
| Brahmans | } | |
| Dravidians | } | |
| Persians | } | |
| Bellovaques (women) | } | |
| Bosjesmans | } | 0·70 |
| Hottentots (women) | } | |
| Hottentots (men) | } | 0·69 |
| Esquimaux | } |
INDICES OF HUMAN RACES AFTER M. BROCA.
These tables mutually confirm and complete each other in general results. The secondary differences which distinguish them, are doubtless occasioned, on the one hand, by the number of crania employed by the two authors to obtain their means; on the other, from some diversity in the use of these materials. M. Pruner Bey distinguished the sexes, which are united by M. Broca: the latter has placed in one group the Hottentots and Bosjesmans, separated by M. Pruner, etc.
From M. Broca’s table it appears that the mean of all these indices, leaving deformed skulls out of the question, is 0·78. From a numerical point of view this would be that of true mesaticephaly. The mean group ought, it seems to me, to descend equally as it rises, and consequently to absorb at least a part of M. Broca’s sub-dolichocephali. In fact, upon inspecting the two tables, it appears that the indices above 0·74 and below 0·79 comprise the greater number of races belonging to the three fundamental types, and taken from all parts of the world. It seems to me that true mesaticephaly should be comprised within these limits. I do not, however, propose that those which have been adopted should be changed.
These tables give rise to many other observations, of which I shall only point out the principal.
M. Pruner Bey carried his calculations to the third place of decimals; M. Broca to the fourth. I have gone no further than the second, that the eye may be more easily attracted by the series formed by these numbers, so important in the characterization of races. It should be remembered that the greater number are means taken from a certain number of crania. Were there a sufficient number of subjects for each race, and all the indices taken from each arranged in serial order, the distance from one to the other would undoubtedly be no longer 0·01, but would be diminished to 0·001, or even less. The insensible shades observed in passing from one individual to another would here be as remarkable as in the comparison of stature.
There is no need to insist at any length upon the intercrossing, so strikingly betrayed by the two tables. We see that the same index places side by side the most dissimilar races, the South German with the Annamite, the Breton with the Kalmuck, the Belgian with the Tagal, the Parisian with the Malay, the Italian with the Maori, etc., and that by their several indices the white races are scattered throughout almost all the coloured races. I need not return to the consequences which may be drawn from these facts from a monogenistic point of view.
The yellow and black races are not so widely separated as the white; the former are either brachycephalic or mesaticephalic, the latter all dolichocephalic, with the exception of the Aëtas. I have shown that the latter belong to a group of populations extending from the Andaman and Philippine Islands to Torres Strait in Melanesia, penetrating New Guinea, and forming a special branch in the midst of the Melanesian Negro population.