I here reproduce the table published in the Voyage of the Novara, by Dr. Weisbach. I have added to the figures of the Austrian savant a few data relating especially to the smallest races. I have also given the maxima and minima where I have been able to procure them, so as to make the extent of the variation more appreciable than is possible from the average alone:
STATURE OF DIFFERENT HUMAN RACES.
| | m. | ft. | in. |
| Bosjesmans (min.) | } | 1·100 | 3 | 3·37 |
| Esquimaux (min.) | } |
| Obongo (young) | | 1·360 | 4 | 5·64 |
| Bosjesmans (av.) | } | 1·370 | 4 | 5·93 |
| Mincopees (min.) | } |
| Lapps (min.) | | 1·380 | 4 | 6·33 |
| Aëtas (min.) | | 1·396 | 4 | 6·96 |
| Semangs (min.) | | 1·420 | 4 | 7·90 |
| Mincopees (av.) | | 1·436 | 4 | 8·53 |
| Bosjesmans (max.) | | 1·445 | 4 | 8·89 |
| Guanches | | 1·447 | 4 | 8·97 |
| Semangs (av.) | | 1·448 | 4 | 9·00 |
| Semangs (max.) | | 1·473 | 4 | 9·99 |
| Mincopees (max.) | | 1·480 | 4 | 10·17 |
| Aëtas (av.) | | 1·482 | 4 | 10·35 |
| Fuegians (min.) | | 1·488 | 4 | 10·58 |
| Papuans | | 1·489 | 4 | 10·62 |
| Chinese (min.) | | 1·520 | 4 | 11·84 |
| Patagonians (min.) | | 1·530 | 5 | 0·24 |
| Lapps (av.) | | 1·532 | 5 | 0·31 |
| Aymaras (min.) | | 1·537 | 5 | 0·51 |
| Sclaves (min.) | | 1·540 | 5 | 0·62 |
| French (min.) | | 1·543 | 5 | 0·75 |
| Javanese (min.) | | 1·549 | 5 | 0·98 |
| Negroes (?) | | 1·555 | 5 | 1·22 |
| Juags | } | 1·561 | 5 | 1·45 |
| Aëtas (max.) | } |
| Aymaras (av.) | | 1·563 | 5 | 1·53 |
| Germans (min.) | } | 1·570 | 5 | 1·81 |
| Tartars of Orotschi | } |
| Kamskadales | } |
| |
| Malays of Malacca | } | 1·574 | 5 | 1·97 |
| Dyaks (min.) | } |
| Australians (min.) | } |
| |
| New Caledonians (min.) | } | 1·575 | 5 | 2·00 |
| Cochin Chinese (av.) | } |
| Transgangians (av.) | } |
| Vanikorians | | 1·583 | 5 | 2·32 |
| Timurians | | 1·586 | 5 | 2·46 |
| Amboynians | } | 1·595 | 5 | 2·79 |
| Peruvians | } |
| |
| Battas | } | 1·597 | 5 | 2·87 |
| Malays (av.) | } |
| Nicobarians | | 1·599 | 5 | 2·95 |
| Australians (av.) | } | 1·600 | 5 | 2·99 |
| Quichnas | } |
| English (min.) | } |
| Pouleyers (av.) | | 1·610 | 5 | 3·38 |
| Lapps (max.) | | 1·613 | 5 | 3·50 |
| Tahitians (av.) | | 1·614 | 5 | 3·54 |
| Australians (av.) | | 1·617 | 5 | 3·66 |
| Toulcous | } | 1·620 | 5 | 3·78 |
| Guaranis | } |
| Papuans of Vaigiou | | 1·624 | 5 | 3·94 |
| Mincopees (max.) | } | 1·625 | 5 | 3·98 |
| Fuegians (av.) | } |
| Californians | } |
| Madurese | } |
| Cingalese | } |
| Ando-Peruvians | | 1·627 | 5 | 4·05 |
| French of the South | } | 1·630 | 5 | 4·17 |
| Chinese (av.) | } |
| Nicobarians | | 1·631 | 5 | 4·21 |
| Belgians (min.) | | 1·632 | 5 | 4·25 |
| Austrian Sclaves (min.) | | 1·634 | 5 | 4·33 |
| Austrian Roumanians | } | 1·635 | 5 | 4·37 |
| Magyars | } |
| Jews | | 1·637 | 5 | 4·45 |
| Dravidas (av.) | | 1·640 | 5 | 4·57 |
| Araucanians | | 1·641 | 5 | 4·61 |
| Bavarians | | 1·643 | 5 | 4·68 |
| Antisians | | 1·645 | 5 | 4·76 |
| Fuegians (max.) | } | 1·650 | 5 | 4·96 |
| Crees | } |
| Dyaks (max.) | } |
| Bugis | | 1·653 | 5 | 5·08 |
| Negroes (?) | | 1·655 | 5 | 5·16 |
| French, working classes (av.) | | 1·657 | 5 | 5·24 |
| Austrian Germans | | 1·658 | 5 | 5·27 |
| Esquimaux of Melville Is. | | 1·659 | 5 | 5·31 |
| Roumanians (min.) | | 1·660 | 5 | 5·35 |
| Fuegians (max.) | } | 1·663 | 5 | 5·47 |
| Chiquitos | } |
| Hottentots | } |
| |
| French of the North | } | 1·665 | 5 | 5·56 |
| Algerian Arabs | } |
| |
| New Caledonians | } | 1·670 | 5 | 5·75 |
| Moxos | } |
| Pampeans (av.) | | 1·673 | 5 | 5·87 |
| Esquimaux of Savage Island | } | 1·676 | 5 | 5·98 |
| Hawaïans | } |
| New Californians | } |
| Malays of Soolo | } |
| |
| Austrian Sclaves (av.) | } | 1·678 | 5 | 6·06 |
| Russians | } |
| Javanese | | 1·679 | 5 | 6·10 |
| Germans | } | 1·680 | 5 | 6·14 |
| Negroes | } |
| Charruas | } |
| French, upper classes (av.) | | 1·681 | 5 | 6·18 |
| Ojibbeways (min.) | } | 1·682 | 5 | 6·22 |
| Natives of Madras | } |
| Fijians | | 1·684 | 5 | 6·31 |
| Negroes of Sokoto | | 1·685 | 5 | 6·34 |
| Belgians (av.) | | 1·686 | 5 | 6·38 |
| English (av.) | | 1·687 | 5 | 6·42 |
| Pampas Indians | | 1·688 | 5 | 6·46 |
| Marquesas Islanders | } | 1·689 | 5 | 6·50 |
| Esquimaux of Boothia sound | } |
| Somalis | | 1·690 | 5 | 6·54 |
| New Zealanders | | 1·695 | 5 | 6·73 |
| Puelches | } | 1·700 | 5 | 6·93 |
| Comma Negroes | } |
| Tahitians (min.) | } |
| |
| Letts | } | 1·701 | 5 | 6·96 |
| Rotuma Islanders | } |
| Courouglis (av.) | } |
| Austrian Roumanians | | 1·702 | 5 | 7·00 |
| Kabyles (av.) | | 1·703 | 5 | 7·04 |
| Caroline Islanders | | 1·705 | 5 | 7·13 |
| Marianne Islanders | | 1·708 | 5 | 7·24 |
| English (max.) | } | 1·714 | 5 | 7·48 |
| Esquimaux of Kotzebue Strait | } |
| Australians (max.) | } |
| |
| Pottowatomis | } | 1·727 | 5 | 7·99 |
| Caraïbes | } |
| Rarakaïans | } |
| Tschuwacks | | 1·728 | 5 | 8·03 |
| Patagonians (av. of D’Orb.) | | 1·730 | 5 | 8·11 |
| Tschercassians | | 1·731 | 5 | 8·15 |
| Patagonians (av. of D’Urv.) | | 1·732 | 5 | 8·19 |
| Sepoys of Bengal | | 1·733 | 5 | 8·23 |
| Chinese (max.) | | 1·744 | 5 | 8·66 |
| Niquallis | | 1·752 | 5 | 8·97 |
| Hawaïans | | 1·755 | 5 | 9·09 |
| New Zealanders | | 1·757 | 5 | 9·17 |
| Patagonians (av. Must.) | } | 1·770 | 5 | 9·69 |
| Germans (max.) | } |
| Polynesians (av.) | | 1·776 | 5 | 9·92 |
| Pitcairn Islanders | | 1·777 | 5 | 9·96 |
| Roumanians (max.) | | 1·780 | 5 | 10·08 |
| Ojibbeways (av.) | } | 1·781 | 5 | 10·12 |
| Agaces of the Pampas | } |
| New Caledonians (max.) | | 1·785 | 5 | 10·28 |
| Tahitians (av.) | } | 1·786 | 5 | 10·32 |
| Marquesas Islanders | } |
| |
| Stewart Islanders | } | 1·789 | 5 | 10·44 |
| Kaffirs | } |
| Dutch | } |
| |
| Belgians (max.) | } | 1·800 | 5 | 10·86 |
| Sclaves | } |
| Aymaras (max.) | } |
| Marquesas Islanders (max.) | } |
| Tahitians (max.) | | 1·803 | 5 | 10·98 |
| New Zealanders | | 1·815 | 5 | 11·46 |
| Mhaya | | 1·841 | 6 | 0·48 |
| Caraïbes | | 1·868 | 6 | 6·54 |
| Ojibbeways (max.) | | 1·875 | 6 | 1·82 |
| Schiffer Islanders | | 1·895 | 6 | 2·61 |
| New Zealanders (max.) | | 1·904 | 6 | 2·96 |
| Patagonians of the North (max. of D’Orb.) | | 1·915 | 6 | 3·39 |
| Patagonians of the South (max. Musters) | | 1·924 | 6 | 3·75 |
| Schiffer Islanders | } | 1·930 | 6 | 3·98 |
| Tongatuban Islanders | } |
We here see what strange relations and what a singular confusion rise from a consideration of the stature. Numbers given in the same order, representing the size of the skull, the cephalic indices, the weight of the brain, will give the same striking result.
We must also observe that there is a great majority of means in this table. Now we see that the discrepancies between these means are less than the discrepancies between the maximum and minimum of a single race, so much so that races widely distinct from each other intervene between them.
Now let us mentally compare instead of these groups, the individuals of which they are composed. Is it not clear that if they were placed according to height, we should pass from one to the other with scarcely the difference of a millimetre; but is it not also clear that the confusion would become much greater than it appears even in the table?
I ask anyone who possesses even the smallest knowledge of zoology and zootechny whether it would be in a collection of species that he would expect to find the most evident affinities destroyed by the application of this method? Would it not be rather in a collection of races that similar facts would be met with, as, for example, in canine races, where the mastiff and its young, the greyhound of Saintonge and the Italian greyhound, the large and the small carriage dog would be separated from each other by a number of other races if stature alone were taken into account.
The intercrossing and fusion of characters, so marked between human groups, are inexplicable if we consider these groups as species, unless we admit that the morphological relations between these human species are of an entirely different nature to the relations established between animal species. But this hypothesis makes an exception of man; we have, therefore, the right to regard it as false.
If, on the contrary, we look upon these groups as nothing more than races of a single species, all these facts of intercrossing and fusion agree with what may be observed in plants and animals and replace man under the dominion of general laws.