Henry VIII.

by A. F. Pollard

D.

Dacre, Thomas, Lord Dacre of the North, [156], [157], [247] [n].
Dante, [29].
Darcy, Thomas, Baron Darcy, [305], [353-355], [357].
Deal, [385].
Denmark, [312].
Denny, Sir Anthony, [424].
Deptford, [126].
Derby, Earl of. See [Stanley], Thomas.
Dereham, Francis, [398], [403].
Derknall, Robert, [260] [n].
D'Ewes, Giles, [20] and [note], [21].
Dinteville, François de, Bishop of Auxerre, [280].
Dispensation, papal power of, [173], [174], [176], [193], [207-209], [212], [213], [218], [219], [284], [344];
transferred to Cranmer, [320], [346].
Divorce, the law of, [173] [n], [208], [218], [219], [344], [345], [395].
—— of Catherine of Aragon, first suggestion of, [76], [173], [176], [197] and [note];
origin of, [173];
causes of, [179], [183], [186];
motives for, [177-179], [189];
Wolsey's attitude towards, [204], [205];
commission to try, [214] sqq., [214] [n];
its influence on the Reformation, [232], [238], [428];
disliked by the people, [250], [251];
decision of the Universities, [283], [284], [296], [358];
its injustice to Catherine, [192], [193];
sentence of divorce, [187].
—— of Anne Boleyn, [344].
—— of Anne of Cleves, [395].
—— other instances of, [199], [200], [209] [n], [212].
Dodieu, Claude, [196].
Doncaster, [356].
Doria, [216].
Dorset, Marquis of. See [Grey], Sir Thomas.
Douglas, Archibald, sixth Earl of Angus, [88], [200].
Dourlens, [157].
Dover, [139], [140], [375].
—— Castle, [16], [375].
Drogheda, Parliament of, [18].
Du Bellay, John, Bishop of Bayonne, [185] [n], [196], [197], [203] [n], [223-225], [237], [244], [246], [273], [282] [n], [284], [295] [n], [319].
Dublin, [9], [367].
Dubois, Pierre, [329].
Dudley, Edmund, [2] [n], [44], [48].
—— John, Viscount Lisle, afterwards Duke of Northumberland, [261], [408], [414], [430].
Dunkirk, [281].
Dunstable, [300], [302].
Du Prat, Cardinal Antoine, [145].
Durham, Bishopric of, [318].
—— Bishops of. See [Ruthal], Thomas;
[Tunstall], Cuthbert.
Dymock, Sir Robert, [46].

E.

Edinburgh, [69], [413].
—— Duke of, [18] [n].
Education under Henry VII., [19], [20].
Edward I., [37], [187].
—— III., [180], [182], [346].
—— IV. beheads Owen Tudor, [5];
his right to the throne, [7];
his descendants and their claims, [8], [9], [181], [183], [305], [314];
his daughter Elizabeth marries Henry VII., [13];
his tastes, [15], [39];
his marriage pronounced void, [306].
—— VI., birth at Greenwich, [16], [360], [361];
forward as a pupil, [19], [267];
proposed marriage of, [348], [362], [408], [409], [415];
his claim to the throne, [349];
his early death, [12];
homilies printed in his reign, [417].
—— Earl of Warwick, [9], [11], [179].
Eleanor, daughter of Philip of Burgundy, Queen of Portugal, [26], [168], [196], [197] [n].
Elizabeth, Queen, born at Greenwich, [16], [300], [301];
forward as a pupil, [19];
foundress of Jesus College, Oxford, [21] [n];
contended for the supremacy of the State, [233];
arbitrary with Parliament, [263], [329];
pronounced illegitimate, [343] and [note], [348] and [note];
claim to the throne, [348] [n];
other references to, [35], [191], [267], [304], [411].
—— of York, married to Henry VII., [13];
described by Erasmus, [20].
Ely, Bishop of. See [West], Nicholas.
—— Bishopric of, [318].
Embrun, [86].
Emmanuel, King of Portugal, [167].
Emperors. See [Maximilian] I. and [Charles] V.
Empire, Holy Roman, [32], [101], [108].
Empson, Sir Richard, [2] [n], [44], [48].
Enclosure movement, [119], [120], [256], [352].
Erasmus, Desiderius, his description of Elizabeth of York, [20] and [note];
of Henry VIII., [22], [23], [40], [106], [122], [123], [125];
other references to, [19] and [note], [89], [115] [n], [134], [183], [236].
Essex, Earl of. See [Cromwell], Thomas.
Este, Alfonso d', [153].
—— Isabella d', [135].
Estrada, Duke of, [26].
Étaples, Treaty of, [48], [75].
Eton College, [426].
Evers, William, Lord, [413].
Exeter, Marquis of. See [Courtenay], Henry.
—— Bishops of. See [Fox], Richard;
[Coverdale], Miles.

F.

Falier, Ludovico, [179].
Farnham, [370].
Ferdinand of Aragon, his negotiations for Catherine's marriage, [11], [14], [26], [45], [47];
claims Castile, [27];
his methods of government, [37];
advises Henry VIII., [43], [50];
his schemes for the aggrandisement of his family, [50-52], [60];
attacks the Moors, [55];
makes peace with them and attacks France, [56];
conquers Navarre, [57], [58];
betrays Henry, [59-62];
his duplicity, [61], [70], [72], [73];
his death, [92];
other references to, [28-30], [51] [n], [52-54], [67], [75-77], [085], [088], [100], [105], [107], [145], [174-176], [179], [284], [351].
—— Archduke and Emperor, [51] and [note], [52-54], [61] [n], [71], [76], [94], [101].
Ferrara, [100], [153], [159], [283].
Ferrers, Sir Edward, [252] [n].
Ferrers' case, [258], [259].
Fidei Defensor, [107], [126], [325].
Field of Cloth of Gold, [141-143], [151], [294].
First-fruits and Tenths, [324], [327], [336], [368].
Fisher, John, Cardinal Bishop of Rochester, preaches Henry VII.'s funeral sermon, [43], [44];
denounces Luther's books, [125];
defends the validity of Catherine's marriage, [222], [236], [282];
his treasonable practices, [282], [305];
sent to the Tower, [324];
attainted, [331-333];
created Cardinal, [332];
death, [333];
other references to, [1] [n], [50], [150], [279], [280], [287], [289], [319], [331] [n], [350], [438].
Fitzgerald, Gerald, eighth Earl of Kildare, [9], [11], [149], [305], [366], [367].
Fitzroy, Henry, Duke of Richmond and Somerset, [183-185], [197], [213], [348].
Fitzwilliam, Sir William, Earl of Southampton, [144], [146], [147], [157], [203], [254] [n], [385], [389] [n], [390], [393].
Flanders, [52], [93], [140], [144], [223], [224], [308-311], [358], [359], [373].
See also [Burgundy] and [Netherlands].
Flodden Field, [49], [66], [80], [87], [200], [408].
Florence, [51], [86], [226].
Floyd's case, [259] [n].
Foix, Germaine de, [29], [100].
—— Odet de. See [Lautrec].
Fox, Richard, Bishop of Exeter, afterwards Bishop of Winchester, baptises Henry VIII., [16];
his fortunes linked with the Tudors, [48];
chancellor of Cambridge, [49];
founder of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, [49];
an intimate counsellor of Henry VIII., [49];
retires to his diocese, [92];
debates the legality of Henry's marriage, [174], [198];
death, [117];
other references to, [62], [98], [109], [114], [158], [159], [273].
Foxe, Edward, Bishop of Hereford, [211], [214].
—— John, martyrologist, [191].
France, unity of, [30], [31];
Roman law in, [32];
English antipathy to, [53];
invasion of, [57], [60], [62-66];
friendship with Venice, [61];
truce with Venice, [60];
war against, [64], [65];
campaigns in, [68], [69];
Suffolk's embassy to, [85];
Wolsey's embassy to, [112], [144-146];
treaty with England, [138];
Henry's visit to, [140-143];
war with Spain, [144];
English pretence to the crown of, [149], [150], [158];
suggested assembly of cardinals in, [201];
alliance with England, [223];
threatens Italy from the North, [51], [228], [229];
other references to, [29], [108], [181], [204], [220], [370], [373], [393].
—— Catherine of. See [Catherine].
—— Kings of. See [Charles] VIII.,
[Francis] I.,
[Louis] XI.,
[Louis] XII.
Francis, Duke of Angoulême, afterwards Francis I. of France, description of, [39], [78];
relations with Mary Tudor, [78-83];
designs on Milan, [85], [86];
omnipotence in Italy, [93];
joins second League of Cambrai, [94];
is deceived by Charles V., [96];
his efforts to be elected Emperor, [98-104];
rivalry with Charles V., [108], [312], [429];
his pensions to Wolsey, [115], [116];
his claim to Naples, [136];
Wolsey's opposition to, [137] and [note];
is anxious for a personal interview with Henry VIII., [138], [139];
meets Henry VIII. at the Field of Cloth of Gold, [141-143];
his war with Charles V., [144-148];
his immorality, [150], [186];
his influence on the papal election, [154], [155];
is convinced of English hostility, [156];
English make war on, [157], [158];
his defeat at Pavia, [30], [163], [164];
signs Treaty of Madrid, [168];
suggested marriage to Princess Mary, [195-197] [n];
his defeat at Landriano, [226];
is appealed to by Wolsey, [247];
his alliance with Charles V., [250];
his meeting with Henry at Boulogne (1532), [294];
disapproves of Henry's breach with the Church, [306];
meditates fresh Italian schemes, [310], [351];
his meeting with Clement at Marseilles (1533), [316];
orders Pole to leave France, [359];
his friendship with Charles V., [371], [381], [382], [392];
his meeting with Charles V. and Paul III. (1538), [372];
his breach with Charles V., [404], [405];
intrigues with James V., [406], [409];
his peace with Henry (1546), [412];
his advice about Parliament, [436];
other references to, [81], [88], [94], [97], [127], [129] [n], [137], [151], [162], [163] [n], [169], [173], [193], [216], [225], [280], [297], [302] [n], [311], [315], [334], [349], [361], [369], [370], [376], [377], [383], [386], [393], [396].
—— Dauphin of France, [138], [143], [148].
Frederick II., Emperor, [329].
Frith, John, [272].
Fuentarabia, [160].

G.

[Gardiner], Stephen, Bishop of Winchester, goes to Rome to obtain a commission to try the divorce case in England, [214], [220];
would be more powerful if he abandoned his order, [237], [273];
his pocket-boroughs, [254] and [note], [317], [390];
secretary, [273];
led the bishops in the House of Lords to reject the concessions made to the King by the Church, [293];
retires to Winchester, [294];
his opposition to the divorce, [306];
on parliamentary liberties, [259];
on the limits of Henry's power, [323] [n], [330];
encounters Barnes in a theological discussion, [394];
patron of Catherine Howard, [397], [399];
champion of the Catholic faith, [416], [418];
other references to, [211], [259], [290], [316], [327] [n], [336], [435] [n].
Gattinara, Mercurio, [147].
Gatton, [253] and [note].
Gaunt, John of, [6], [180].
Genoa, [51], [70], [71], [76], [147], [168].
George, Duke of Clarence, [8], [18], [305], [314], [358], [373].
Germany, [30-32], [69], [101], [104], [124], [139], [272], [311], [381], [382], [393], [418].
Ghinucci, Girolamo, Bishop of Worcester, [202], [206], [207], [218], [318], [338].
[Giglis], Silvester de, Bishop of Worcester, [86], [229].
Giustinian, Sebastian, Venetian ambassador, [67], [72], [77] [n], [87], [88], [92], [97], [98], [102], [106], [108], [109] and [note], [110-115], [118], [121], [127], [129], [132], [177], [181], [240].
Gloucester, [40].
Gordon, Lady Catherine, [11] and [note].
Grammont, Gabriel de, Bishop of Tarbes, [173], [195-197], [280], [281].
Gravelines, [143].
Greenwich, [15], [16], [22], [46], [83], [86], [134], [239], [300], [324], [385].
Grey, Lady Jane, [19], [435].
—— Lord Leonard, [366], [367].
—— Thomas, second Marquis of Dorset, [37] [n], [57].
Guelders, [54], [144], [168], [383], [393].
Guienne, [57], [58], [61], [62].
Guildford, [389], [421].
Guinegate, [64], [65].
Guipuscoa, [57].
Guisnes, [129], [140], [141], [375].
Gustavus Vasa, King of Sweden, [238].

H.

Hadrian de Castello, Cardinal Bishop of Bath and Wells, [97], [112], [115].
Hailes, Blood of, [380].
Hales, John, [433] [n].
Halidon Rig, [407].
Hamburg, [311].
Hampton Court, [140], [239], [398], [410], [421].
Harwich, [375].
Henry II., [4], [271] and [note], [275].
Henry IV., [4], [6], [15], [180], [232].
—— IV. of Castile, [207].
—— V., [53], [66].
—— VI., [5], [7].
—— VII., his descent, [5-8];
his birth, [7];
His claim to the throne recognised by Parliament, [8], [13];
Yorkist rivals to, [9];
his sons and daughters, [13];
marriage, [13];
bestows Greenwich on his wife, [15];
sends Arthur and Catherine to Ludlow Castle, [14];
centralising policy, [17];
Irish policy, [18];
Renaissance under, [20];
praised by Erasmus, [23];
his theological conservatism, [24];
proposes marriages for his children, [26];
discusses Catherine's dower, [26];
suggests marrying her himself, [27];
entertains Philip of Burgundy, [27];
designs on Castile, [28], [29];
his suggested marriage with Margaret of Savoy, [28], [48];
his methods of government, [36-38];
last advice to his son, [43];
death, [43];
funeral and tomb, [44];
his treasure, [149], [245], [246];
other references to, [79], [80], [173], [178], [180], [182], [183], [232], [284], [374], [409], [426].
—— VIII., his descent and parentage, [5];
birth, [15];
baptised and said to have been destined for a clerical career, [16];
offices and titles, [16], [17];
his tutors, [20-22];
his handwriting, [21];
studies languages, [22];
is visited by Erasmus, [22], [23];
corresponds with Erasmus, [23];
studies theology, [24];
is devoted to music, [24];
his minstrels, [24];
his choristers and compositions, [25], [47];
becomes heir-apparent and Duke of Cornwall, [25];
created Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester, [25];
suggested matrimonial alliances, [26];
is betrothed to Catherine of Aragon, [27];
protests against the marriage, [28];
methods of government, [36];
decay of the peerage under, [37];
the ministers of, [38], [48-50];
peaceful accession, [43];
executes Dudley and Empson, [44];
marriage to Catherine, [45], [46];
coronation, [46], [48];
intervenes in favour of Venice, [53];
renews his father's treaties, [54];
his first crusade, [55];
joins Ferdinand against France, [56];
unsuccessfully attacks Guienne, [57], [58];
his league with Maximilian, [61] and [note];
his desertion by Ferdinand, [61-63];
his success in France, [64-66];
the pacific character of his reign, [67], [68];
makes the Treaty of Lille, [69];
his honesty, [72], [73];
discovers duplicity of his allies, [73], [74];
makes peace with France, [74], [75];
his promotion of Charles Brandon, [80];
anger at Brandon's marriage to Mary Tudor exaggerated, [82-84];
rivalry with Francis I., [86], [87];
claims title of "Protector of Scotland," [87], [88];
is suggested as Emperor, [99], [102-104];
allows Wolsey much power, [109] sqq.;
his services to the Papacy, [107];
his book against Luther, [123-126];
receives title of Fidei Defensor, [126];
his political activity, [128-131];
his meeting with Charles, [139], [140];
his meeting with Francis at the Field of Cloth of Gold, [141-143];
his second meeting with Charles, [143];
his rights to the crown of France, [149], [158];
his recourse to war loans, [164], [165];
doubts the legality of his marriage with Catherine of Aragon, [173], [174], [195-199], [219];
the premature death of his children, [174-177], [182];
his passion for Anne Boleyn, [189-192];
his conscience, [193], [194], [209], [218];
his first steps towards divorce, [198-201];
his justification for expecting divorce, [199], [200];
licence to commit bigamy, [206];
ceases to work in harmony with Wolsey, [203], [204];
his canonical affinity to Anne Boleyn, [206-208], [344];
is urged by Clement to settle the divorce for himself, [213];
attends the Legates' Court in person, [221];
praises Catherine, [221], [222];
finds the impossibility of obtaining a favourable verdict at Rome, [226];
breaks with Rome, [228], [231], [428], [429];
appeals to a General Council, [230];
contends for the supremacy of the State, [233];
his support necessary to the Church, [238];
makes peace with Charles, [224];
reproves Wolsey, [242], [243];
the difference between the results of his policy and Wolsey's, [244], [245];
the difficulty of his position, [250];
his divorce interwoven with the question of papal jurisdiction in England, [251];
he summons Parliament, [251] sqq.;
his harmony with Parliament, [256], [261] sqq.;
his observance of the constitution and parliamentary privileges, [258], [430], [435], [436];
his interest in Parliament, [263];
encourages the Commons to bring complaints to him, [266];
his recognition as "Supreme Head," [268], [286], [325], [328], [330] [n], [331];
is compared to Henry II., [271] and [note];
his anti-clerical bias, [272], [273], [285];
his position between two parties, [276];
decisions of the Universities, [283], [284], [288];
his influence with Parliament, [284], [285], [287] sqq.;
meets Francis at Boulogne, [294];
his marriage with Anne Boleyn, [295], [296], [300];
Cranmer pronounces the divorce, [296], [300], [302];
sentence of greater excommunication drawn up against him, [303];
his treatment of Catherine, [303], [304];
his position abroad, [305] sqq.;
closes the Staple at Calais, [308];
his position at home, [313];
his episcopal appointments, [318];
his marriage to Catherine pronounced valid by Clement, [321];
becomes more despotic, [322], [323];
sends Fisher and More to the Tower, and the Friars Observants to the block, [324];
position as Supreme Head of the Church, [325-330];
executes Fisher and More, [331-334];
rejoices at Catherine's death, [335];
obtains the Statute of Uses, [336];
orders a general visitation of the monasteries, [337-339];
dissolves the monasteries and divides monastic spoils with the laity, [341];
dislikes, divorces, and beheads Anne Boleyn, [343-346];
marries Jane Seymour, [346], [347];
power to bequeath the crown given him by Parliament (see [Acts] of Succession), [348];
his position strengthened by the death of Catherine and of Anne Boleyn, [349], [350];
refuses to side against Francis I., [350], [351];
deals with the Pilgrimage of Grace, [355];
his answer to the rebels, [356];
conference with Aske, [357];
establishes Council of the North, [358];
his relations with Cardinal Pole, [358], [359];
his good fortune culminates in the birth of Edward VI., [360], [361];
development of his intellect, [363], [364];
completes the Union of England and Wales, [365], [366];
establishes peace in Ireland, [367];
thinks of marrying a French princess, [369], [370];
and then of Christina of Milan, [370], [371];
desecrates the shrine of St. Thomas, [372];
is excommunicated by the Pope, [373];
removes possible claimants to the throne, [374], [375];
and takes other measures for defence, [375-377];
issues the Ten Articles, [378], and The Bishops' Book, [379];
permits the Bible in English and destroys images, [379], [380];
and dissolves the greater monasteries, [381];
issues a manifesto against the Pope's authority to summon a General Council, and enters into negotiations with the German princes, [381], [382];
marries Anne of Cleves, [382-386];
but remains a Catholic at heart, [387-389];
and presses the Six Articles, [390];
repudiates the German alliance, [393];
ruins Cromwell, [394];
and divorces Anne, [395];
marries Catherine Howard, [398], [399];
renews his alliance with Charles V. and represses heresy, [400];
erects new bishoprics and endows new professorships, [401];
executes the Countess of Salisbury and Catherine Howard, [403], [404];
makes war on Scotland, renewing his feudal claims to that kingdom, [406] sqq.;
joins Charles V. against France, [409], [410];
marries Catherine Parr, [410];
invades France and captures Boulogne, [412];
is deserted by Charles, and left to face alone the French invasion, [413];
on its failure makes peace with France, [415];
issues various religious proclamations and The King's Book, [416], [417];
debases the coinage and appropriates the lands of chantries, [418], [419];
his last speech to Parliament, [419], [420];
his illness, [424];
and death, [425];
will and burial, [426].
—— —— descriptions of, as a child, [19];
on his accession, [39];
by Mountjoy, [40];
by Sir Thomas More, [48], [428];
by Falier in 1529, [240];
in 1541, [402].
—— —— his popularity, [35], [38];
his accomplishments, [22], [25], [39], [40], [239];
his athletic prowess, [39-41], [95], [239];
his display of wealth, [96];
his love of pleasure in the beginning of his reign, [46-48];
his morality, [185-187];
his love of gambling, [241];
his hasty temper, [132], [133];
his hardening of character, [240], [323], [402];
his affection for Mary, [304];
his egotism, [427];
his imperial ideas, [362-364];
his piety, [105], [106], [274];
his illnesses, [240] and [note], [402], [424].
—— —— gradual evolution of his character, [427], [428];
causes of his dictatorship, [429];
a constitutional king, [430];
the typical embodiment of his age, [431];
careful of law, but careless of justice, [435];
use of Acts of Attainder, [436];
imitates Tiberius, [436] [n];
illustrates the contrast between morals and politics, [437], [438];
character of his aims, [439];
comparison of the good and evil that he did, [439], [440].
"Henry VIII." by Shakespeare, [110], [116] [n], [197] [n], [434] [n].
Henry of Navarre, [186].
Herbert, Lord, of Cherbury, [16].
Hereford, Bishops of. See [Foxe], Edward, and [Bonner], Edmund.
Hertford, Earl of. See [Seymour], Edward.
Hildebrand, [233].
Hobbes, Thomas, [433].
Holbein, Hans, [140], [371], [384] and [note].
Holy League (of 1511), [55], [64], [88], [107].
—— —— (of 1526), [168-170], [225].
—— Roman Empire. See [Empire].
Horsey, Dr. William, Chancellor of London, [236] and [note].
Houghton, John, [331].
Howard, Admiral Sir Edmund, [63].
—— Catherine. See [Catherine].
—— Henry, Earl of Surrey, poet, [21], [422], [423].
—— Thomas I., Earl of Surrey, afterwards second Duke of Norfolk, one of the four dukes in Henry VIII.'s reign, [2] [n];
Lord High Treasurer, [49];
wins Flodden and is made Duke of Norfolk, [68], [80];
his opinions on the imperial election, [102];
his pensions, [116].
—— Thomas II., Earl of Surrey, afterwards third Duke of Norfolk, was one of the four dukes in Henry VIII.'s reign, [2] [n];
his military campaigns, [157], [413], [422];
his relationship to Anne Boleyn, [203], [343] [n];
takes the seal from Wolsey, [246];
his pocket-boroughs, [253];
speaks of the "infinite clamours" against the Church, [271], [291];
sent to the papal nuncio, [282];
talks to Sir Thomas More of the fickleness of princes, [248];
presides at Anne Boleyn's trial, [344];
is sent to the North, [355], [357], [358] [n], [407];
mouthpiece of the King in Parliament, [391];
his relationship to Catherine Howard, [397], [399], [416];
possibility of ruling during Edward VI.'s minority, [421];
is attainted, [423], [424].
Hull, [357].
Hungary, [51], [226] [n].
Hunne, Richard, [236] [n].
Hurst Castle, [375].
Hussey, Sir John, Baron Hussey, [353].
Hutton, John, [370].