To show how this is done all that is needed is to continue the experiment with the lighted lamp and the apple which you used for the eclipse of the Moon. You will remember in that experiment you were turned with your back to the lamp and with the apple held in front of you.
Now to show how the Sun is eclipsed by the Moon keep on turning round until you face the lighted lamp with the apple in between and in a straight line with your eyes and the flame, as shown in [Fig. 122].
Again you will find that the side of the apple nearest you will be in a deep shadow, though usually it can still be seen, and though you can see the light all round the apple yet you cannot see the flame.
This is exactly what takes place when the Moon gets between the Earth and the Sun and all of these bodies are in a straight line, as shown in [Fig. 123]; the Moon will then cover up the Sun and the shadow of the Moon will fall upon the Earth in a circle about 100 miles in diameter, as shown in [Fig. 124]. It is thus that the Sun is eclipsed.
Fig. 124.—Total Eclipse of the Sun,
Showing Path of the Sun.
Fig. 125.—Total Eclipse of the Sun, from Photo.
Fig. 126.—Annular Eclipse of the Sun.