Fig. 195.—Characteristic shells of S. France: A, Helix (Macularia) niciensis Fér.; B, Leucochroa candidissima Drap.

(ii) Southern France.—The southern portion of France bordering on the Mediterranean contains many species, especially of Helix, which do not occur in the centre and north. Amongst these are—

Several species of fresh-water Hydrobia (Bithynella) occur. The district, on the whole, unites certain characteristics derived from northern Italy with those of eastern Spain.

(iii) The Italo-Dalmatian district includes Italy and the neighbouring islands (Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, Malta), and the regions at the head and north-eastern shores of the Adriatic (Carinthia, Carniola, Croatia, and Dalmatia), the line which separates these latter districts from the fauna of southern Austria, Bosnia, and Servia being very difficult to define.

Fig. 196.—Helix (Pomatia) aperta L., S. France, showing epiphragm.

Fig. 197.—Helix (Campylaea) zonata Stud., Piedmont.