[1477] Ascon. in Pison. p. 8.
[1478] This is proved both by the attempt of Crassus, as censor in 65 B.C., to place the Transpadanes on the register of citizens (Dio Cass. xxxvii. 9), and by Cicero’s comment on Marcellus’ action in scourging a citizen of Novum Comum in 51 B.C. (Cic. ad Att. v. 11, 2 “Marcellus foede in Comensi: etsi ille magistratum non gesserit, erat tamen Transpadanus”).
[1479] Dio Cass. xli. 36.
[1480] Cic. ad Att. v. 2, 3 “eratque rumor de Transpadanis, eos jussos IIIIviros creare. Quod si ita est, magnos motus timeo.”
[1481] App. B.C. v. 3 τήν τε γὰρ Κελτικὴν τὴν ἐντὸς Ἄλπεων ἐδόκει Καίσαρος ἀξιοῦντος (i.e. Octavianus after Philippi) αὐτόνομον ἀφιέναι, γνώμῃ τοῦ προτέρου Καίσαρος. Cf. iii. 30 and Dio Cass. xlviii. 12.
[1482] The name given to the district in the law Gallia Cisalpeina, Gallia cis Alpeis (cc. 22 and 23) suits both epochs equally well, for Caesar had not made it a part of Italy. The fact that the praetor urbanus is the central authority in jurisdiction (cc. 21 and 22) suits the Augustan epoch better.
[1483] Lex Rubria cc. 21 and 22. For the vadimonium cf. Cic. in Verr. v. 13, 34 (quoted p. 313).
[1484] Generally quattuorviri, this board being usually divided into two magistrates with higher jurisdiction (duumviri juri dicundo) and two police officials (duumviri aediles). Sometimes we find IIIIviri dicundo, perhaps a designation for the joint board, or, where the magistrates with aedilician power alone are referred to, IIIIviri aediles or aedilicia potestate. See Wilmanns Index pp. 620-622.
[1485] Lex Julia mun. l. 84. Cf. Cic. in Pis. 22, 51 “neque enim regio ulla fuit, nec municipium neque praefectura aut colonia, ex qua non ad me publice venerint gratulatum.”
[1486] Wilmanns Index p. 618.