[40]

Casimir IV. of Poland, 1445–1492
John Albert Alexander Sigismund I.   Ladislas, King of Hungary and
1492–1501 1501–1506 1506–1548 Bohemia, 1471–1516
Lewis = Mary, g.d. of Max.   Anne, g.d. of Max. = Ferdinand I.
1516–1526

[41] The success of these and other marriages of the Hapsburgs is commemorated in the lines:—

‘Bella gerant alii, tu felix Austria nube,

Nam quæ Mars aliis, dat tibi regna Venus.’


CHAPTER III

FROM THE ELECTION OF CHARLES TO THE BATTLE OF PAVIA

The Imperial Election—Preparations of Charles and Francis for war, which is, however, delayed—The Revolt of the Comuneros—The Diet of Worms—The Council of Regency—The Renaissance and the Reformation—Erasmus and Luther—The Imperial Ban—War between Charles and Francis—Their Alliances—Successes of Imperial Troops—Adrian VI. succeeds Leo X.—His quarrel with Charles—Battle of Bicocca—Treaty of Windsor—Luther and the Council of Regency—Diet of Nuremberg—The Knights’ War—Congress of Ratisbon—Battle of Pavia—The Peasants’ War.