[49] Some of these represent the goddess with the arms folded, and not pressed against the breasts. See, for example, the photograph of one found at Naxos in the Comptes rendus du Congrès international d’ Archéologie, 1905, p. 221. For Trojan examples, see Ilios, pp. 331–6.
[50] See Mémoires de la Délégation en Perse, viii. pp. 336–7. A report of some of the results of the Pumpelly expedition is given by Dr. Hubert Schmidt in the Zeitschrift für Ethnologie 1906, Pt. iii, p. 385.
[51] Flint implements, however, were discovered by Taylor in his excavations at Abu Shahrein, the site of Eridu (Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, xv. p. 410 and plate ii.).
[52] See Taylor’s “Notes on the Ruins of Muqeyer,” in the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, xv. pp. 271–3 and 415.
[53] Nippur, vol. ii. pp. 381–6.
[54] The Babylonian Expedition of the University of Pennsylvania, i. 2, pp. 26–7.
[55] Transactions of the Society of Biblical Archæology, 1876, pp. 347–8.
[56] Figured in the Quarterly Statement of the Palestine Exploration Fund, October 1904, p. 335.
[57] Layard, Nineveh and Babylon, pp. 571–3.
[58] ANA-BAR. Bar is given as the Sumerian pronunciation of the word for “stone” (Syllabary 5, iv. 11, in Delitzsch’s Assyrische Lesestücke, 3rd edition). In Old Egyptian “iron” was similarly ba-n-pet, “stone of heaven,” while “silver” was “white gold,” “gold” being symbolized by a collar. We may compare the Indo-European “white” metal as a name of “silver.” The Sumerian azag-gi, “gold,” was a form of azagga, “precious,” more especially “precious metal”; the more specific word for “gold” was guskin, with which the Armenian oski must be connected. “Silver” was bábara, the “bright” metal, nagga being “lead,” the Armenian anag. The identity of the Armenian and Sumerian words for “gold” and “lead,” coupled with the Armenian origin of the vine, and the fact that the mountain on which the ark of the Babylonian Noah rested was Jebel Judi, south of Lake Van, raises an interesting question as to the origin of Sumerian civilization.