[440]. It is also possible that chapter xx. ought to precede chapter xix.
[441]. 1 Sam. xix. 2.
[442]. Hitzig identified the name of Achish with that of the Homeric Ankhisês. Whether this is so or not, Dr. W. Max Müller is probably right in seeing the same name in that of a native of Keft, or the northern coast of Syria, mentioned in an Egyptian papyrus where it is written Akashau (Spiegelberg in the Zeitschrift für Assyriologie, viii. p. 384).
[443]. Unless, indeed, 1 Sam. xxiii. 16-18 is an interpolation.
[444]. 1 Sam. xxiv. 2. Compare the expression used by Sennacherib when describing his campaign against the Cilicians: ‘Like a wild goat I climbed to the high peaks against them’ (W. A. I., i. 39, 77).
[445]. The name is preserved in the modern Tell Zif.
[446]. Shunem was a fortified city, already mentioned in the Tel el-Amarna tablets, Aphek a mere village. Shunem had evidently been captured, and the Philistine camp subsequently formed outside its walls a little to the west.
[447]. See Exod. xxii. 18; Lev. xx. 27; Deut. xviii. 10, 11.
[448]. We are told in 1 Chron. xii. 19 that even while he was in the Philistine camp at Aphek, and again when he was on the march back to Ziklag, ‘some of Manasseh’ deserted to him.
[449]. The Negeb or ‘South’ was divided at the time into the Negeb of the Cherethites or Philistines, of the Jews, and of the Calebites (1 Sam. xxx. 14, 16.) Up to the end of Saul’s reign, therefore, Caleb and Judah had not been as yet amalgamated into a single tribe.