The left hand and right forearm, which appear to have been separate pieces, are wanting. The left hand held some attribute, perhaps a branch, for which there is a mark of attachment by the left knee. The right hand, which rested on the stump beside the right leg, seems to have held a strap.—From the Choiseul-Gouffier Collection, 1818.
Marble; height, 5 feet 10½ inches. Restored: tip of nose. Specimens, II., pl. 5; Ellis, Townley Gallery, I. p. 194; Clarac, III., pl. 482b, No. 931a; Mus. Marbles, XI., pl. 32; Journ. of Hellen. Studies, I., pl. 4; Stereoscopic, No. 143; Murray, I., pl. 8; Wolters, No. 221.
This statue, commonly known as the Choiseul-Gouffier Apollo, together with other examples of the same type, has given rise to much discussion. The chief replica is a statue at Athens, commonly called the 'Apollo on the Omphalos,' having been associated with a marble omphalos, or sacred cone of Apollo, which was discovered at the same time. Grave doubts, however, exist as to the connection of the figure and of the omphalos. (Journ. of Hellen. Studies, I., p. 180; Athenische Mittheilungen, IX., p. 248.) The Athenian statue is published, Conze, Beiträge, pls. 3, 5; Journ. of Hellen. Studies, I., pl. 5; Murray, I., pl. 8; Brunn, Denkmaeler, No. 42. For a list of other replicas of the type, see Athenische Mittheilungen, IX., p. 239. The statue is generally taken to be an Apollo. It has, indeed, been argued that it is a pugilist, and not Apollo (Waldstein, Journ. of Hellen. Studies, I., p. 182; Overbeck, Gr. Plast., 3rd ed., II., p. 414); and if the figure is Apollo, it must be admitted that 'the proportions are rather suited to the patron of pugilism (Il. ψ. 660) than to the leader of a celestial orchestra' (Specimens, II., pl. 5; Athenische Mittheilungen, IX., p. 244). But the title is established by a quiver attached to the stump of a replica in Rome (Matz-Duhn, Bildw. in Rom, I., No. 179), and of a somewhat similar figure at Cassel (Athenische Mittheilungen, I., pl. 10), and by the fact that a copy (No. 210) has been found in the temple of Apollo at Cyrenè. Moreover, the head of a similar figure, undoubtedly an Apollo, occurs on a relief in the Capitoline Museum (Braun, Vorschule der Kunstmythologie, pl. 5). Compare also the figure of Apollo on a vase at Bologna, Mon. dell' Inst., X., pl. 54. There has also been much discussion as to the school of art to which the type must be assigned, and as to the character of the original statue. The statue has been assigned by different writers to Calamis ("Apollo Alexikakos"; Conze, Beiträge, p. 19; Murray, I., p. 189; Furtwaengler, in Roscher's Lexicon, I., p. 456); to Pasiteles (Kekulé, Menelaos, p. 30); to Alcamenes (Furtwaengler, Athenische Mittheilungen, V., p. 39; cf. Journ. of Hellen. Studies, VIII., p. 41); to Pythagoras of Rhegium ("Euthymos"; Waldstein, loc. cit.); and to Callimachos ("Apollo Daphnephoros"; Schreiber, Athenische Mittheilungen, IX., p. 248). It has been variously held that the original statue was of bronze, and is therefore lost (Mus. Marbles, XI., pl. 32; cf. Murray, I., p. 191), or that the Athenian statue is the original, whence other copies are derived (Athenische Mittheilungen, IX., p. 240).
The krobylos seems to indicate some Attic sculptor of the first half of the 5th cent. b.c. (Schreiber, Athenische Mittheilungen, VIII., p. 255). The existence of numerous copies proves that the original was famous, and it is generally supposed that the figure is an Apollo. It is impossible to make a more definite statement with confidence, in the present state of our knowledge as to the Attic sculptors who preceded Pheidias.
210. Head of Apollo, a replica of No. 209. The head is broken off in the middle of the neck. The chin, the tip of the nose, and parts of the hair are wanting. The author of this copy has misunderstood the arrangement of the headdress.—Found by Smith and Porcher in the Temple of Apollo at Cyrenè.
Marble; height, 11 inches; Smith and Porcher, p. 100 No. 19 Murray, I., p. 190.
211. Head of Apollo, a replica of No. 209. The head is broken off below the chin. The nose and the tip of the chin are wanting.
This copy shows better than either 209 or 210, the arrangement of the hair in the krobylos, the origin of the plaits being clearly indicated. It chiefly differs from them in the amount of hair falling down at the back of the ears; in this head there are the remains of thick tresses, while in the other instances there are only a few short curls. There is a rectangular hole at the back of the head.—Presented by the Hon. E. A. Pelham.
Marble; height, 9½ inches. This head was found in 1882 at a cottage at Ventnor, built by Sir Richard Worsley. It was, doubtless, brought by him from Greece.