FOOTNOTES:
[195:1] This feeling was forcibly expressed by Godkin in his essay on "The Decline of Legislatures."
[196:1] This is elaborately discussed by Charles Benoist, La Crise de l'État Moderne.
[197:1] For "keeping one's name on the books" the university sometimes requires a fee which diminishes seriously the number of graduates entitled to vote either for Parliament or on academic questions. In Cambridge, for example, the electors are only about one half the graduates.
[197:2] For England, 2 Will. IV., c. 45. For Scotland, 2-3 Will. IV., c. 65. For Ireland 2-3 Will. IV., c. 88.
[198:1] Scotland obtained eight additional members, and Ireland five.
[199:1] In several cases small Scotch counties are combined in pairs for the election of a single member, but this antedated the Act of 1885.
[199:2] Whereof twenty are in England, and one each in Wales, Scotland, and Ireland.
[200:1] This is not because the county constituencies are essentially larger or smaller than those of the boroughs. The Borough of Wandsworth, for example, had, in 1901, a population of 179,877. These figures are taken from single-member constituencies; for it so happens that the two-member boroughs, when their population is divided by two, are neither among the largest or the smallest. Com. Papers, 1905, LXII., 333 et seq.
[201:1] 39-40 Geo. III., c. 67, Art. 4.