POEMS LONG OR SHORT EASILY LEARNED BY HEART.
Poe’s “Bells.”

1. Before attempting to memorize any selections of Prose or Poetry, never fail first to read it carefully to ascertain what it is all about, to learn its aim and mode of development and its peculiarities, and not least of all, to look up and note down in writing the meaning of unfamiliar words.

2. In this poem the average reader might have to consult the dictionary for the precise meaning of “Crystalline” [clear, unalloyed], “Runic” [old-fashioned, mystical], “Tintinnabulation” [bell-ringing], “Monody” meaning of the words and their relations between the meanings, and therefore if he fails to know the import of any word or words in a selection, he cannot receive the full benefit of the methods taught in this System.

3. The reader finds that there are four stanzas in this poem, each dealing with a different kind of bell, viz.: Silver, Golden, Brazen and Iron bells.

4. It is always best to fix in memory the order of paragraphs or of stanzas the moment the opportunity occurs for that purpose, and here, before attempting to memorise the stanzas themselves, let the order of them be fixed.

5. The order of the bells is first “silver,” second “golden,” third “brazen,” and fourth “iron.” How establish this order in mind? Silver and gold are the precious metals used for coins. They occur here in the order of‌ their value, “silver” being first and the cheaper, and “gold” the second and the most valuable of all. Next we have “brazen,” which resembles “gold” in colour, and fourth and last we have “iron,” the cheapest of the four—silver, gold, brass and iron. If this analysis of the order of the subject-matter of the stanzas is retained, the student is ready to take account of other things which his first perusal of the poem has taught him.

6. Before doing so, however, let us notice a method of the old Mnemonics, which is still taught and which should never be resorted to. It is their story-telling method. A story or narrative is invented for the purpose of helping the student, as it is claimed, to memorise it. In this poem we find there are four stanzas, each occupied with a different kind of bell. To help remember that the order of the bells is silver, gold, brass and iron, the old Mnemonics advises us to invent a story—the following will answer: A couple of lovers once took a sleigh-ride, the horses carrying silver bells. After a time they marry, when wedding or golden bells are used. Later on their house is on fire, when alarm or brazen bells are brought into requisition, and last of all, one of the couple dies, when the iron bells were tolled.

Whilst such a method is a novelty to the student, he might tolerate it as such, but as a memory-aid it is always unreliable, since it is something in addition to the matter to be remembered and forming no part of it, the invented story, if remembered at all, is apt to be recalled as an integral part of the selection itself.

7. In this first perusal the reader has noticed that there is a certain uniformity of construction in the first line of each stanza, as in the first stanza we have: “Hear the sledges with the bells—silver bells;” in the second, “Hear the mellow wedding bells—golden bells;” in the third, “Hear the loud alarum bells—brazen bells;” and in the fourth and last, “Hear the tolling of the bells—iron bells.”

8. The reader has also observed that the second line in each stanza contains a reflection in the form of an exclamation on the function or result of the uses of the bells spoken of, as in the second line of the first stanza we see: “What a world of merriment their melody foretells;” in the second stanza the second line gives us, “What a world‌ of happiness their harmony foretells;” the second line of the third stanza reads as follows: “What a tale of terror, now, their turbulency tells;” and in the fourth stanza the second line runs thus: “What a world of solemn thought their monody compels.”