In Fig. 11 the bubble has been too firmly closed to reopen, and the summit has been struck by the column within. The next figure (No. 12) shows how in such a case the emergent column becomes entangled in the liquid of the bubble when it bursts. Under the influence, however, of the surface-tension, which pushes back the protuberances and pulls out the hollows, regularity of form is soon regained. Thus Fig. 13 shows the emergent columns at a later stage after such an encounter, already much more symmetrical; and the subsequent photographs (for which a good deal of milk was added for the sake of greater visibility) show a column of uniformly sedate and respectable rotundity, betraying no traces of any youthful irregularities.
SERIES II—(continued)
| 11 0·105 sec. |
| 12 0·095 sec. | 13 0·113 sec. |
| 14 0·132 sec. | 15 0·194 sec. |
SERIES II—(continued)
| 16 0·217 sec. |
| 17 0·240 sec. |