Poletajew, N. Ueber die Spinndrüsen der Blattwespen. (Zool. Anzeiger, 1885, pp. 22–23.)
Meinert, Fr. Contribution à l’anatomie des fourmilions. (Overs. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Forh. Kjöbenhavn, 1889, pp. 43–66, 2 Pls.)
Blanc, Louis. Étude sur la sécrétion de la soie et la structure du brin et de la bave dans le Bombyx mori. Lyon, 1889, pp. 48, 4 Pls.
—— La tête du Bombyx mori à l’état larvaire. Anatomie et physiologie. (Extrait du volume des Travaux du Laboratoire d’Études de la Soie. Années 1889–1890, Lyon, 1891, pp. 180, 95 figs.)
Gilson, G. Recherches sur les cellules sécrétantes. La soie et les appareils séricigènes: I. Lépidoptères. (La Cellule, 1890, vi, pp. 115–182, 3 Pls. I, Lépidoptères (suite); II, Trichoptères. Ibid., x, pp. 71–93, 1893, 1 Pl.)
Garman, H. Silk-spinning dipterous larvæ (Science, xx, 1893, p. 215).
Also the writings of Meckel, Pictet, Duméril, Klapálek, Wistinghausen, Loew, Hagen, Fritz Müller, Kolbe, McLachlan, de Selys-Longchamps.
c. The cæcal appendages.
These diverticula of the mid-intestine (“stomach”) are appended to the anterior end, and in the living, transparent larva of Sciara, which has two large, long, slender cœca (Fig. 341), the partly digested food may be seen oscillating back and forth from the anterior end of the stomach into and out of the base of each cæcum. In the Locustidæ (Anabrus, Fig. 299) and Gryllidæ (Fig. 344, e) there are two large, short cæca, and in the locusts (Caloptenus) there are six cæca, while cockroaches have eight. In the Coleoptera (Carabidæ and Dyticidæ) these large cæca appear to be replaced by very numerous slender, minute villi or tubules, which arise from the anterior part of the stomach (Figs. 317, r, also 342).
These cæca differ in structure from the stomach, as shown by Graber, as well as by Plateau and by Minot. The latter states that a single transverse section of one of the diverticula of the locust demonstrates at once that its structure is entirely different from that of the stomach.