The History of the Revolutions of Portugal

by abbé de Vertot; Pierre Marie Louis de Boisgelin de Kerdu

A CHRONOLOGICAL HISTORICAL TABLE OF THE KINGS OF PORTUGAL,

From Henry, duke of Burgundy, count of Portugal, to John IV, duke of Braganza, and king of Portugal.

KINGS AND QUEENS	—The Year of their—				CHILDREN.	ALLIANCES.	PRINCIPAL EVENTS.
	birth	marriage	coronat.	death			Henry was count of the canton
Henry of Burgandy,	towards	1094	made	1112	Alphonso 1st king	Ferdinand Nuguez, a	of Lusitania, situated between the
count of Portugal.	1060	or	count		Theresa,	Portugueze nobleman.	Douro and the Minho. He fixed
Theresa, the naturel		1095	the day			Bermond Paez, count	his residence at Guimaraez, on the
daughter of Alphonso			of his		Urraca.	of Trasmare, a natural	banks of the river Ave. Henry entered
the VI, king of			marriage.			son.	Spain to assist Alphonso IV,
Castille.							king of Castille and Leon, against
							the Moors, who rewarded his services
							by giving him his natural
							daughter Theresa in marriage, together
Alphonso Enriquez,			1112	1185	Henry died young		with the county of Lusitania.
1st king, reigned					Sancho, king,		Henry afterwards took from
with his mother					John,		the Moors Viseo, Lamego, Braga
Theresa till the					Mafalda,		and Coimbra.
year 1128.							1139, the battle of Campo Ourique,
Mafalda, or					Urraca.		since called Cabeza de Reis
Mathilda, daughter							or (head of the king). Alphonso, in
of Amadeus, count of						The first wife of Alphonso	commemoration of the victory obtained
Maurienne and Savoy.						II, king of Arragon.	that day over five Moorish
						Married first to Philip,	kings, added five small escutcheons
					Theresa, afterwards	count of Flandres, and	to his arms.
					called Mathilda.	secondly to Eudes III,	In 1143 or 1147, the states assembled
						duke of Burgundy.	at Lamego, confirmed the
							title of king, which his army had
							bestowed on the field of battle at
							Campo Ourique, and established
							the fundamental laws relative to the
							succession of the crown. (See
							Vertot.)
							1147 the institution (according to
							some authors) of the two military
							orders of the Wing and of Avis; the
							latter was not worn as at present
							till the year 1162.
							1147 or 1148. Capture of Lisbon:
Sancho I.	1154		1185	1211	Alphonso, king,		The royal residence was at
Donna Dulcia, daughter				La Clede.	Ferrand or		that time at Coimbra.
of Raymond Bérenger					Ferdinand,
IV, count of							1203, capture of Elvas.
Barcelona and king						Joanna, daughter of
of Arragon.				1212	Pedro,	Baldwin, emperor of
				Fer-		Constantinople.
				reras.	Theresa
					Mafalda or	Aurembiax, countess of
					Mathilda,	Urgel.
					Sancha, abbess
					of Lorvam,	Alphonso IX, k. of Leon.
					Blanca,	Waldemar, king of Denmark.
					Berengara.		1217. A great victory gained
							over the Moorish kings of Cordova
Alphonso II, surnamed	1185	1207	1211	1223	Sancho, king,		and Badajos.
the fat.					Alphonso, king,	Waldemar, prince of
Urraca, daughter of					Ferdinand,	Denmark.
Alphonso III, king of					Vincent,
Castille.					Leonora.	He married, or as it is	1245. King Sancho was excommunicated
						generally thought, had	by the pope, and quitted
Sancho II, surnamed	1208		1223	1248		for a concubine donna	the kingdom. He died in 1248, at
Sancho with the hood,						Mencia, daughter of don	Toledo.
because his mother had						Lopez Dias de Haro, by
dedicated him to St.						donna Urraca, the natural
Augustine, and had						daughter of Alphonso III,
him educated amongst						king of Castille.
the canons regular.							1267. The king of Castille gave
							up the kingdom of Algarve to Alphonso,
Alphonso III.	1210	1238	1248	1279	Denis, king,		of which, however, he still
Mathilda Dammartin,					Alphonso,		continued the usufructuary.
countess of Boulogne-					Ferdinand,
on-the-sea, and widow					Vincent,
of Philip Huspel, son					Blanch,
of king Philip					Constance,
Augustus. She was					Blanche.
repudiated in 1254.
Beatrix de Gusman,
natural daughter of
the king of Castille.
Denis, surnamed the	1261	1282	1279	1325	Alphonso, king,		1290. A university founded at
liberal, and the father					Constance.	Ferdinand IV, king of	Lisbon, which was transferred to
of his country.						Castille.	Coimbra in 1308. The Portugueze
							language underwent several improvements;
Elisabeth, daughter of							and the celebrated romance
don Pedro III, king							of Amadis de Gaul was written
of Arragon.							by Vasco Lobeira. The French
							have endeavoured, though in vain,
Alphonso IV, surnamed	1291	1309	1325	1357	Alphonso } died		to attribute it to one of their nation.
the brave or the proud.	or				Denis } young		1319, institution of the ordre of
	1290				Pedro, king,		Christ.
Beatrix, daughter of	new hist.				Mary,		1340. Famous battle of Tarisa
Sancho IV, king of	of						or Celdona, in which, according
Castille.	Portugal				Leonora.		to the Spanish historians, more than
						Alphonso XI, king of	200,000 Moors were slain.
Pedro I, surnamed	1320	1339	1357	1367	By the queen	Castille.	1355, the king causes the celebrated
the justician or the					Constance,	Second wife of Pedro IV,	Inez de Castro to be put to
severe.					Lewis died	king of Arragon.	death.
					young.
Constance, daughter							1361. Don Pedro gave orders for
of John Emmanuel,					Ferdinand, king		the body of Inez de Castro, to be
of Castille.					and Maria.		taken up, and removed with all the
							pomp due to royalty, to the royal
Inez de Castro,					By		monastery of Alcobaça, there to be
his concubine.					Inez de Castro,	Ferdinand of Arragon,	interred under a white marble
					Alphonso died	Marquis of Tortosa.	monument, on which she is represented
					young.		with a crown on her
					Denis.		head.
					John, duke of	Jane, natural daughter of
					Valencia,	Henry II, k. of Castille.
						Maria Tellez, and, secondly,
					John, natural son	Constance, natural
					by Theresa de Lorenzo,	daughter of Henry
					who afterwards	II, king of Castille.
					became
					king of Portugal.
Ferdinand.	1340	1372	1367	1383	Beatrix,	Don Juan I, of Castille.	1381, the English, under the
Leonora Tellez, wife							command of the earl of Cambridge,
L. da Cunha.							brother to the duke of Lancaster,
							came to the assistance of the king.
			Regent				1385. Battle of d’Aljubarotta
John I, surnamed the	1357	1387	1383	1433	Edward,		against the king of Castille. A
great, and father of			King		Pedro, duke of		convent built on the field of battle,
his country.			1385		Coimbra,		which afterwards became the burying
Philippa, the daughter					Henry, duke of		place for the kings of Portugal.
of the duke of Lancaster.					Viseu,		Ferdinand Nugno Alvarez Perreyra,
					Ferdinand,		constable of Portugal, was made
					Juan,	Philip the good, duke of	duke of Braganza, as a reward for
					Isabella,	Burgundy.	his great services. His heiress afterwards
							married Alphonso of Portugal,
					and a natural son.		the natural son of John I, from
							which marriage sprung the family
							of Braganza now reigning in Portugal.
Edward.	1391	1428	1433	1438	Alphonso, king,		1415, capture of Ceuta in Africa.
Leonora, daughter of					Ferdinand, duke		1420, discovery and conquest of
Ferdinand, king of					of Viseu.		Madeira.
Arragon and Sicily.					Philip died		1422, the Christian era first in
					young,		general use throughout Portugal.
					Leonora,
					Catherine,	Frederic III, Emperor.
							1459. Alphonso V instituted
Alphonso V, surnamed	1432	1446	1438	1481	Jane or Joanna,	Henry IV, king of Castille.	the order of the sword.
the African.							1476. The battle of Toro gained
Isabella, his cousin.					a natural son,		by Ferdinand, king of Castille,
					called John Emmanuel.		against Alphonso, who goes to
							France to demand assistance from
							Louis XI, whom he met at Tours.
							He embarked the next year at
							Houfleur, in Normandy, for Portugal,
							where he arrived Nov. 15.
Don Juan or John II,							1482, John II, erected Fort St.
surnamed the perfect.	1455		1481	1495	Alphonso died		George on the coast of Guinea.
					12th July, 1491.
Emmanuel, surnamed							1483. The duke of Braganza beheaded
the fortunate.	1469		1495	1521			for conspiring with the king
					By Isabella;		of Castille against the state.
Isabella of Arragon,		1497			Michel, died at
stiled of Castille,					the age of two		1486. The Cape of Good Hope
widow of the infant					years,		discovered by Bartholomew Diuz,
don Alphonso.							who gave it at first the name of
					By Maria;		Capo Tormento.
Maria of Castille,		1500			John III, king,
Isabella’s sister.					Louis,		1492. Discovery of the kingdoms
					Ferdinand,		of Congo and Benin.
Eleanor of Austria,		1519			Alphonso, cardinal,
sister of Charles V,					Henry, cardinal		1493, The Pope fixes the line
afterwards married to					and king,		of demarcation which limits the
Francis I.					Edward,		navigation of the two crowns of
					Anthonio,		Spain and Portugal in the new
					Maria died in her		hemisphere. This line was afterwards
					infancy,		changed by pope Alexander VI.
					Elisabeth.
							1496. Emmanuel banished the
							Jews.
							1497, Vasguez and Paul Gama
							doubled the Cape of Good Hope,
							for the first time; they discovered
							the whole of the eastern coast of
							Ethiopia, and in
							1498 arrived at Calcutta.
							1500, Pedro Alvarez Capral or
							Cabral, discovered Brazil.
							1506, Francisco d’Almyda formed
							several settlements in the kingdoms
							of Norsinque, Quito, Cananor,
							and Cochin. His son Lorenzo
							took possession of the Maldiva
							islands, and the island of Ceylon.
							1507, Ormus taken by Francisco
							Alburquerque.
							1510, Jaquez Signeira entered
						Emperor Charles V.	the island of Sumatra. Alburquerque
							took Goa by surprise.
						Charles III, duke of	1511, Capture of the island of
					Maria Beatrix.	Savoy.	Malacca.
					By Eleonor;		1517, Ferdinand Peres Auduade
					A Prince and		landed in China, and obtained permission
					Princess.		to build the town of Macao.
							1520, Anthonio Correa discovered
John III.	1502		1521	1557	Alphonso,		Pegu.
Catherine of					Emmanuel,
Austria.					Philip,		A modern author takes notice
					Denis,		of earthquakes which happened in
					John,		the beginning of John IIId’s reign,
					Anthonio,		but we know not on what authority
					Maria,		he founds his information.
					Isabella,		1526, The inquisition instituted
					Beatrice.		in Portugal.
						Phillip II, king of Spain.	1541. Introduction of the Jesuits.
Sebastian, son of	1554		1557	1578			The king takes the habit of
the infant John V,							that order, and submits himself to
son of John III.							the superior, though by permission
							of the Holy See he still preserved
							his crown.
Henry I, cardinal.	1512		1578	1580	See History of
					Spain.		1548. Orange trees first brought
Anthonio, grand	1531		1580	1595			from China, and planted in Portugal.
prior of Crato,
natural son of							1578. Sebastian defeated by the
Louis II, the son							Moors in the battle of Alcacer.
of Emmanuel.							For particulars of this unfortunate
							expedition into Africa, (see Vertot.)
							Sebastian was the first king of
							Portugal who bore the title of majesty
							bestowed upon him by Philip
							II, of Spain.
							1580. Anthonio defeated at Alcantara
							by the Spaniards. He flew
							for refuge to France, where he
							died in 1595, and having made
							Henry IV his heir, he particularly
							recommended his two sons to his
							protection.
Spanish Kings.							1581. States general of Portugal
							held at Tomar. Philip II acknowledged
							as king, provided Portugal
							might ever be regarded as a
							separate and independent kingdom,
Philip II of Spain,			1580	1598			of which Lisbon should be
and Philip I of Portugal.							the capital. So many persons
							were thrown into the Tagus, that
Philip III, and II of			1621	1640			the inhabitants would not eat the
Portugal.							fish, whereupon the archbishop of
							Lisbon, solemnly, and with the
Philip IV, and III of			1640				accustomed rites, absolved and
Portugal.							blessed the river.
John IV, duke of Braganza,	1604		1640	1656	Alphonso VI. k.		Vertot commences his relation
the grandson of					Pedro, king,		of the Revolution at this epoch,
Catherine, who was					Maria,		which we continue till the departure
the daughter of the infant					Catherine,	Charles II, king of	of the family of Braganza for
Edward, the son						England.	Brazil, or, more properly speaking
of king Emmanuel.							till the battle of Veimera.
							The title of prince of Brazil was
							first confered on the presumptive
							heir to the crown during the reign
							of John IV.

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