Unexplored Spain

by Abel Chapman; Walter John Buck

A similar remark would almost hold good of the Jackdaw (Corvus monedula).

The Azure-winged Magpie (Cyanopica cooki) abounds in central Spain and in the Sierra Moréna. But its southern range stops dead at the little village of Coria del Rio just below Sevilla. ‘Tis but a few miles beyond, yet in Doñana we have never seen so much as a straggler. The Azure-wing does not straggle.

From Spain (as elsewhere stated) you must travel to China and Japan ere you see another azure-winged magpie.

Jays (Garrulus glandarius) in Spain confine themselves to mountain-forests, eschewing the lowland woods which in other lands form their home.

Index

[A], [B], [C], [D], [E], [F], [G], [H], [I], [J], [K], [L], [M], [N], [O], [P], [Q], [R], [S], [T], [V], [W], [Y], [Z]

Absenteeism, [12]
Accentor, alpine, [222], [316]
Africa, [29], [40], [41], [67], [91], [111], [112], [381], [383];
bird natives of, [272]
Africa, British East, [272], [295]
African bush-cuckoo, [400] n. 1
Agriculture, Moorish, [9-10];
Spanish, [11]
Alagon River, 232 and n. 1, [233], [295]
Albufera Lake, [321-4], [410]
Alfonso XII., [37], [190], [292]
Alfonso XIII., [19], [26], [31], [37], [72], [131], [140], [190], [206], [292], [336]
Algamita, Sierra of, [176]
Algeciras, [295]
Alimañas, [28], [42], [337-46]
Almanzór, Plaza de, [140], [213], [216], [217], [286]
Almonte, village of, [82] et seq.
Almoraima, [363]
Alpuxarras, the, [142], [302], [305]
Alquerías (Las Hurdes), [235], [236], [241]
America, flamingoes in, [273]
Anatidae, [40];
distribution of, in S. Spain, [136]
Andalucia, [2], [4], [10], [351], [393], [401], [402], [403];
bandits in, [175] et seq.;
big game of, [54] et seq.;
birds of, [40] et seq., [222], [393-5], [403]
Ant-lion (Myrmeleon), [36]
Arabs. See Moors
Arahal, Niño de, bandit, [176] et seq.
Armajo (samphire), [89-90], [91], [106], [114]
Asturias, the, [294] et seq.;
chamois in, [283-93]
Avila, [213], [219]
Avocet, [268], [385]
Badger, [337], [344], [345]
Bandits, [174] et seq.
Barbary stag, [43], [44]
Barbel, [298-9], [393]
Basques, the, [5]
Bear, [289], [298];
brown, [4], [29], [294]
Bear-hunting, [296-7]
Bee-eater, [41], [209], [211], [226], [393]
Bernicle goose, [191], [407]
Bewick’s swan, [375]
Bharal, [26]
Bidassoa River, [2]
Big game in Spain, [6], [28-9], [54] et seq., [148] n. 1, [303]
Bird-life on the marisma, [40-42], [91] et seq., [114] et seq., [138] n. 1, [265-71], [376], [381-91], [408], [409]
Bird-migration, [29], [40], [41-2], [91-2], [99] and n. 1, [103-4], [111], [376-80], [389-90], [401-3]
Blackbird, [223]
Black-chat, [222], [230], [319], [353] n. 1, [367]
Blackstart, [313], [318], [352], [362], [367]
Boar, wild, [29], [42], [47], [68-9], [70] et seq., [147], [161], [171], [191], [229], [238], [289], [353], [365-6], [396]
Boar-hunting, [70] et seq.
Boga, [299]
Bombita I., matador, [199]
Bombita II. (Ricardo Torres), [199], [205]
Bonaparte, Joseph, [196-7]
Bonelli’s eagle, [28], [289], [355], [362], [366], [394-5]
Bonelli’s Warbler, [232], [318], [393]
Bonito, [300]
Brambling, [62]
Breeding-places of flamingoes, [265-71]
Bull, the Spanish fighting, breeding and training of, [200-204];
breeds of, [88], [204], [208]
Bull-fight, the Spanish, [8], [15], [192-9]
Bull-fighters, famous, [195-9]
Bull-frog, [392]
Bustard, [212], [226], [227], [232];
great, [4], [11], [24], [29], [119], [209], [242-64];
lesser (Otis tetrax), [29], [262-4], [328], [392]
Bustard-shooting, [244] et seq.
Butterflies, [62], [313]
Lycaena telicanus, [62]
Megaera, [62]
Thaïs polyxena, [62], [394]
Vanessa polychloros, [394]
Buzzard, [228], [342], [397]
Cabrestos, [371-3], [379]
Caceres, province, [228] n. 1
Caciquismo, [175], [180-81], [240]
Cactus (prickly-pear), [9]
Caldereria, [324-7]
Camels, wild, on the marisma, [36], [40], [275-82]
Cantabria, [4], [28], [29], [298];
mountains of, [286]
Cape de Verde Islands, [266], [271] n. 1
Capercaillie, [4], [29], [294], [298]
Cares River, [284], [296]
Castile, [5], [29]
Catalonia, 5 and n. 1
Cavestany, Sr. D. A., Spanish poet laureate, [164]
Central Asia, wild camels in, [276]
Cervantes, [183]
Cetti’s warbler, [61], [393]
Chaffinch, [164], [319]
Chameleon, [394]
Chamois, [4], [29];
in the Asturias, [283-93], [294];
preservation of, [142]
Chamois-shooting, [286] et seq.
Chapman, Mr. F., [273]
Chapman, Mr. J. Crawhall, [280]
Charles V., Emperor, [194]
Chough, [222], [309], [319], [353], [355], [358], [366], [367]
Ciguela River, [185]
Cinco Lagunas, Las, [141], [215]
Cirl-bunting, [319], [348]
Cistus (Helianthemum), [37], [50], [62]
Climate of Spain, effects of, [2-4]
Coot, [186], [188], [207], [326], [384], [387], [388], [399];
crested, [399]
Cormorant, [186]
Corros, [376-80]
Cortez, [231]
Corvidae, [401]
Corvus cornix, [401] n. 1
Costillares, bull-fighter, [196]
Coto Doñana, [30] et seq., [58], [59], [74], [78], [89], [122], [332], [343], [402], [404];
fauna of, [38] et seq.
Crag-martin, [319], [366], [367], [368]
Crake, [39]
Crane, [40], [392]
Crossbill, [351];
migrations of, [401-3]
Cuckoo, [313], [393];
great spotted, [41], [400-401]
Curlew, [403];
slender-billed, [392], [403-4];
stone-, [227], [232], [343]
Cushat, [396]
Daimiel, lagoons of, [185-91], [324], [409], [410];
town of, [191]
Dampier, [266], [271] n. 1
Dartford Warbler, [61], [223], 3[53] n. 1
Date-palm, [4]
Deer, [94], [148], [161], [171], [333], [343];
fallow, [28], 148 and n. 1, 228 and n. 1;
red, [42] et seq., [147], [155-6], 158 and n. 1, [228], [238],; tables, [170-3];
roe-, [165], [229], [298], [353], [363]
Deer-shooting (“driving”), [44], [156] et seq.
Deer-stalking, [44] et seq., [60]
Despeñaperros, [149]
Deva River, [284], [296]
Dipper, [211], [319]
Diving ducks, [101], [112], [138] n. 1, [324]
Don Quixote, country of, [183], [228]
Dormice, [396]
Dove, [209], [226], [393], [396];
turtle, [212], [331]
“Driving” (see also Monteria), [44], [47] et seq., [59] et seq., [115], [116-22], [248-55], [286] et seq., [338-40], [360-62]
Duck, [40], [41], [95], [96], [99], [102], [186-90], [322], [324] et seq., [375] n. 1, [383], [388], [403];
habits of, [106], [110-11], [187];
ferruginous, [101], [186], [190], [409];
marbled, [101], [112], [135], [383], [389], [409];
tufted, [101], [138] n. 1, [186], [410];
white-faced, [384], [386-7], [410]
Duck-hawk, [102], [186]
Duck-shooting, [108], [187-90]
Dunlin, [63] n. 1
Dwarf-juniper, [315]
Eagle, [38], [222], [228], [333], [334], [342], [363];
Bonelli’s, [28], [289], [355], [362], [366], [394-5];
booted, [396];
golden, [28], [153], [156], [317], [353-5], [362];
imperial, [28], [258-9], [396-7];
spotted, [398];
white-tailed or sea-, [397-8]
Eagle-owl, [343], [368], [370], [395]
Egret, [186], [382], [385], [392]
Espinosa, Pedro, [37]
Estepa, [175] n. [1].
Estremadura, [80], [225-33];
climate of, [230];
fauna of, [29], [43], [226], [228]
Falcon, [334];
peregrine, [135], [317], [398]
Fantail warbler, [61]
Ferdinand VII., [195], [197]
Firecrest, [352]
Flamingo, 25 and n. 1, [40], [94-5], [100-101], [134], [186], [191], [327], [382], [383];
breeding-places of, [265-74];
Phoenicopterus minor, [272] n. 1;
Phoenicopterus ruber, [273]
“Flighting,” [122-4], [136]
Fly-catcher, [41];
pied, [232], [319];
spotted, [232]
Foumart, [341]
Fowling, Spanish modes of, [371-5], [379]
Fox, [46], [60], [129], [226], [277], [317], [333], [334], [337] et seq.
Francolin, [321]
Frascuelo, bull-fighter, [197-8]
Fuen-Caliente, [142], [149-50], [171]
Gadwall, [101], [111], [384], [409]
Gaëtanes, [2]
Galicia, [4]
Game preservation in Spain, [335-6]
Garganey, [112], [190], [384], [409]
Gecko, lobe-footed, [394]
Genet, [171], [334], [337], [395]
Gibraltar, [355]
Godoy, [196]
Godwit, [42], [63] n. 1, [134], [392], [403],;
bartailed, [389];
black-tailed, [390]
Goose, bean, [407];
bernicle, [191], [407];
black (Ganzos negros), [186];
greylag, [31], [32-3], [92], [95], [102], [114] et seq., [120], [125], [127], [191], [373], [375] n. 1, [407-8];
pink-footed, [407]
Goths, the, [229], [231]
Granada, [10], [301]
Granadilla, 232 and n. 1, [233]
Grasshopper (Cigarras panzonas), [259]
Grebe, [186], [190];
eared, [387]
Grédos, Circo de, chief features of, [141], [213-15]
Greenshank, [390]
Griffon. See under Vulture
Guadalete, battle of, [7], [229]
Guadalquivir River, [30], [35], [299], [374], [391],

[411];
marismas of, [88] et seq., [114], [190], [265], [408], [409]
Guadiana River, [185]
Guerra, Rafael, bull-fighter, [198]
Gull, [41], [186], [384];
black-backed, [107];
British black-headed (L. ridibundus), [391];
Mediterranean black-headed (Larus melanocephalus), [268], [390-91]
slender-billed (Larus gelastes), [268]
Gum-cistus (see also Cistus), [160], [225], [235]
Hare, [226], [238], [328], [330], [331], [334]
Hawfinch, [61], [362]
Hawk, [333]
Hazel-grouse, [4], [29], [298]
Heron, [41], [186], [190], [382]
buff-backed, [385]
purple, [267], [388]
squacco, [389]
Hobby, [397]
Hoopoe, [41], [62], [184], [226], [230], [313], [319], [393]
Humming-bird hawk-moth, [62]
Hunting dogs, [159], [164], [328], [340]
Hurdanos, the, [5], [234] et seq.
Ibex, Spanish (Capra hispánica), [15], [26], [29], [43], [139-46], [149], [156], [210], [287], [303] et seq., [317], [321-2], [352], 360 and n. 1, [362];
distribution of, [142], [303], [305];
habits of, [144-6], [152], [153], [360];
heads, Table of, [157];
preservation of, [139-42]
Ibex-hunting, [216-24], [304] et seq.
Ibis, [41], [382]
glossy, [403]
Inns (posada), [18], [19] et seq.
Irrigation, neglect of, [12], [230]
Isabel I. (la Católica), [194]
Isabella II., [323]
James I., [321]
Janda, Laguna de, [375] n. 1
Jay, [164], [362], [411]
Jerez, [347], [392], [401], [403]
Kestrel, [164], [212], [226], [230], [319], [396]
lesser, [355], [395]
Kite, [211], [333], [334], [342], [396]
red, [397]
Kitty-wren, [348]
Knot, [42], [63] n. 1, [389]
Lagartijo, bull-fighter, [197-8]
Laguna de Grédos, [219], [220]
La Mancha, [183-91], [409], [410]
Lammergeyer, [26-7], [149], [217-8], [314-5], [353], [357], [358-9], [360], [362], [367], [368]
Land-tortoise, [343]
Lanjarón, [306]
Lark, [41], [212], [226], [232]
Calandra, [209]
crested, [209], [319]
short-toed, [319]
sky-, [312]
wood-, [313], [319], [348], [352], [353] n. 1, [367]
Las Hurdes, [5], [233] et seq.
Las Nuevas, [99] et seq., [280]
Lemming, [210] n. 1
León, [5];
Cortes de, [6]
Lilford, Lord, [265]
Linnet, [319]
Lizard, [333], [334], [355]
Blanus cinereus, [393]
Locusts, [226], [227]
Lugar Nuevo, [172]
Lynx, [33], [46], [60], [68], [76-7], [155], [171], [317], [333], [334], [337] et seq., [398]
Madoz, Pascual, on the Hurdanos, 239 and n. 1, [240], [241]
Magpie, [226], [232], [333], [401], [411]
Spanish azure-winged, [29], [164], [184], [209], [225], [226], [411]
Mallard, [186], [188], [190], [326], [327], [384], [389], [392], [409]
Manzanilla (camomile), [111]
Maria, José, bandit, [174], [181]
Marisma, the, [35-6], [88] et seq., [190];
bird-life in, [40-42], [91] et seq., [114] et seq., [138] n. 1, [265-71], [376], [381-91], [408], [409];
plant-life in, [89-90], [115];
wild camels on, [36], [40], [275-82];
wildfowl shooting in, [95] et seq., [105-13], [115] et seq., [371-75]
Marmot, [210] n. 1
Marsh-harrier, [38], [102], [107], [135], [387], [388], [392], [399]
Marsh-tern, [384]
Marten, [171], [317], [319]
Martin, [355]
Mazzantini, Luis, bull-fighter, [198-9]
Merida, [229], [230]
Mezquitillas, [167], [170], [171]
Migration of wildfowl. See Bird-migration
Missel-thrush, [212], [318]
“Miura question,” [192], [204-7]
Mole-cricket, [392]
Monachil River, [314], [316], [317], [318], [319]
valley, [311]
Mongoose, [163], [171], [333], [334], [337], [339], [341], [344], [364]
Montería, [157], [158] et seq., [283], [296]
Montes, Francisco, bull-fighter, [197]
Moorish domination, traces of, [7] et seq., [37], [232-3], [295]
origin of bull-fight, [8], [193-4]
Moors, the, [149], [229]
Mosquito, [62]
Mudéla, estate, [335]
Mulahacen, [312], [315]
Mullet, grey, [299]
Naranjo de Bulnes, [291-2]
National characteristics, [5], [12] et seq., [19]
types, [4-5]
Navarre, [6]
Neophron, [319], [366], [368], [395]
Nightingale, [232], [318], [393]
Nightjar, [41], [396]
Nucléo central, [140]
Nuthatch, [223], [232]
Oleander, [160], 166 and n. 1
Orange, cultivation of, [9]
Oriole, [393]
golden, [41], [232]
Orphean warbler, [393], [396]
Ortolan, [319]
Osprey, [191]
Otter, [337]
Ovis bidens, [352-3]
Owl, [396]
little, [319]
white, [230]
Paris, Comtes de, [278-9]
Partridge, [15], [30], [32], [164], [226], [238], [331], [332-3], [335-6], [362], [363], [398]
grey, [28], [298]
redleg, [15], [29], [184], [319], [328], [329]
Peewit, [267]
Pelayo, [7]
Pelican, Danish, [276]
Peñones, the, [314], [315]
Pepe-Illo, bull-fighter, [196]
Peregrine falcon, [135], [317], [398]
Perez, Gregorio, [292], [293]
Pernales, bandit, [174] et seq.
Petroleum, [347] n. 1
Phillip II., [195]
Phillip III., [195], [323]
Phillip IV., [37], [195]
Phillip V., [195]
Pica mauretanica, [401] n. 1
Picos de Europa, [142], [144], [283], [285], [292], [302]
Pig, [298], [363]
Pilgrimages to Rocio, [82] et seq.
“Pincushion” gorse, [314], [352]
Pine (Pinus pinaster), [319], [361]
Pinsapo pine (Abies pinsapo), [349-52] and notes, [360], [362]
Pintail, [94], [97], [101], [110], [111], [186], [188], [326], [408], [409]
“Piorno” (Spartius scorpius), [352]
Pipit, alpine, [222]
tawny, [319], [353] n. 1, [367]
Pius V., Pope, [194]
Pizarro, [231]
Plant-life in the marisma, [89-90], [115]
Plover, golden, [63] n. 1, [331]
grey, [42], [134], [389]
Kentish, [267], [382]
Pochard, [101], [138] n. 1, [186], [188], [324], [327], [384], [410]
red-crested (Pato colorado), [186], [188], [190], [327], [410]
white-eyed, [138] n. 1, [384]
Polyglotta warbler, [393]
Pratincole, [268], 382 and n. 1
Praying mantis, [394]
Préjavalsky, Russian explorer, [276]
Ptarmigan, [4], [29], [298]
Pterostichus rutilans, [314]
Puerta de Palomas, [367-70]
Puntales del Peco, [167]
Pyrenean musk-rat, [29]
Pyrenees, [28], [29], [298], [302];
ibex in, [142], [143-4]
Quail, [29], [328], [330]
Rabbit, [330], [338], [341]
Rail, [39]
“Rare birds,” [403], [404]
Raven, [209], [222], [309], [319], [366], [395]
Reclamo (call-bird), [328-9]
Redondo, José, bull-fighter, [197]
Redshank, [267], [268], [379]
Redstart, [223]
Redwing, [164], [362]
Reed-climbers, [39], [61]
Ribbon-grass (canaliza), [115]
Rice-grounds, [322], [323], [324-5]
Ring-dotterel, [390]
lesser, [393]
Ring-ouzel, [222], [309], [316], [353] n. 1
Ring-plover, [238]
Riscos del Fraile, [141], [211], [214], [221]
Robin, [232], [318]
Rocio, shrine at, pilgrimages to, [82] et seq.
Rock-bunting, [313], [319], [348], [367]
Rock-climbing, [144]
Rock-sparrow, [319], [355]
Rock-thrush, [222], [313], [318], [353] n. 1, [366], [367], [368]
blue, [230], [365]
Roderick, King of the Goths, [7]
Roe-deer, [165], [229], [298], [353], [363]
Roller, [226], [393]
Romans, the, in Spain, [6], [229], [232]
Romero, Francisco, bull-fighter, [195]
Romero, Pedro, bull-fighter, [196]
Ronda, Caceria á la, [80-1]
Rook, [411]
Rota, [299]
Rudolph, late Crown Prince of Austria, [266]
Ruff, [63] n. 1, [134]
Rufous warbler, [232], [318], [393]
Salmon, [295-6]
San Cristobal, [347], [349], [351], [352], [353]
Sanderling, [390]
Sand-grouse, [4], [29], [186], [209], [227], [382], [401];
black-bellied, [232]
Sand-hills and wild geese, [125-32]
Sand-lizard, 62 and n. 1
Sand-piper, [211], [389]
curlew, [42], [389]
green, [390], [392]
Sardinian warbler, [164], [393]
Saunders, Howard, [265], [403]
Schastowskij, Mr. P. A., [404]
Sedge-warbler, great, [387]
Serin, [311], [313], [319], [348], [393]
Serpent-eagle, [209], [396]
Serranía de Ronda, [2], [267], [347-59], [360] et seq.;
flora of, [348] et seq., [360], [361];
ibex in, [142]
Shad, [299]
Shelduck, [101], [112], [191], [327],

[410]
ruddy, [410]
Shoveler, [97], [101], [111], [112], [186], [188], [327], [403], [409]
Shrike, great grey (Lanius meridionalis), [62], [63] n. 2, [212], [393]
Lanius excubitor, [63] n. 2
Siberia, [404]
Sierra Bermeja, [349], [360-63]
Sierra de Gata, [227], [235]
Sierra de Grédos, [140], [208] et seq., [302];
ibex in, [142], [145], [210] et seq., [352]
Sierra de Guadalupe, 227 and n. 1
Sierra de Jerez, [363-7]
Sierra Moréna, [29], [411];
fauna of, [42], [142], [147] et seq.;
flora of, [160], [225]
Sierra Nevada, [301] et seq., [355];
birds of, [311-16]. [318-19];
ibex in, [142], [148-9], [303], [317]
Sierra de las Nieves, [349]
Sierra Quintana, [149-53], [171]
Silk manufacture, Moorish, [9-10]
Small-game shooting, [328-36]
Snake, [334]
coluber, [393]
Snipe, [327], [330], [331], [392]
Snow-finch, [316], [318]
Soldier-ants, [61]
Spear-grass, [90], [92], [95], [115]
Spectacled warbler, [232], [396]
Sphinx moth (S. convolvuli), [62]
Spoonbill, [327], [383]
“Still-hunting,” [54] et seq., [60]
Stilt, [190], [267], [268], [385], [392], [403]
Stint, little, [390]
Stonechat, [209], [211], [319]
Stone-curlew, [227], [232], [343]
Stork, [40], [230], [392]
Subalpine warbler, [232], [396]
Sugar-cane, [4], [9]
Swan, wild, [375]; Bewick’s, ib.
Swift, alpine, [355]
Tagus River, [228] n. 1;
valley of, [210]
Tarifa, [300]
Tarik, Arab chief, [7]
Tato, El, bull-fighter, [197]
Teal, [91], [97], [101], [111], [126], [134], [188], [327], [373], [399], [403], [409]
marbled, [186]
Tench, [295]
Tern, [41];
gull-billed (Sterna anglica), [268];
whiskered, [389]
Thistle, Spanish, [248], [262]
Thrush, [164], [223];
blue, [222], [313], [318], [319], [353] n. 1, [362], [367]
Tit, blue, [319], [352];
cole, [319], [352], [367];
great, [319];
long-tailed, [232], [348], [367]
Toledo, Montes de, [147], 148 and n. 1, [184], [227] n. 1
Tormes River, [221], [223]
Tree-creeper, [367]
Trout, [15-16], [294-5], [309], [317]
Trujillo, [227], [229], [230-31], [295]
Tumbler-pigeons, [126]
Tunny, [299-300]
Valdelagrana, [172]
Valencia, [2], [4], [187];
ibex in, [142];
wildfowl in, [321-7], [410]
Veleta, Picacho de la, [312] et seq.
Vetas, [88-9], [90], [115], [122]
Villarejo, [221]
Villaviciosa, Don Pedro Pidal, Marquis de, [292], [296]
Vivillo, El, bandit, [175] et seq., [181-2]
Vulture, [67], [228], 356 and n. 1, [362], [366], [367-8]
black, [221-2]
griffon, [163], [222], [315], [319], [359], [364], [367], [369], [370], [397]
Waders, [41], [382], [403]
Wagtail, grey, [318], [348], [410]
pied, [410]
white, [232], [237], [410]
yellow, [410-11]
Warblers. See under names
Water-hen, purple (Porphyrio), [388]
Water-shrew, [103], [166]
Wheatear, [41], [184], [211], [223], [312], [313], [318], [353] n. 1
black-throated, [318]
eared, [318]
Whimbrel, [390], [392], [403], [404]
Whitethroat, [232], [318]
Wigeon, [97], [101], [110], [111], [186], [188], [327], [380], [399], [409]
Wild-cat, [165], [167], [226], [317], [333], [334], [337] et seq.
Wildfowl at Daimiel, [186-91], [409], [410]
of marisma, [40-2], [91] et seq., [114] et seq., [381-91], [408], [409]
shooting, [95] et seq., [105-13], [115] et seq., [131-2], [254], [323-7], [371-5], [379]
in Valencia, [321] et seq.
Wild-thyme (Cantuéso), [225]
Willow-warbler, [232]
Wolf, [147], [154], [156], [164], [171], [229], [238], [289], [306], [317], [319], [334]
Woodchat, [41], [318], [393], [396]
Woodcock, [331]
Wood-pecker, [396]
great black, [298]
green, 68 and n. 2, [164], [232]
spotted, [367]
Wood-pigeon, [362], [367]
Wren, [282], [318]
Wryneck, [311]
Yna de la Garganta, [355-7]
Zamujar, [172]
Zaragoza, Cortes of, [6]