Sparrow-hawk (Gavilan).—Most numerous in winter, but some remain to breed.
Merlin (Esmerejon).—In winter only.
Lesser Kestrel (Primilla).—One of the commonest birds in spring and summer, nesting in swarms in the towns, on churches, &c., and on the ruined Moorish watch-towers.
Osprey (Aguila pescadora).—Frequently observed on Guadalquivir and other large rivers: breeds.
White Owl (Lechuza).—Abundant and resident.
Brown Owl.—Scarce in south: one shot in December.
Long-eared Owl (Bujo).—Rare in Andalucia: the young have been obtained near Granada. More plentiful in Castile and Biscay.
Short-eared Owl (Carabo).—In winter: often very numerous. While partridge-shooting on the plains, we have noticed five or six on wing at once. Asio capensis we have not met with.
Kingfisher (Martin pescador).—Most numerous in winter: especially so in Portugal.
Wryneck (Torce-cuello).—In wooded sierras—March.