Wounds. Deadly wounds are when a mans Arborist wanting skill, cut off armes, boughes or branches an inch, or (as I see sometimes) an handfull, or halfe a foot or more from the body: These so cut cannot couer in any time with sap, and therefore they die, and dying they perish the heart, and so the tree becomes hollow, and with such a deadly wound cannot liue long.
Remedy. The remedy is, if you find him before he be perished, cut him close, as in the [11. Chapter]: if he be hoald, cut him close, fill his wound, tho neuer so deepe, with morter well tempered & so close at the top his wound with a Seare-cloth doubled and nailed on, that no aire nor raine approach his wound. If he be not very old, and detaining, he will recouer, and the hole being closed, his wound within shall not hurt him for many yeeres.
Hurts on trees.
Ants, Earewigs, Caterpillars, and such like wormes. Hurts on your trees are chiefly Ants, Earewigs, and Caterpillars. Of Ants and Earewigs is said [Chap. 10]. Let there be no swarme of Pismires neere your tree-root, no not in your Orchard, turne them ouer in a frost, and powre in water, and you kill them.
For Caterpillars, the vigilant Fruterer shall soone espy their lodging by their web, or the decay of leaues eaten around about them. And being seene, they are easily destroyed with your hand, or rather (if your tree may spare it) take sprig and [all: ]for the red peckled butterfly doth euer put them, being her sparm, among the tender spraies for better feeding, especially in drought, and tread them vnder your feet. I like nothing of smoke among my trees. Vnnaturall heates are nothing good for naturall trees. This for diseases of particular trees.
Externall euils. Externall hurts are either things naturall or artificiall. Naturall things, externally hurting Orchards.
| 1 Beasts. | 1 Deere. | 2 Birds. | 1 Bulfinch. |
| 2 Goates. | 2 Thrush. | ||
| 3 Sheepe. | 3 Blackbird. | ||
| 4 Hare. | 4 Crow. | ||
| 5 Cony. | 5 Pye. | ||
| 6 Cattell. | |||
| 7 Horse. | &c. |
The other things are,
1 Winds.
2 Cold.
3 Trees.
4 Weeds.
5 Wormes.
6 Mowles.
7 Filth.
8 Poysonfull smoke.
Externall wilfull euils are these.
1 Walls.
2 Trenches.
3 Other works noisome done in or neere your Orchard.
4 Euill Neighbours.
5 A carelesse Master.
6 An vndiscreet, negligent or no keeper.
See you here an whole Army of mischeifes banded in troupes against the most fruitfull trees the earth beares? assailing your good labours. Good things haue most enemies.
Remedy. A skilfull Fructerer must put so his helping hand, and disband and put them to flight.