1 Alif
2 ba
3 ta
4 thsa
5 jim
6 hha
7 kha
8 dal
9 dsal
10 ra
11 za
12 sin
13 shin
14 sad
15 dad
16 ta
17 da
18 ain
19 gain
20 fa
21 kaf
22 kef
23 lem
24 mim
25 nun
26 waw
27 he
28 ya
29 lam-alif
ا
ب
ت
ث
ج
ح
خ
د
ذ
ر
ز
س
ش
ص
ض
ط
ظ
ع
غ
ف
ق
ك
ل
م
ن
و
ه
ي
1 Alif
2 ba
3 ta
4 tha
5 jim
6 hha
7 kha
8 dal
9 dth'al
10 ra
11 zain
12 ta
13 da
14 kef
15 lam
16 mim
17 nune
18 sad
19 dad
20 ain
21 g'rain
22 fa
23 kaf
24 sin
25 shin
26 hha
27 wow
28 ia
29 lam-alif
ا
ب
ت
ث
ج
ح
خ
د
ذ
ر
ز
ط
ظ
ێ
ل
م
ن
ص
ض
ع
غ
ڢ
ف
س
ش
ه
و
ي

Besides this difference of the arrangement of the two alphabets, the Arabic student will observe that there is also a difference in the punctuation of two of the letters: thus--

Oriental
Occidental
1 fa
2 kaf
ف
ق
1 fa
2 kaf
ڢ
ف

Among the Western Arabs, the ancient Arabic figures are used, viz. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9: they often write 100 thus, 1..--200, 2..

To explain the force of the synonymous letters on paper would be impossible; the reader, however, may form some idea of the indispensable necessity of knowing the distinction by the few words here selected, which to one unaccustomed to hear the Arabic language spoken, would appear similar and undistinguishable.

ENGLISH ARABIC
Rendered as near to European
pronunciation as the English
Alphabet will admit.
ARABIC

A horse
Wood
To repeat
Fish
A gun
A foolish woman
A frying pan
A lion
Morning
Seventh
Hatred
Harvest
Learning
A flag
Granulated paste
The dish it is made in
Heart
Dog
Mould
Captain
Feathers
Mud
Smell
Poison
Absent
Butter-milk
White
A black
Eggs
Afar off
A pig
An oath
Feed for horses
A thousand

Aoud
Awad
Aoud
Hout
Mokhalla
Mokeela
Makeela
Seban
Seban
Seban
Hassed
Hassed
Alem, or El Alem
El Alem
Kuscasoe
Kuscas
Kul'b
Kil'b
Kal'b
Rice
Rish
G'ris
Shim
Sim [206]
G'raib
Raib
Bead
El Abd
Baid
Baid
Helloof
Hellef
Alf
Elf