Third Expedition to Timbuctoo and Sudan.
Muley Ismael died of an abscess in 1727, and was succeeded by his youngest son Muley Hamed Dehebby, a most avaricious prince, whose treasure, collected in his government during the life of his father, amounted to ten millions; to which was now added his father's treasury, amounting to fifty millions, besides jewels and diamonds to a much larger amount.
Dehebby [318], sanguinary and cruel when sober, was mild, affable, and humane when intoxicated: unlike Muselmen, he believed not in predestination, but had always several surgeons and doctors in his suite, and consulted them with the most unlimited confidence when ill. He decorated the palace of Marocco: in one of the apartments of the seraglio, of which he had had painted, in a superior style, the twelve signs of the zodiac; for which his ignorant and bigoted subjects accused him of having conspired against the Deity, in imitating, by gross and ill-formed images, the works of the Almighty. This prince was an intolerable drunkard; so that the Marabets and chiefs of the empire called Abdelmelk to the throne, whom they enabled to take possession of Mequinas. This prince, anticipating the revenge of Dehebby, proposed to deprive him of his eye-sight; but the Marabets and chiefs opposed this resolution and replied to him in the following words:--"It is not for his crimes that we have deposed thy brother, but for his continual intoxication, which prevented him from watching over the government and his officers: he has therefore only been guilty of weakness, which is not a punishable crime." Abdelmelk dared not push his point, but was contented to send his brother to the (Bled Shereef), country of princes, i.e. Tafilelt. Before Dehebby was dethroned, he marched with a numerous army across Sahara, to Timbuctoo, of which he took possession, and brought home immense quantities of gold.
Footnote 318:[ (return) ] His proper name was Muley Hamed ben Ismael, the name Dehebby is figurative of his riches in gold.
1730.--Muley Hamed Dehebby dying, should have been succeeded by his son Muley Bouffer; but money and intrigue gave power to Abdallah, a son of Muley Ismael, who was proclaimed in spite of the efforts of his nephew, whom he attacked at Terodant, the capital of Suse. Bouffer was taken, together with a Marabet, his confidential friend and counsellor. Abdallah ordered them both to be brought before him.--"Thou art young," said he to his nephew; "thou hadst imprudently undertaken more than thou couldst accomplish; and in consideration of thy youth and inexperience, I pardon thee, but I will be revenged of thy counsellor." Then turning himself to the Marabet, "Thou, art a rebel," said he. "Didst thou imagine that thy sacred character, which thou hast abused against thy (Seed) Lord or King would prevent him from punishing thee? Let us see if thy sanctity will turn the edge of my sword."--In uttering these words, he struck off the saint's head.
I N D E X.
A.
ABDELMELK, the prince, moral reflection on his expensive apparel, [79.] Is sent to Tafilelt, [80.]
Abolition of Slavery depends on the Africans themselves, not on our naval force or operations, [270.]
Abstinence experienced in the Sahara, [353.] Means used to support it. Effects of, [354.]
Abbuselah Woled, Arabs of, [138.]
Abdrahaman ben Nassar, bashaw of Abda, interview with, [136.]
Abdsalam, prince, departs for Tafilelt, through Draha and Bled el jereed, [149.]
Abeed, [481.] Seedi Bukaree, emperor's body guard, [481.]
Aboukir, battle of, its consequence to muselmen, [101.]
Acephali, [198.]
Africa, plan for the discovery of, [201.]
African Association, Institution, &c. recommended to unite their energies and operations to cultivate a commercial intercourse with Africa, [228.] The same recommended an a large scale, [249.] African Company, a plan for, [251.] African Association, disastrous expeditions of, [258.] An union of the African interests beneficial, [271.] African duplicity exemplified, [293.] African Association might find the son of Ali Bey an acquisition in promoting their views, [304.]
African names, how pronounced, [491.]
Agadeer, or Santa Cruz, port of, opened to Dutch commerce, [55.] Apprehensions at Mogodor from the establishment of Santa Cruz, [56.] Conveniently situated for the markets of Sudan. Denominated the gate of Sudan, [56.] Port of, farmed by Muley Ismael, [57.] Author's arrival at, to open the port to European commerce. Wretched state of its inhabitants. Honourable reception of the author there, [59.] Disgraceful custom abolished by the author, [60.] Propensity to commerce among the people of Suse. Sanctuary at the entrance of the town. Privilege of riding in and out of the town established by the author, for Christians of all denominations, [61.] Commercial road made by the author down the mountain to facilitate the shipment of merchandise, [62.] The spirit of the natives in working at it. Happy influence of commerce and industry on the people. Portuguese tower in the neighbourhood, [63.] Description of the town, [64.] Strength of, and convenient situation for a depôt, [65.] Mitferes, depositaries for water, [65.] Attempt of the Danes to establish a colony in its vicinage, at Agadeer Arba. Battery at, [66.] Safe road for shipping. Inhabitants friendly to the English, [67.] Port of, shut by the Emperor, and the garrison and merchants ordered to go to Marocco, and from thence to quit the country or establish at Mogodor, [79.] Negociation for the port of, from the emperor, [246.]
Agricultural property, division of, [330.] Agriculture, [339.]
Aisawie, or charmers of serpents described, [430.]
Ait Attar, or Attarites, an independent kabyl or clan, [311.]
Akka, [7.] Depôt for camels, [248.]
Akkaba, kaffilas, or caravans to Timbuctoo, where eligible to be established, [263.]
Akkaba, what, [345.]
Akkad, its signification, [411.]
Alk Sudan, what, [345.]
Altitude of the Atlas mountains, [93], [94.]
Ali Bey, an account of; [297.] Suspicions entertained respecting him. His magnificent mode of living. Excites the suspicion of the governor of Marocco, [300.] He is prevented from visiting the Atlas mountains, [301.] He is favoured by the emperor, [302.] Stratagem practised to ascertain what religion he followed. Ordered to embark at Laraich. Is separated from his wife. Her conduct. He predicts an eclipse, [303.] Passes for a learned man. Suspected to be an agent of Bonaparte. His son resides at Fas, patronised by the Marabet Muley Dris or Idris, [304.]
Algiers, attack of, recommended to the Emperor of Marocco, [283.]
Almonds, plantations of, [74.]
Ambassador, British, the author's interview with. Great honor shown to him on his entry into Tangier, [127.]
Amber, manufactured imitation of, at Fas, [126,] [216.]
Amaranites, or Ait Amaran, a tribe of Berebbers, [124.]
Amak, the poet, his sumptuous style of living, [353.]
Amorites, of the, [475.]
------, or Ait Amor, [122.] Descendants of the ancient Amorites, [124.] Anecdotes of, [193.]
Amusements of Europeans at Marocco, [89.]
Anachronism of the author misapplied, [442.]
Angola, natives of, how converted to Christianity, [442.]
Anti-commercial system, [211.]
Antiperistasis of the Africans, how promoted, [230.]
Antimony mines, [331.]
Anecdote of an Emperor, [307.]
Anecdotes, fragments, and notes, [276.]
Antithesis, a favourite figure with the Arabs, [349.]
Apparel of the emperor, plain and simple, [79.]
Arabs, cookery of, [64.] Riches of, in what they consist, [247.] Dance and music, [140.] Abstinence of, [141.] Beauty of their women, [142.] Patriarchal life of, [143,] [196.] Arab royalty personified, [195.] Customs of, [244.] Of Sahara, hostile to those who do not understand their language, [262.] The manners of, resemble those of the patriarchal ages, [276.]. The study of their language and customs the best comment on the Old Testament, [276.] Their territory and origin, [328.] Decay of science and arts among, [352.]
------, sheiks of, hold themselves accountable for the property, baggage, &c. of travellers, [233.]
Arabic document distributed by Mr. Bowdich in Africa, to the natives, unintelligible, [492.]
------ language, on the,[471.] The language of Palestine resembles that of West Barbary, [473.]
----------, general utility of, a practical knowledge of in Africa, [258.] On the language, [357.] Arabian music, [318.] Arabic grammar, errors in Richardson's, [351.] Pure Arabic, where spoken, [351.] Arabian modes of writing, [350.] Errors committed by professors of, who have not a practical knowledge of the language, [39.]
----------, universality of the, [473.]
------ translations of documents in, furnished to government by the author, [407.]
------ manuscripts, 3000 taken by the Spaniards, [520.]
------ interpreter, the author officiates as, with the prince Muley Teib, [192.]
Architecture described, [90.] Gothic prevails, [271.]
Argan tree, and oil of, [510.]
------ trees, oil of the, productive of leprosy if not properly prepared, [91.]
Ashantee, intercourse through, with Timbuctoo objectionable, and why, [249.]
Atlas, foot of, a productive country, [74.]. Table land in, and produce of, [75.] Narrow defile or pass, [76.] Calculated altitude of, [93.].
Attarites, or Ait Attar, a tribe of Berebbers, [124.]
Audiences of the emperor, introductory, of business, of leave or departure, [89.]
Author's intelligence respecting the interior of Africa, considered valuable, [99.]
------ travels in disguise, [136.]
Azamore, [110.]