21. dē hīs: cf. dē hīs, Bk. I, 11.
Page 28.
1. Sardiniēnsēs: when a revolt occurred in Sardinia, Rome took advantage of the exhausted condition of Carthage, and demanded the surrender of the island and an additional indemnity of 1200 talents ($1,500,000). Corsica was obtained in a similar manner. This was the beginning of the Roman provincial system. Each province was governed by a praetor and paid taxes to the Roman people. Rome and Carthage, p. 102; Creighton, p. 39.
3. impellentēs: nominative agreeing with Karthāginiēnsēs and governing Sardiniēnsēs.
Ch. 3.
7. nūllum bellum habuērunt: at Rome there was the so-called Temple of Janus, the gates of which were open in time of war and closed in time of peace. The gates were closed only three times from the building of the temple by Numa to Augustus, viz. by T. Manlius, 235 B.C., and by Augustus in 29 and 25 B.C.
8. semel tantum: ‘only once.’
Numā Pompiliō rēgnante: cf. conditā cīvitāte, Bk. I, 2.
Ch. 4.
10. Īllyriōs: the Illyrians lived on the eastern side of the Adriatic Sea. They were a nation of pirates, and made the whole Adriatic and Ionian seas unsafe for commerce. Even the towns on the coast were not safe from their ravages. The Romans sent a force against them and compelled them to give up their conquests and to make peace.