2. variīs suppliciīs: probably the Romans exaggerated the cruelty and treachery of Hannibal.
3. ānulōrum: these rings were the distinctive badges of the knights and senators.
7. duōbus Scīpiōnibus: P. Cornelius and Gnaeus, the father and uncle of P. Scipio Africanus. For the campaign in Spain see Rome and Carthage, p. 183.
Ch. 12.
12. annō quartō postquam: H. 486 (429); M. 243, 1; A. & G. 256; G. 393; B. 223; cf. aliquot annīs post, Ch. 6.
13. Mārcellus: see note on M. Claudiō Mārcellō, Ch. 6.
cīvitātem ＝ urbem; cf. conditā cīvitāte, Bk. I, 2.
16. rēx Macedoniae Philippus: although Philip promised aid, he never gave it. Owing to his frequent struggles with the states of Greece, and the invasion of Macedonia by the Romans, he was compelled to devote his undivided attention to preserving his realm.
21. prōcōnsulem: ‘ex-consul’; at the expiration of his term of office the consul was given a province to govern, under the title of proconsul.
22. ea: the antecedent is Sardinia.