From 1800-1852.

The speculative thought has exhibited four distinct forms. (p. [290].)

(1) The ideology of De Tracy, in the early part of the century. (2) The theological school of De Maistre, &c. to re-establish the dogmatic authority of the Romish church. (3) Socialist philosophy, St. Simon, Fourier, Comte. (4) The Eclectic school (Cousin, &c.)

Remarks on the first school.—The recovery of French philosophy and thought from the ideas of this school, partly due to the literary tone of Chateaubriand. (pp. [290], [291].)

Influence of the Revolution of 1830 in giving a stimulus to thought. (p. [291].)

Remarks on the third school.—Explanation of socialism as taught by St. Simon (pp. [292], [293]); as taught by Fourier (pp. [293], [294]); and difference from English socialism. (p. [294].)

Positivism, both as an offshoot of the last school, and in itself as a religion and a philosophy. (pp. [295], [296].)

Remarks on the fourth school.—Eclecticism as taught by Cousin, viewed as a philosophy and a religion. (pp. [297-299].)

Remarks on the second school; viewed as an attempt to refute the preceding schools. (p. [300].)

From 1852-1862.