Witan or Wites, (i. e. wisemen,) were the magistrates and lawyers. Burghwitten signified the magistrates of cities. Some shires (or counties) are mentioned before king Alfred; and Asserius speaks of earls (or counts) of Somerset, and Devonshire, in the reign of Ethelwolph. But Alfred first divided the whole kingdom into shires, the shires into tithings, lathes, or wapentacks, the tithings into hundreds, and the hundreds into tenths. Each division had a court subordinate to those that were superior, the highest in each shire being the shire-gemot, or folck-mote, which was held twice a year, and in which the bishop or his deputy, and the ealderman, or his viceregent, the sheriff, presided. See Seldon on the Titles of Honor; Speman's Glossary, ad. noviss. Squires on the Government of the English Saxons. Dr. William Howel, in his learned General History, t. 5, p. 273, &c. N.B. The titles of earls and hersen were first given by Ifwar Widfame, king of Sweden, to two ministers of state in 824; on which see many remarks of Olof Delin, in his excellent new history of Sweden, c. 5, t. {}, p. {}34.
{487}
Only Complete and Unabridged Edition with nearly 100 pages of Chronological and General Index, Alphabetical and Centenary Table, etc.
THE
LIVES
THE FATHERS, MARTYRS,
AND OTHER
PRINCIPAL SAINTS;
COMPILED FROM
ORIGINAL MONUMENTS, AND OTHER AUTHENTIC RECORDS;
ILLUSTRATED WITH THE
REMARKS OF JUDICIOUS MODERN CRITICS AND HISTORIANS
BY THE REV. ALBAN BUTLER
With the approbation of
MOST REV. M.A. CORRIGAN, D.D.,
Archbishop of New York.
VOL. III.
NEW YORK: P.J. KENEDY, PUBLISHER TO THE HOLY SEE, EXCELSIOR CATHOLIC PUBLISHING HOUSE, 5 BARCLAY STREET. 1903
{488 blank page} {489} CONTENTS
MARCH. 1. PAGE ST. DAVID, Archbishop, Patron of Wales………. 491 St. Swidbert, or Swibert, the ancient, Bishop and Confessor…………………………… 493 St. Albinus, Bishop of Angers, Confessor…….. 494 St. Monan, Martyr…………………………. 495
2.
Martyrs under the Lombards…………………. 496
St. Ceada, or Chad, Bishop and Confessor…….. 497
St. Simplicius, Pope and Confessor………….. 498
St. Marnan, Bishop and Confessor……………. 499
St. Charles the Good, Earl of Flanders, Martyr.. 500
St. Joavan, or Joevin, Bishop and Confessor….. 501
3.
St. Cunegundes, Empress……………………. 501
SS. Marinus and Asterius, or Astyrius, Martyrs.. 503
SS. Emeterius and Chelidonius, Martyrs………. 503
St. Winwaloe, or Winwaloc, Abbot……………. 504
St. Lamalisse, Confessor…………………… 506