[575]. 10. 1258a33 ff., τῆς ὑπερετικῆς, impossible for the economist, but true, for the moralist; cf. p. [69] for his distinction (1254a1 ff.) between ὄργανα ποιητικά and κτῆμα πρακτικόν.
[576]. i. 2.; on both the above, cf. Newman, op. cit., in loc.
[577]. Cf. especially 1258a34 ff.: μάλιστα δὲ, καθάπερ εἴρεται πρότερον, δεῖ φύσει τοῦτο ὑπάρχειν. Cf. Susemihi and Hicks, Pol. of Ar., I (1894), Intro., p. 30.
[578]. 1256a40 ff., αὐτόφυτος, “self-existent,” with ἔργασία, as here, equals αὐτουργία, “agriculture.”
[579]. 1258b9-27.
[580]. Op. cit., pp. 96, 98 f., n. 1; cf. Haney, op. cit., p. 47; Kautz, op. cit., p.138; Ingram, op. cit., p. 18. The physiocrats thought that commerce and industry increased the value of raw materials only enough to pay for labor and capital expended. Commerce was an expensive necessity, a tax on agriculture. For a good summary, cf. Haney, pp. 138 ff. Quesnay (Tableau Econ. [1776]) followed Xenophon (Econ. v. 17) as his motto. But the motive of the physiocrats was economic, not moral and political, as was that of Aristotle.
[581]. Pol. 1258b21 ff.; probably implied also in 1256a40 ff.; but cf. vi (iv). 4. 1291a1 ff., where the mechanic and hired laborer are counted among the necessary parts of the state.
[582]. 1256 ff.; 1256b23 f. To him, production is a branch of acquisition. Cf. p. [28], on Plato’s use of the terms.
[583]. 1258a19-38; 1254a7, cited on p. [88], n. 10.
[584]. Op. cit., pp. 358, 375 f.