20. He which testifieth these things. The Lord Jesus; for he it was that had, through the instrumentality of the angel, borne this solemn witness to the truth of these things, and this book was to be regarded as his revelation to mankind. See Notes on [ch. i. 1]; [xxii. 16]. He here speaks of himself, and vouches for the truth and reality of these things by saying that he “testifies” of them, or bears witness to them. Comp. Jn. xviii. 37. The fact that Jesus himself vouches for the truth of what is here revealed, shows the propriety of what John had said in the previous verses about adding to it, or taking from it. ¶ Saith, Surely I come quickly. That is, the development of these events will soon begin—though their consummation may extend into far distant ages, or into eternity. See Notes on [ch. i. 1], [3]; [xxii. 7], [10]. ¶ Amen. A word of solemn affirmation or assent. See Notes on Mat. vi. 13. Here it is to be regarded as the expression of John, signifying his solemn and cheerful assent to what the Saviour had said, that hewould come quickly. It is the utterance of a strong desire that it might be so. He longed for his appearing. ¶ Even so. These, too, are the words of John, and are a response to what the Saviour had just said. In the original, it is a response in the same language which the Saviour had used, and the beauty of the passage is marred by the translation “Even so.” The original is, “He which testifieth to these things saith, Yea—ναὶ—I come quickly. Amen. Yea—ναὶ—come, Lord Jesus.” It is the utterance of desire in the precise language which the Saviour had used—heart responding to heart. ¶ Come, Lord Jesus. That is, as here intended, “Come in the manner and for the objects referred to in this book.” The language, however, is expressive of the feeling of piety in a more extended sense, and may be used to denote a desire that the Lord Jesus would come in any and every manner; that he would come to impart to us the tokens of his presence; that he would come to bless his truth and to revive his work in the churches; that he would come to convert sinners, and to build up his people in holiness; that he would come to sustain us in affliction, and to defend us in temptation; that he would come to put a period to idolatry, superstition, and error, and to extend the knowledge of his truth in the world; that he would come to set up his kingdom on the earth, and to rule in the hearts of men; that he would come to receive us to his presence, and to gather his redeemed people into his everlasting kingdom. It was appropriate to the aged John, suffering exile in a lonely island, to pray that the Lord Jesus would speedily come to take him to himself; and there could have been no more suitable close of this marvellous book than the utterance of such a desire. And it is appropriate for us as we finish its contemplation, disclosing so much of the glories of the heavenly world, and the blessedness of the redeemed in their final state, when we think of the earth, with its sorrows, trials, and cares, to respond to the prayer, and to say, “Come, Lord Jesus, come quickly.” For that glorious coming of the Son of God, when he shall gather his redeemed people to himself, may all who read these Notes be finally prepared. Amen.

21 The[702] grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen.

21. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen. The usual benediction of the sacred writers. See Notes on Ro. xvi. 20.

GLASGOW: W. G. BLACKIE AND CO., PRINTERS, VILLAFIELD.

Footnotes.

[1] – “The Apocalypse of St. John, or Prophecy of the Rise, Progress, and Fall of the Church of Rome; the Inquisition; the Revolution in France; a Universal War, and the final triumph of Christianity: being a new interpretation, by the Rev. George Croly, A.M., H.R.S.L.”
[2] –P. 192.
[3] – Moses Stuart.
[4] – See Supplementary Notes on Heb. vii.
[5] – Author’s Preface, p. vi.
[6] – Stuart on Apocalypse, p. 170, Edinburgh, 1847.
[7] – This view of the great philologist has deservedly met with indignant censure, both in this country and in America. “We confess,” says Dr. Beecher of Boston, “that this whole effort to force Nero into chap. xvii. as the wounded beast, savours too much of that German infidelity that regards John as little better than a soothsayer himself, and does not hesitate to affirm that he believes the rumours concerning Nero. Professor Stuart of course abandons this ground, and yet he avers that John spoke as if he believed it. This theory is perfectly consistent in the hands of one who denies the inspiration of John, but it cannot be so grafted on the tree of true Christian interpretation as to appear like one of its true and genuine branches” (Bib. Repos., 1847, p. 296). So also Elliott with still greater severity, vol. iv. p. 548.
[8] – “The first of these two counter schemes is the Preterists’, which would have the prophecy stop altogether short of the Popedom, explaining it of the catastrophes, one or both, of the Jewish nation and Pagan Rome; the second, the Futurists’, which would have it all shoot over the head of the Popedom into times yet future” (Elliott, iv. 529). The first of these schemes originated with the Jesuit Alcassarin A.D. 1614; the other with the Jesuit Riberain A.D. 1585; and it is not a little remarkable, that both originated in the necessities of the Papal cause, oppressed by Protestant interpreters.
[9] –Hierophant, p. 242.
[10] – Compare Stuart on Apocalypse, Excursus v., with Davidson’s Introduction, vol. iii. pp. 513, 514. Dr. D. justly complains in his preface of being charged by Mr. Elliott with the sin of copying Stuart. Besides the difference mentioned above, there is between the two a difference in regard to the entire scheme of interpretation, Dr. D. condemning the Preterist scheme, of which Professor Stuart is perhaps the ablest supporter. The theory which the latter has put forth on the witnesses meets with unequivocal condemnation in the pages of the former. Dr. D. himself, in the meantime, seems to have no scheme of interpretation. After remarking on the Preterist, Continuous, and Futurist scheme, he says very candidly, “we feel disinclined to support any of the rival hypotheses till they be better supported” (vol. iii. p. 627).
[11] –Introduction to the New Testament, by Samuel Davidson, D.D., vol. iii. p. 513.
[12] – Elliott, iv. 419.
[13] – Harduin, ix. 1808; in Elliott, ii. p. 83.
[14] –P. 424, et seq.
[15] –Hierophant, p. 245.
[16] – Reply to Cunninghame.
[17] –Gen. xl., xli.
[18] – Davidson’s Introduction, vol. iii. p. 520.
[19] –P. 343.
[20] –Commentary on Apocalypse, p. 790, Edinburgh, 1848; where also are cited the following passages expressly from the prophetic books: Ezek. xxix. 11, 12; Jonah iii. 4; Isa. vii. 8; xvi. 4; Jer. xxvii., xxix.
[21] – Stuart’s Apocalypse, p. 791.
[22] –Dan. x. 2, 3.
[23] –Hierophant, p. 252.
[24] – Elliott, however, refuses to except the “seven times” specified in Nebuchadnezzar’s vision from the category of chronological prophecies to which the Year-day principle is to be applied. He regards the monarch as the mystical representative of the Assyrian empire, and Babylon, governed by him. “For my own part,” says he, “considering the extraordinary nature of the judgment—the fact of its being so fully recorded by Daniel—the circumstance of Nebuchadnezzar being addressed on occasion of another prophecy as the representative of his nation (‘thou art that head of gold’), and that of the symbolic tree, when cut down, being bound with a band of brass and iron, the metals significant of the Greek and Roman empires, which for ages held sway over the prostrate region of Babylon; all these considerations, united with that of the prediction that Assyria specifically is to recover in the latter day from its apostasy (Isa. xix. 24, 25), induce me to believe that Nebuchadnezzar’s insanity and degradation typified that of his empire in its apostasy from God; and the seven times 360 days that passed over him in that state, the seven times 360, or 2520 years that would have to be completed, ere Assyria’s recovery to a sound mind, at the termination of the times of the Gentiles.” At the same time Mr. Elliott does not deny the application of the prediction to Nebuchadnezzar as an individual, and remarks, that it is not an uncommon circumstance “for an individual person to be made the subject of a prefigurative vision, and yet himself to prefigure in that very action or character something future.” If, then, we admit the truth of this representation, and set aside Dan. x. 2, 3 as not a prediction at all, both the passages insisted on by Professor Stuart are in this way removed from the list of exceptions.
[25] –Elements of Prophecy, p. 375, and Horæ Apocalyp., vol. iii. p. 250.
[26] –Chap. xiii. 25; xiv. 34.
[27] –Introduction, p. 518.
[28] –Ezek. iv. 4–6.
[29] – Stuart’s Hints on the Interpretation of Prophecy, pp. 76, 78; Apocalypse, Excursus v.
[30] – Davidson’s Introduction, vol. iii. p. 519.
[31] –Hierophant, pp. 247, 248.
[32] –Chap. xx. 2, 3.
[33] – Davidson’s Introduction, vol. iii. p. 522.
[34] – J. A. Alexander, in loco.
[35] – See the Critici Sacri, Scott, Barnes, Alexander, &c.
[36] –Dan. ix. 24–27.
[37] – Tyso, Govett, and Todd.
[38] –Hints on the Interpretation of Prophecy, p. 79.
[39] –Hierophant, p. 250.
[40] – Davidson’s Introduction, vol. iii. p. 515.
[41] – Mede’s Works, book iii. chap. ix. p. 599.
[42] –Gen. xxix. 27, 28; Lev. xii. 5; Exod. xxxiv. 22; Deut. xvi. 9, twice, and 10; Jer. v. 24; Deut. xvi. 16; 2 Chron. viii. 13; Num. xxviii. 26.
[43] – Gesenius’ Lexicon.
[44] – See margin.
[45] –Chap. ix. 5–10.
[46] –Chap. ix. 15.
[47] –Horæ Apocalyp., vol. i. p. 489.
[48] –Chap. xi. 2.
[49] –Chap. xi. 3, 11.
[50] –Chap. xii. 6, 14.
[51] –Elements of Prophecy, p. 382.
[52] –Chap. xiii. 5.
[53] – Compare chap. xiii. with xix. 19, 20.
[54] –vii. 25; xii. 7.
[55] – Stuart’s Commentary.
[56] – Stuart, in the Bibliotheca Sacra, pp. 353, 354.
[57] –Lu. 11:28.
[58] –Ja. 5:8, 9; 1 Pe. 4:7.
[59] –ver. 11.
[60] –ver. 8.
[61] –ch. 3:1; 4:5; Zec. 4:10.
[62] –Jn. 8:14.
[63] –Col. 1:18.
[64] –Jn. 13:1.
[65] –He. 9:14.
[66] –Ex. 19:6; 1 Pe. 2:5–9.
[67] –He. 13:21.
[68] –Da. 7:13; Mat. 26:64.
[69] –Zec. 12:10.
[70] –Mat. 24:30.
[71] –ch. 22:20.
[72] –Is. 41:4.
[73] –Is. 9:6.
[74] –2 Co. 12:2.
[75] –Jn. 20:26; Ac. 20:7; 1 Co. 16:2.
[76] –ch. 2:1.
[77] –ch. 2:8.
[78] –ch. 2:12.
[79] –ch. 2:18.
[80] –ch. 3:1.
[81] –ch. 3:7.
[82] –ch. 3:14.
[83] –Ex. 25:37; Zec. 4:2.
[84] –Eze. 1:26–28; Da. 7:9, 13; 10:5, 6.
[85] –ch. 2:18; 19:12.
[86] –Eze. 1:7.
[87] –Eze. 43:2.
[88] –Is. 49:2; He. 4:12.
[89] –ch. 10:1; Ac. 26:13.
[90] –Ro. 6:9.
[91] –ch. 20:1, 2; Ps. 68:20.
[92] –ver. 16.
[93] –Mat. 5:15, 16.
[94] –ch. 1:16, 20.
[95] –ver. 9, 13, 19; ch. 3:1, 8, 15; Ps. 1:6.
[96] –1 Jn. 4:1.
[97] –2 Co. 11:13.
[98] –Ga. 6:9.
[99] –Je. 2:2, 3.
[100] –Mat. 21:41, 43.
[101] –ver. 15.
[102] –ver. 11, 17, 29; Mat. 11:15.
[103] –ch. 22:2, 14; Ge. 2:9.
[104] –ch. 1:8, 17.
[105] –1 Ti. 6:18.
[106] –Ro. 2:28, 29.
[107] –ch. 3:9.
[108] –Mat. 10:22.
[109] –Ja. 1:12.
[110] –ch. 20:14.
[111] –ch. 1:16.
[112] –ver. 9.
[113] –2 Ti. 2:12.
[114] –Nu. 31:16.
[115] –Ac. 15:29.
[116] –1 Co. 6:13, 18.
[117] –Is. 11:4.
[118] –ver. 7; ch. 3:6, 13, 22.
[119] –Ps. 25:14.
[120] –ch. 3:12; 19:12, 13; Is. 56:4, 5; 65:15.
[121] –1 Co. 2:14.
[122] –ch. 1:14, 15.
[123] –ver. 2.
[124] –1 Ki. 16:31.
[125] –Ex. 34:15; 1 Co. 10:20, 28.
[126] –Ro. 2:4; 2 Pe. 3:9.
[127] –ch. 9:20.
[128] –Eze. 16:37; 23:29.
[129] –ch. 6:8.
[130] –Zep. 1:11.
[131] –1 Ch. 28:9; 2 Ch. 6:30; Ps. 7:9; Je. 17:10.
[132] –Ps. 62:12.
[133] –2 Th. 2:9–12.
[134] –ch. 3:11.
[135] –ver. 7, 11, 17; ch. 3:5, 12, 21; 21:7.
[136] –Jn. 6:29; Ja. 2:20.
[137] –Ps. 49:14; 149:5–9.
[138] –Ps. 2:9.
[139] –ch. 22:16.
[140] –ch. 5:6.
[141] –ch. 2:2, &c.
[142] –1 Ti. 5:6.
[143] –ch. 2:5.
[144] –Da. 5:27.
[145] –He. 2:1.
[146] –ver. 19.
[147] –ch. 16:15.
[148] –ch. 7:9; 19:8.
[149] –ch. 17:8.
[150] –Lu. 12:8.
[151] –Ac. 3:14.
[152] –1 Jn. 5:20.
[153] –Is. 22:22.
[154] – Job 12:14.
[155] –1 Co. 16:9.
[156] –ch. 2:9.
[157] –Is. 60:14.
[158] –2 Pe. 2:9.
[159] –Zep. 1:14.
[160] –ver. 3.
[161] –ch. 21:2, 10.
[162] – or, in Laodicea.
[163] –Is. 65:16.
[164] –1 Ki. 18:21.
[165] –Ho. 12:8.
[166] –Is. 55:1.
[167] –ch. 16:15.
[168] –He. 12:5, 6.
[169] –Ca. 5:2; Lu. 12:36.
[170] –Jn. 14:23.
[171] –ch. 12:11; 1 Jn. 5:4, 5.
[172] –Lu. 22:30.
[173] –Jn. 16:33.
[174] –ch. 2:7.
[175] –ch. 1:10.
[176] –ch. 11:12.
[177] –ch. 17:3; 21:10; Eze. 3:12–14.
[178] –Is. 6:1; Je. 17:12; Eze. 1:26, 28.
[179] –Da. 7:9; He. 8:1.
[180] –ch. 11:16.
[181] –ch. 3:4, 5.
[182] –ver. 10.
[183] –ch. 8:5; 16:18.
[184] –Ge. 15:17; Ex. 37:23; Zec. 4:2.
[185] –ch. 1:4.
[186] –ch. 15:2.
[187] –Eze. 1:5, &c.; 10:14.
[188] –Is. 6:2, &c.
[189] –have no rest.
[190] –ch. 5:14.
[191] –ver. 4.
[192] –ch. 5:12.
[193] –Col. 1:16.
[194] –Eze. 2:9, 10.
[195] –Is. 29:11.
[196] –Ge. 49:9, 10; Nu. 24:9; He. 7:14.
[197] –ch. 22:16; Is. 11:1, 10.
[198] –Is. 53:7; Jn. 1:29, 36.
[199] –Zec. 4:10.
[200] –ch. 4:4, 8, 10.
[201] –ch. 15:2.
[202] – or, incense.
[203] –Ps. 141:2.
[204] –ch. 14:3.
[205] –Ac. 20:28; Ep. 1:7; He. 9:12; 1 Pe. 1:18, 19.
[206] –ch. 7:9.
[207] –ch. 1:6.
[208] –ch. 22:5.
[209] –Da. 7:10; He. 12:22.
[210] –ch. 4:11.
[211] –Phi. 2:10.
[212] –1 Ch. 29:11; 1 Ti. 6:16; 1 Pe. 4:11.
[213] –ch. 19:4.
[214] –ch. 5:5.
[215] –Zec. 6:3, &c.
[216] –Ps. 45:3–5.
[217] – The word chœnix signifieth a measure containing one wine quart, and the twelfth part of a quart.
[218] –ch. 9:4.
[219] – or, to him.
[220] –Eze. 14:21.
[221] –ch. 8:3.
[222] –ch. 20:4.
[223] –ch. 1:9; 12:17.
[224] –Zec. 1:12.
[225] –ch. 11:18; De. 32:41–43.
[226] –ch. 7:9, 14.
[227] –ch. 14:13.
[228] –He. 11:40.
[229] –ch. 16:18.
[230] – Joel 2:10, 31; 3:15.
[231] –ch. 8:10.
[232] – or, green.
[233] –Ps. 102:26; Is. 34:4.
[234] –ch. 16:20; Je. 4:23, 24; Hab. 3:6, 10.
[235] –Is. 2:19.
[236] –ch. 9:6; Ho. 10:8; Lu. 23:30.
[237] –ch. 16:14; Is. 13:6, &c.; Zep. 1:14, &c.
[238] –Ps. 76:7.
[239] –Da. 7:2.
[240] –2 Ti. 2:19.
[241] –ch. 6:6.
[242] –Eze. 9:4.
[243] –ch. 22:4.
[244] –ch. 14:1.
[245] –ch. 5:9; Ro. 11:25.
[246] –ch. 6:11.
[247] –Le. 23:40.
[248] –Zec. 4:7.
[249] –ch. 19:1; Is. 43:11.
[250] –ch. 5:13, 14; Jude 25.
[251] –ch. 6:9; Jn. 16:33.
[252] –1 Co. 6:11; He. 9:14.
[253] –ch. 1:5; 1 Jn. 1:7.
[254] –ch. 21:3, 4.
[255] –Is. 49:10.
[256] –Ps. 121:6; Is. 4:6.
[257] –Ps. 23:1, 2, 5; 36:8; Is. 40:11.
[258] –Is. 25:8.
[259] –ch. 5:1.
[260] –Lu. 1:19.
[261] –2 Ch. 29:25–28.
[262] – or, add it to.
[263] –ch. 5:8.
[264] –ch. 6:9.
[265] –Ex. 30:1.
[266] – or, upon.
[267] –ch. 16:18.
[268] –2 Sa. 22:8.
[269] –Eze. 38:22.
[270] –Is. 2:13.
[271] –

Ingentem meminit parvo qui germine quercum

Æquævumque videt consenuisse nemus.

A neighbouring wood born with himself he sees

And loves his old contemporary trees.—Cowley.

[272] –Je. 51:25.
[273] –Am. 7:4.
[274] –ch. 16:3, &c.; Ex. 7:19–21.
[275] –ch. 9:1; Is. 14:12.
[276] –De. 29:18; Am. 5:7; He. 12:15.
[277] –Ex. 15:23; Jer. 9:15; 23:15.
[278] –Is. 13:10; Je. 4:23; Eze. 32:7, 8; Joel 2:10; Am. 8:9.
[279] – “If we were called on to fix a period most calamitous, it would be that from the death of Theodosius to the establishment of the Lombards” (Charles V pp. 11, 12).
[280] –ch. 14:6.
[281] –ch. 8:10; Lu. 10:18.
[282] –ch. 17:8; 20:1.
[283] – Joel 2:2.
[284] –Ex. 10:4, &c.
[285] –ver. 10.
[286] –ch. 6:6.
[287] –ch. 7:3; Ex. 12:23; Job 2:6; Eze. 9:4.
[288] – Job 3:21; Je. 8:3.
[289] – Joel 2:4.
[290] –Na. 3:17.
[291] –Da. 7:4, 8.
[292] –Ps. 57:4; Joel 1:6.
[293] –Na. 2:4.
[294] –ver. 5.
[295] –Ep. 2:2.
[296] – That is, a destroyer.
[297] –Fœmineas incisas facies præferentes, virorum et bene barbatorum fugientia terga confodiunt.
[298] –ch. 8:13.
[299] –ch. 16:12; Ge. 2:14; Je. 51:63.
[300] – or, at.
[301] –ch. 8:7–9.
[302] –Eze. 38:4; Da. 11:40.
[303] –Ps. 68:17.
[304] –ch. 7:4.
[305] –1 Ch. 12:8; Is. 5:28, 29.
[306] –Is. 9:15; Ep. 4:14.
[307] –Je. 5:3; 8:6.
[308] –Le. 17:7; 1 Co. 10:20.
[309] –Ps. 135:15; Is. 40:19, 20.
[310] –ch. 22:15.
[311] – “As the Julian year equalled 365 days 6 hours, the Apocalyptic period would, on the year-day principle, be in amount as follows:—
A year = 3651⁄4 days = 365 years + 1⁄4 yr.
A month =  30 days = 30 years.
A day = = 1 year.
396 years.

1⁄4 of a prophetic day or year (left out above) = 911⁄4 days.

An hour = 1⁄24 of a prophetic day or year = 151⁄6 days.

Total = years 396 + 106 days.”

Elliott, i. p. 496.

[312] –Mandat Chalifa tuæ curæ omne id terrarum quod Deus ejus curæ et imperio commisit; tibique civium piorum, fidelium, Deum colentium, tutclam sublocatorio nomine demandat.
[313] – In the Hereford Discussion, between the Rev. J. Venn and Rev. James Waterworth, it was admitted by the latter, an able and learned Romish priest, that Bonaventura’s Psalter to the Virgin Mary, turning the addresses to God into addresses to the Virgin, was blasphemy (Elliott, ii. 25).
[314] –Romanus Pontifex viros claros, et qui sanctimoniâ floruerunt, et eorum exigentibus clarissimis meritis aliorum sanctorum numero aggregari mereritur—inter sanctos prædictos debet collocare, et ut sanctos ab omnibus Christi fidelibus coli, venerari, et ADORARI mandare.
[315] – “If you wish to see the horrors of these ages” (the Middle Ages), says Chateaubriand, Dict. Hist. tom. iii. 420, “read the Councils.”
[316] – His character is told in the well-known epigram—

Octo nocens pueros genuit, totidemque puellas:

Hunc merito potuit dicere Roma patrem.

[317] –Eze. 1:28.
[318] –ch. 1:15, 16; Mat. 17:2.
[319] – For the proof of this, see Elliott, ii. 92.
[320] –ch. 8:5; 14:2.
[321] –Da. 8:26; 12:4, 9.
[322] –Ex. 6:8; De. 32:40.
[323] –ch. 14:7; Ne. 9:6.
[324] –Da. 12:6, 7.
[325] –ch. 11:15.
[326] –Ro. 11:25; Ep. 3:5–9.
[327] –ver. 4.
[328] –Eze. 3:1–3, 14.
[329] –ch. 21:15; Zec. 2:1.
[330] –Eze. xl.–xlviii.
[331] –Eze. 40:17–20.
[332] –cast out.
[333] –Lu. 21:24.
[334] –Da. 7:25.
[335] – or, give unto my two witnesses that they may prophesy.
[336] –Mat. 18:16.
[337] –ch. 20:4.
[338] –Is. 22:12.
[339] –Je. 11:16; Zec. 4:3, 11, 14.
[340] –ch. 1:20.
[341] –Ps. 18:8.
[342] –Nu. 16:35; Ho. 6:5.
[343] –1 Ki. 17:1.
[344] –Ex. 7:19.
[345] –ch. 17:8.
[346] –Da. 7:21; Zec. 14:2, &c.
[347] –He. 13:12.
[348] –Is. 1:10.
[349] –Ex. 20:2.
[350] –Ps. 79:3.
[351] –Eze. 37:5–14.
[352] –1 Th. 4:17.
[353] –Mal. 3:18.
[354] –ch. 16:19.
[355] –names of men.
[356] –ch. 14:7; Is. 26:15, 16.
[357] –ch. 8:13.
[358] – “An old Welsh Chronicle preserved at Cambridge says, ‘After that by means of Austin the Saxons became Christians, in such sort as Austin had taught them, the Britons would not either eat or drink with or salute them; because they corrupted with superstition, images, and idolatry, the true religion of Christ.’” Cited in Hearn’Man of Sin, p. 21.—Elliott.
[359] –ch. 10:7.
[360] –ch. 12:10.
[361] –Da. 2:44; 7:14, 18:27.
[362] –ch. 4:4.
[363] –ch. 16:5.
[364] –ch. 19:6
[365] –ver. 9.
[366] –He. 9:27.
[367] –ch. 22:12.
[368] –ch. 19:5.
[369] – or, corrupt.
[370] –ch. 15:5, 8.
[371] –ch. 8:5.
[372] –ch. 16:18, 21.
[373] – or, sign.
[374] –Is. 54:6.
[375] –Ps. 84:11; Mal. 4:2.
[376] – or, sign.
[377] –ver. 9.
[378] –Is. 9:15.
[379] –Is. 7:14.
[380] –Ps. 2:9.
[381] –ch. 11:3.
[382] –Ge. 3:1, 4.
[383] –Jn. 8:44.
[384] –Zec. 3:1.
[385] –ch. 11:15.
[386] –Ro. 8:33, 37.
[387] –Lu. 14:26.
[388] –Ps. 96:11; Is. 49:13.
[389] –ch. 8:13.
[390] –ch. 10:6.
[391] –Is. 40:31.
[392] – An affecting instance of this kind—perhaps one of many cases that existed—is mentioned by D’Aubigné (book i. p. 79, Eng. trans.), which came to light on the pulling down, in the year 1776, of an old building that had formed a part of the Carthusian convent at Basle. A poor Carthusian brother, by the name of Martin, had written the following confession, which he had placed in a wooden box, and inclosed in a hole which he had made in the wall of his cell, where it was found:—“O most merciful God, I know that I can only be saved, and satisfy thy righteousness, by the merit, the innocent suffering, and death of thy well-beloved Son. Holy Jesus! my salvation is in thy hands. Thou canst not withdraw the hands of thy love from me; for they have created and redeemed me. Thou hast inscribed my name with a pen of iron in rich mercy, and so as nothing can efface it, on thy side, thy hands, and thy feet,” &c.
[393] –Is. 59:19.
[394] –Ge. 3:15.
[395] –Da. 7:2, &c.
[396] –ch. 12:3; 17:3, 9, 12.
[397] – or, names.
[398] –Da. 7:4–7.
[399] –ch. 12:9.
[400] –ch. 16:10.
[401] –slain.
[402] –ch. 17:8.
[403] –ch. 17:14.
[404] –Da. 7:8, 11, 25; 11:36.
[405] –make war.
[406] –ch. 11:2, 3; 12:6.
[407] –Col. 2:9; He. 9:11, 24.
[408] –He. 12:22, 23.
[409] –ch. 11:7; 12:17; Da. 7:21.
[410] –Lu. 4:6.
[411] –ch. 21:27; Da. 12:1.
[412] –ch. 17:8.
[413] –Is. 33:1.
[414] –Ge. 9:6.
[415] –He. 6:12.
[416] –ch. 11:7.
[417] –ver. 3.
[418] –Mat. 24:24; 2 Th. 2:9, 10.
[419] –ver. 3, 12.
[420] –breath.
[421] –ch. 16:2
[422] –give them.
[423] – Among the Romans, slaves were stigmatized with the master’s name or mark on their foreheads. So Valerius Maximus speaks of the custom for slaves, “literarum notis inuri;” and Plautus calls the slave “literatus.” Ambrose (De Obit. Valentin.) says, Charactere Domini inscribuntur servuli. Petronius mentions the forehead as the place of the mark; Servitia ecce in frontibus cernitis. In many cases, soldiers bore the emperor’s name or mark imprinted on the hand. Actius says, Stigmata vocant quæ in facie, vel in aliâ parte corporis, inscribuntur; qualia sunt militum in manibus. So Ambrose says, Nomine imperatoris signantur milites. Comp. Notes on Gal. vi. 17.
[424] –ch. 15:2.
[425] –ch. 5:12.
[426] –ch. 7:4.
[427] –ch. 3:12.
[428] –ch. 19:6.
[429] –ch. 5:8, 9.
[430] –ch. 15:3.
[431] –ver. 1.
[432] –Ca. 1:3; 6:8; 2 Co. 11:2.
[433] –Jn. 10:27.
[434] – bought, 1 Co. 6:20.
[435] –Ja. 1:18.
[436] –Ps. 32:2.
[437] –Ep. 5:27; Jude 24.
[438] –2 Sa. 23:5; Is. 40:8.
[439] –Ep. 3:9.
[440] –ch. 15:4.
[441] –ch. 18:2, 3; Is. 21:9; Je. 51:7, 8.
[442] –ch. 13:14–16.
[443] –Ps. 75:8.
[444] –ch. 19:20.
[445] –Is. 34:10.
[446] –Is. 57:20, 21.
[447] –1 Th. 4:14, 16.
[448] – or, from henceforth saith the Spirit, Yea.
[449] –Eze. 1:26; Da. 7:13.
[450] – Joel 3:13.
[451] –Je. 51:33; Mat. 13:39.
[452] – or, dried.
[453] –ver. 15.
[454] –ch. 19:15.
[455] –Is. 63:3.
[456] –He. 13:11, 12.
[457] –Is. 34:7.
[458] –ch. 19:14.
[459] –ch. 14:10.
[460] –ch. 4:6.
[461] –Is. 4:4, 5.
[462] –ch. 13:15–17.
[463] –ch. 14:2.
[464] –Ex. 15:1–19; De. 32:1–43.
[465] –ch. 14:3.
[466] –Ho. 14:9.
[467] – or, nations, or ages, ch. 17:14.
[468] –Je. 10:7.
[469] –1 Sa. 2:2.
[470] –Is. 45:23.
[471] –ch. 11:19.
[472] –Is. 6:4.
[473] –Ps. 29:9.
[474] –ch. 15:1, 7.
[475] –ch. 8:7.
[476] –Ex. 9:8–11.
[477] –ch. 13:15–17.
[478] –ch. 8:8.
[479] –Ex. 7:17–20.
[480] –ch. 8:10.
[481] –ver. 7.
[482] –De. 32:42, 43; Is. 49:26.
[483] –ch. 15:3; 19:2.
[484] –ch. 8:12.
[485] –ch. 9:17.
[486] – or, burned.
[487] –ver. 11, 21.
[488] –ch. 9:20; Da. 5:22, 23.
[489] –ch. 13:2–4.
[490] –ch. 9:2.
[491] –ver. 2.
[492] – In this connection, I may insert here the remarkable calculation of Robert Fleming, in his work, entitled, Apocalyptical Key, or The Pouring Out of the Vials, first published in 1701. It is in the following words:—“The fifth vial (ver. 10, 11), which is to be poured out on the seat of the beast, or the dominions which more immediately belong to, and depend on, the Roman see; that, I say, this judgment will probably begin about the year 1794, and expire about A.D. 1848; or that the duration of it upon this supposition will be the space of fifty-four years. For I do suppose that, seeing the pope received the title of Supreme Bishop no sooner than A.D. 606, he cannot be supposed to have any vial poured upon his seat immediately (so as to ruin his authority so signally as this judgment must be supposed to do) until the year 1848, which is the date of the twelve hundred and sixty years in prophetical account, when they are reckoned from A.D. 606. But yet we are not to imagine that this will totally destroy the Papacy (though it will exceedingly weaken it), for we find that still in being and alive when the next vial is poured out” [pp. 124, 125, Cobbin’s edition]. It is a circumstance remarkably in accordance with this calculation, that in the year 1848 the pope was actually driven away to Gaeta, and that at the present time (1851) he is restored, though evidently with diminished power.
[493] –ch. 9:14.
[494] –Is. 42:15; Je. 50:38; 51:36.
[495] –ch. 12:3, 9.
[496] –ch. 13:2.
[497] –ch. 19:20.
[498] –1 Ti. 4:1.
[499] –2 Th. 2:9.
[500] –1 Jn. 5:19.
[501] –ch. 19:19.
[502] –2 Pe. 3:10.
[503] –ch. 3:4, 18.
[504] –ch. 21:6.
[505] –ch. 11:13.
[506] –Da. 12:1.
[507] –ch. 14:8.
[508] –Is. 51:17, 23; Je. 25:15, 16.
[509] –ch. 6:14.
[510] –ch. 11:19.
[511] –ch. 19:2; Na. 3:4.
[512] –Je. 51:13.
[513] –ch. 18:3.
[514] –ch. 12:3.
[515] –ch. 13:1.
[516] –gilded.
[517] –Je. 51:7.
[518] –2 Th. 2:7.
[519] – or, fornications.
[520] –ch. 16:6.
[521] –ver. 1.
[522] –ver. 3.
[523] –ch. 11:7.
[524] –ver. 11.
[525] –ch. 13:3, 8.
[526] –ch. 13:1.
[527] –Da. 7:20; Zec. 1:18–21.
[528] –ch. 19:19.
[529] –Je. 50:44.
[530] –ch. 19:16; De. 10:17; 1 Ti. 6:15.
[531] –Mi. 5:8, 9.
[532] –Ro. 8:30, 37.
[533] –Jn. 15:16.
[534] –ch. 2:10.
[535] –ver. 1; Is. 8:7.
[536] –ch. 13:7.
[537] –Je. 50:41, 42.
[538] –Eze. 16:37–44.
[539] –ch. 18:8, 18.
[540] –Ac. 4:27, 28.
[541] –ch. 10:7.
[542] –ch. 16:19.
[543] –Eze. 43:2.
[544] –ch. 14:8; Is. 13:19; 21:9; Je. 51:8.
[545] –ch. 17:2; Is. 34:11, 14; Je. 50:39; 51:37.
[546] –Is. 47:15.
[547] –ver. 11, 15.
[548] – or, power.
[549] –Is. 48:20; 52:11; Je. 50:8; 51:6, 45; 2 Co. 6:17.
[550] –Je. 51:9.
[551] –ch. 16:19.
[552] –Ps. 137:8; Je. 50:15, 29.
[553] –Is. 47:7–11; Zep. 2:15.
[554] –ch. 17:16.
[555] –Ps. 62:11; Je. 50:34.
[556] –Eze. 26:16, 17.
[557] –ver. 17, 19.
[558] –Eze. 27:27–36.
[559] –ch. 17:4.
[560] – or, sweet.
[561] – or, bodies.
[562] –Eze. 27:13.
[563] –Lu. 16:19, &c.
[564] –Is. 23:14.
[565] –Je. 51:37.
[566] –Jos. 7:6; Job 2:12; Eze. 27:30.
[567] –Je. 51:48.
[568] –ch. 19:2; De. 32:43; Lu. 18:7, 8.
[569] –Je. 51:64.
[570] –Je. 25:10.
[571] –Je. 7:34; 16:9; 33:11.
[572] –Is. 23:8.
[573] –2 Ki. 9:22; Na. 3:4.
[574] –Je. 51:49.
[575] –ch. 11:15.
[576] –ver. 3, 4, 6.
[577] –ch. 7:10, 12.
[578] –ch. 16:7.
[579] –ch. 18:20.
[580] –ch. 18:9, 18; Is. 34:10.
[581] –Ps. 135:1.
[582] –Ps. 97:1, 12.
[583] –Mat. 25:10.
[584] –Is. 52:1.
[585] –ch. 3:4; Is. 61:10.
[586] – or, bright.
[587] –Ps. 132:9.
[588] –Lu. 14:15.
[589] –ch. 3:20.
[590] –ch. 22:6.
[591] –ch. 22:8, 9.
[592] –Ac. 10:43; 1 Pe. 1:10, 11.
[593] –ch. 6:2.
[594] –ch. 3:14.
[595] –Ps. 45:3, 4; Is. 11:4.
[596] –ch. 1:14; 2:18.
[597] –ch. 6:2; Ca. 3:11; Is. 62:3; Zec. 9:16; He. 2:9.
[598] –ch. 3:12.
[599] –Jn. 1:1.
[600] –Mat. 28:3.
[601] –ch. 1:16.
[602] –Ps. 2:9.
[603] –Is. 63:3.
[604] –ch. 17:14.
[605] –Eze. 39:17–20.
[606] –ch. 16:14, 16.
[607] –ch. 16:13, 14.
[608] –ch. 20:10; Da. 7:11.
[609] –ver. 15; ch. 1:16.
[610] –ver. 17, 18.
[611] –ch. 1:18; 9:1.
[612] –ch. 12:9.
[613] –2 Pe. 2:4; Jude 6.
[614] –Da. 6:17.
[615] –Da. 7:9, 22, 27; Lu. 22:30.
[616] –1 Co. 6:2, 3.
[617] –ch. 6:9.
[618] –ch. 5:10.
[619] –ch. 2:11; 21:8.
[620] –ch. 1:6; Is. 61:6.
[621] – I have slightly abridged this passage, but have retained the sense.
[622] –Eze. 38:2; 39:1.
[623] –ch. 16:14.
[624] –Is. 8:8; Eze. 38:9, 16.
[625] –ch. 19:20.
[626] –2 Pe. 3:10, 12.
[627] –Da. 7:10.
[628] –ch. 21:27; Da. 12:1.
[629] –Je. 32:19; Mat. 16:27.
[630] –the grave.
[631] –Ho. 13:14; 1 Co. 15:26, 54.
[632] –Mat. 25:41.
[633] –Is. 65:17–19; 66:22; 2 Pe. 3:13.
[634] –Is. 52:1; He. 11:10; 12:22.
[635] –Is. 54:5.
[636] –Ps. 45:9–14.
[637] –2 Co. 6:16.
[638] –Zec. 8:8.
[639] –ch. 7:17; Is. 25:8.
[640] –1 Co. 15:26, 54.
[641] –Is. 35:10.
[642] –ch. 16:17.
[643] –ch. 1:8; 22:1.
[644] –ch. 22:17; Is. 55:1; Jn. 4:10, 14; 7:37.
[645] – or, these.
[646] –Lu. 12:4–9.
[647] –1 Jn. 5:4, 10.
[648] –1 Co. 6:9, 10.
[649] –1 Jn. 3:15.
[650] –He. 13:4.
[651] –Mal. 3:5.
[652] –1 Co. 10:20, 21.
[653] –ch. 22:15; Pr. 19:5, 9.
[654] –ch. 15:1, 6, 7.
[655] –ch. 19:7.
[656] –Eze. xl.–xlviii.
[657] –Is. 60:1, 2.
[658] –Eze. 48:31–34.
[659] –Ep. 2:20.
[660] –ch. 11:1; Eze. 40:3; Zec. 2:1.
[661] –Is. 54:11.
[662] –ch. 22:5; Is. 60:19, 20.
[663] –Jn. 1:4.
[664] –Is. 60:3–11; 66:10–12.
[665] –Ps. 72:11.
[666] –Zec. 14:7.
[667] –Is. 35:8; 52:1; 60:21; Joel 3:17; Mat. 13:41; 1 Co. 6:9, 10; Ga. 5:19–21; Ep. 5:5; He. 12:14.
[668] –ch. 13:8.
[669] –Eze. 47:1, 12.
[670] –ch. 21:21.
[671] –ch. 2:7.
[672] –Zec. 14:11.
[673] –Eze. 48:35.
[674] –ch. 7:15.
[675] –Mat. 5:8; Jn. 12:26; 17. 24; 1 Co. 13:12; 1 Jn. 3:2.
[676] –ch. 3:12.
[677] –ch. 21:23, 25.
[678] –Ps. 36:9.
[679] –Ro. 5:17.
[680] – Devil, in MS., but it must have been pronounced Scoticè, “deil.”
[681] – Musing, in MS.
[682] –ch. 1:1.
[683] –ver. 10, 12, 20.
[684] –Da. 8:26.
[685] –Pr. 1:24–33; Ec. 11:3; Mat. 25:10; 2 Ti. 3:13.
[686] –Pr. 4:18; Mat. 5:6.
[687] –Zep. 1:14.
[688] –ch. 20:12.
[689] –Is. 44:6.
[690] –Lu. 12:37, 38.
[691] –ch. 21:8, 27.
[692] –Phi. 3:2.
[693] –ch. 5:5.
[694] –ch. 21:2, 9.
[695] –Is. 2:5.
[696] –ch. 21:6.
[697] –Pr. 30:6.
[698] –ch. 3:5.
[699] – or, from the tree.
[700] –ver. 7, 12.
[701] –He. 9:28; Is. 25:9.
[702] –2 Th. 3:18.

Transcriber’s Notes.

The following corrections have been made in the text:
[1] –

Publisher included this entry in the list but did no include the map in the book.

[2] –

‘like’ replaced with ‘life’

(the later years of his life)

[3] –

‘incriptions’ replaced with ‘inscriptions’

(passages in heathen inscriptions)

[4] –

‘and’ replaced with ‘an’

(space of half an hour.)

[5] –

‘sub-substance’ replaced with ‘substance’

(a hard bony substance)

[6] –

‘sufferred’ replaced with ‘suffered’

(shown to the dead if they were not suffered to be)

[7] –

‘vicegerents’ replaced with ‘viceregents’

(they were the viceregents of heaven)

[8] –

duplicated word removed ‘to’

(preliminary to that final)

[9] –

‘apparrently’ replaced with ‘apparently’

(apparently for the sole purpose)

[10] –

‘chuch’ replaced with ‘church’

(history of the church)

[11] –

‘inferor’ replaced with ‘inferior’

(little inferior to flint)