The Southern South

by Albert Bushnell Hart

COMPARATIVE CHARITIES AND CORRECTIONS(1904-1905)—SOUTHERN GROUPS

		Juvenile Delinquents June 30, 1904.	Prisoners (June 30, 1904).			Insane in Hospitals (Jan. 1, 1905).			Paupers (Jan. 1, 1905).
			White	Negro	Total	White	Negro	Total	White	Negro	Total
1	Alabama	37	270	1,798	2,068	1,222	490	1,712	414	357	771
2	Arkansas	...	251	632	884	56	107	669	476	167	643
3	Florida	31	140	1,094	1,234	457	283	740	80	70	150
4	Georgia	99	544	2,029	2,579	2,049	915	2,964	602	407	1,009
5	Louisiana	36	325	1,355	1,680	1,122	467	1,589	149	14	163
6	Mississippi	...	114	1,122	1,238	981	598	1,579	223	280	503
7	North Carolina	...	269	912	1,185	1,532	545	2,077	981	578	1,559
8	South Carolina	...	142	903	1,045	709	498	1,207	415	289	704
9	Tennessee	246	600	1,397	1,997	1,457	336	1,793	1,343	641	1,984
10	Virginia	279	401	1,494	1,895	2,239	1,200	3,439	1,112	883	1,995
	Total 10 States	728	3,056	12,736	15,805	12,330	5,439	17,769	5,795	3,686	9,481
11	Texas	...	1,835	2,667	4,504	3,081	401	3,482	742	221	963
	Total Seceding States	728	4,891	15,403	20,309	15,411	5,840	21,251	6,537	3,907	10,444
12	Delaware	98	66	94	160	288	78	366	229	63	292
13	District of Columbia	405	12	34	46	2,074	517	2,591	90	160	250
14	Kentucky	301	923	1,298	2,221	2,632	508	3,140	1,396	306	1,702
15	Maryland	1,070	750	1,117	1,867	2,189	325	2,514	1,325	405	1,730
16	Missouri	670	1,752	1,040	2,793	4,923	273	5,196	2,257	244	2,501
	Total Border States	2,544	3,503	3,583	7,087	12,106	1,701	13,807	5,297	1,178	6,475
	Total South	3,272	8,394	18,986	27,396	27,517	7,541	35,058	11,834	5,085	16,919

COMPARATIVE CHARITIES AND CORRECTIONS (1904-1905)—EQUIVALENT NORTHERN GROUPS

		Juvenile Delinquents June 30, 1904.	Prisoners (June 30, 1904).			Insane in Hospitals (Jan. 1, 1905).			Paupers (Jan. 1, 1905).
			White	Black	Total	White	Black[1]	Total	White	Black[1]	Total
1	Colorado	288	901	120	1,022	880	31	911	452	10	462
2	Indiana	872	1,719	419	2,138	4,324	125	4,449	3,206	129	3,335
3	Indian Territory	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
4	Iowa	714	1,131	122	1,255	4,603	60	4,663	2,055	41	2,096
5	Kansas	372	1,918	801	2,876	2,539	121	2,660	693	93	786
6	Michigan	1,114	1,857	124	1,995	5,483	81	5,564	2,796	57	2,853
7	Minnesota	360	995	59	1,067	4,263	14	4,277	557	8	565
8	Nebraska	164	430	85	519	1,592	16	1,608	477	10	487
9	North Dakota	39	198	5	203	473	4	477	233	3	236
10	Oklahoma	...	21	...	22	394	19	413	58	4	62
11	South Dakota	65	217	9	245	591	31	622	161	3	164
12	Utah	79	212	11	223	373	3	376	184	3	187
13	Wisconsin	543	1,311	32	1,366	5,024	25	5,049	1,707	6	1,713
	Total	4,610	10,910	1,787	12,931	30,539	530	31,069	12,579	367	12,946
14	California	474	3,036	165	3,355	5,705	305	6,010	4,156	136	4,292
15	Idaho	...	183	8	196	277	3	280	111	1	112
16	Montana	78	519	38	571	563	16	579	420	9	429
17	Oregon	93	360	21	399	1,276	47	1,323	378	11	389
18	Vermont	137	262	12	274	883	2	885	414	11	425
19	Washington	158	841	37	911	1,420	27	1,447	311	7	318
	Total	940	5,201	281	5,706	10,124	400	10,524	5,790	175	5,965
	Double Total	5,550	16,111	2,068	18,637	40,663	930	41,593	18,369	542	18,911
20	Arizona	31	289	13	318	258	12	270	180	11	191
21	Illinois	1,386	2,550	629	3,180	10,184	264	10,448	5,238	149	5,387
22	Nevada	...	99	5	129	175	11	186	162	4	166
23	New Mexico	...	236	15	265	112	1	113	...	...	...
24	Wyoming	...	195	26	230	104	3	107	...	...	...
25	New Hampshire	181	411	5	416	608	2	610	1,064	12	1,076
26	West Virginia	314	535	604	1,139	1,417	86	1,503	846	115	961
	Total	1,912	4,315	1,297	5,677	12,858	379	13,237	7,490	291	7,781
	Grand Total	7,462	20,426	3,365	24,314	53,521	1,309	54,830	25,859	833	26,692

[1] Not possible for figures of Jan. 1, 1905, to distinguish between blacks and other colored insane and paupers; not important except in California where on Dec. 31, 1903, there were 218 Mongolian insane.

COMPARATIVE COMMON SCHOOL EDUCATION (1905)—SOUTHERN GROUPS

		Estimated Population [thousands].	Estimated School Population [thousands].	Enrollment and Attendance.		Average Days of School.	Teachers.		Value of School Property [thousands].	Revenue.		Expenditure.
				Number Pupils Enrolled [thousands].	Number Pupils Attending [thousands].		Number.	Average Monthly Salary.		Annual Revenue [thousands].	Revenue per Person of School Age.	Annual Outgo [thousands].	Outgo per Average Attendance.	Outgo per $10,000 Actual Property.
1	Alabama	1,986	663	400	210	103	5,400	28	2,200	1,589	2.39	1,475	7.03	13.0
2	Arkansas	1,403	474	336	207	88	7,826	40	3,171	2,042	4.31	1,955	9.43	21.5
3	Florida	613	185	123	84	108	2,925	38	1,290	946	5.20	945	11.30	21.9
4	Georgia	2,406	803	499	311	118	10,360	34	4,010	2,397	3.03	2,328	7.47	19.2
5	Louisiana	1,513	493	210	146	130	4,680	40	3,660	2,219	4.51	2,169	14.83	15.0
6	Mississippi	1,682	572	404	233	123	8,922	31	2,190	1,859	3.35	1,869	8.01	27.1
7	North Carolina	2,032	676	474	280	95	9,687	31	3,183	1,881	2.78	1,936	6.90	24.6
8	South Carolina	1,435	497	303	200	106	6,059	30	2,000	1,310	2.64	1,305	6.51	20.3
9	Tennessee	2,147	687	508	349	113	9,784	36	5,172	3,102	4.52	2,933	8.41	23.6
10	Virginia	1,953	618	362	215	128	9,072	29	4,298	2,432	3.94	2,378	11.05	16.6
	Total 10 States	17,170	5,668	3,619	2,235	...	74,715	...	31,174	19,777	...	19,293	...	...
11	Texas	3,455	1,156	756	502	112	17,116	53	11,897	6,406	5.54	6,400	12.76	21.9
	Total Seceding States	20,625	6,824	4,375	2,737	...	91,831	...	43,071	26,183	...	25,693	...	...
12	Delaware	193	51	37	25	170	897	40	1,627	499	9.75	540	17.93	21.4
13	Dist. of Columbia	303	66	51	41	181	1,478	64	5,816	1,680	25.54	1,676	41.28	15.1
14	Kentucky	2,291	709	501	310	90	10,449	44	6,118	2,723	3.94	2,663	8.59	17.4
15	Maryland	1,261	352	227	140	192	5,150	47	4,790	3,163	8.99	2,961	21.32	18.2
16	Missouri	3,320	978	729	471	152	17,385	47	22,593	10,330	10.56	10,102	21.46	26.3
	Total Border States	7,368	2,156	1,545	987	...	35,359	...	40,944	18,395	...	17,942	...	...
	Total South	27,993	8,980	5,920	3,724	...	127,190	...	84,015	44,578	...	43,635	...	...