The following list, which contains only the principal genera and groups of coast fishes, will give an idea of the affinity of the tropical Atlantic and Indo-Pacific:—[28]

Trop.-Atl.Indo-Pac.
Scylliidæ13
Pristis34
Rhinobatidæ48
Torpedinidæ18
Trygonidæ1424
Etelis11
Aprion1
Apsilus1
Centropristis15
Anthias45
Serranus3085
Plectropoma115
Grammistes2
Rhypticus3
Diploprion1
Myriodon1
Mesoprion1550
Priacanthus412
Apogon and Chilodipterus275
Pristipoma1214
Hæmulon15
Diagramma30
Gerres1216
Scolopsis20
Dentex and Symphorus7
Synagris and Pentapus24
Cæsio12
Mullidæ522
Sargus72
Lethrinus118
Chrysophrys17
Pimelepterus15
Squamipinnes13110
Toxotes2
Cirrhites20
Scorpænidæ265
Myripristis315
Holocentrum625
Platycephalus25
Prionotus1
Trigla4
Peristethus26
Uranoscopina28
Champsodon1
Percis10
Sillago5
Latilus12
Opisthognathus25
Pseudochromis8
Cichlops and Pseudoplesiops2
Sciænidæ4443
Sphyræna110
Trichiuridæ65
Caranx2060
Chorinemus47
Trachynotus64
Psettus12
Platax7
Zanclus1
Equula and Gazza20
Teuthis30
Acanthurus342
Naseus12
Kurtidæ16
Gobiodon7
Callionymus17
Batrachidæ54
Tetrabrachium1
Malthe1
Petroscirtes30
Clinus6
Dactyloscopus1
Malacanthus12
Cepola1
Gobiesocidæ51
Amphisile3
Fistulariidæ33
Pomacentridæ17120
Lachnolæmus1
Julidina36190
Pseudodax1
Scarina2165
Pseudophycis1
Bregmaceros1
Ophidiidæ37
Fierasfer6
Pleuronectidæ2156
Saurina59
Clupeidæ.3384
Chirocentrus1
Murænidæ47130
Pegasus3
Solenostoma2
Syngnathidæ741
Sclerodermi1667
Gymnodontes2340

A. Shore Fishes of the Tropical Atlantic.

The boundaries of the tropical Atlantic extend zoologically a few degrees beyond the Northern and Southern Tropics, but as the mixture with the types of the temperate zone is very gradual, no distinct boundary line can be drawn between the tropical and temperate faunæ.

Types, almost exclusively limited to it, and not found in the Indo-Pacific, are few in number, as Centropristis, Rhypticus, Hæmulon, Malthe. A few others preponderate with regard to the number of species, as Plectropoma, Sargus, Trachynotus, Batrachidæ, and Gobiesocidæ. The Sciænoids are equally represented in both oceans. All the remainder are found in both; but in the minority in the Atlantic, where they are sometimes represented by one or two species only (for instance, Lethrinus).

B. Shore Fishes of the Tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean.

The ichthyological boundaries of this part of the tropical zone may be approximately given as 30° of lat. N. and S.; on the Australian coasts it should probably be placed still farther south, viz., to 34°; it includes, as mentioned above, the Sandwich Islands, and all the islands of the South Sea, but not the American coasts.

Some eighty genera of Shore fishes are peculiar to the Indo-Pacific, but the majority consists of one or a few species only; comparatively few have a plurality of species, as Diagramma, Lethrinus, Equula, Teuthis, Amphiprion, Dascyllus, Choerops, Chilinus, Anampses, Stethojulis, Coris, Coilia.

The Sea-perches, large and small, which feed on Crustaceans and other small fishes, and the coral-feeding Pharyngognaths are the types which show the greatest generic and specific variety in the Indo-Pacific. Then follow the Squamipinnes and Murænidæ, the Clupeidæ and Carangidæ families in which the variety is more that of species than of genus. The Scorpænidæ, Pleuronectidæ, Acronuridæ, Sciænidæ, Syngnathidæ, and Teuthyes, are those which contribute the next largest contingents. Of shore-loving Chondropterygians the Scylliidæ and Trygonidæ only are represented in moderate numbers, though they are more numerous in this ocean than in any other.

C. Shore Fishes of the Pacific Coasts of Tropical America.