lor = ∂s₁/∂x₁ + ∂s₂/∂x₂ + ∂s₃/∂x₃ + ∂s₄/∂x₄.

In case of a Lorentz transformation A, we have

lor ′ṡ′ = lor A. Ās = lor s.

i.e., lor s is an invariant in a Lorentz-transformation.

In all these operations the operator lor plays the part of a space-time vector of the first kind.

If f represents a space-time vector of the second kind,—lor f denotes a space-time vector of the first kind with the components

f₁₂/∂x₂ + ∂f₁₃/∂x₃ + ∂f₁₄/∂x₄,

f₂₁/∂x₁ + ∂f₂₃/∂x₃ + ∂f₂₄/∂x₄,

f₃₁/∂x₁ + ∂f₃₂/∂x₂ + ∂f₃₄/∂x₄,

f₄₁/∂x₁ + ∂f₄₂/∂x₂ + ∂f₄₃/∂x₃