By mixed multiplication with gστ and gνλ respectively we obtain (changing the mode of writing the indices).
dgμν = -gμα gνβ dgαβ
∂gμν/∂xσ = -gμα gνβ dgαβ
and
(32)
dgμν = -gμα gνβ dgαβ
∂gμν/∂xσ = -gμα gνβ ∂gαβ/∂xσ.
The expression (31) allows a transformation which we shall often use; according to (21)