[8] Gong.—J.H.

[9] David J. Doherty, M.D., translator of The Philippines, A Summary Account of their Ethnological, Historical, and Political Conditions, by Ferdinand Blumentritt, etc. (Chicago, 1900), p. 16.

[10] A fermented drink.

[11] A fermented drink.

[12] The accompanying photo was an instantaneous exposure, taken in the twilight. The people could not be induced to wait for a time exposure.

Chapter IV

Economic Life

Production