“Royston,”
Swiss Cottage,
N.W.

ILLUSTRATIONS

Reference No.Title.Plate.
Crowns and votive Crosses of Guarrazar, Remains of St. Ferdinand’s Robe, Moorish Spurs of St. Ferdinand,[1]
Cloak and Spurs of St. Ferdinand and Visigothic Bit,[1A]
Don Bernardo Guillen de Entenza, 13th century,[2]
Don Guillelmo Ramon de Moncada, Seneschal of Catalonia, died circa 1280,[3]
Don Juan Alphonso, Lord of Ajofrin, died about 1386,[3]
G 22.Sword and Scabbard, probably belonging to St. Ferdinand,[4]
G 21.The Lobera of St. Ferdinand,[4]
G 22.Sword and Scabbard that probably belonged to St. Ferdinand,[5]
Pedro I, King of Castile,[6]
Effigy of St. Ferdinand, King of Spain,[7]
Sepulchral Effigy of Don Bernardo de Anglesola, circa 1384,[8]
F 123.Bit, believed to have belonged to Witiza, King of the Visigoths,[9]
D 11.Helmet-crest of Martin I of Aragon,[9]
G 4.Pontifical Sword presented by Pope Eugene IV to John II of Castile,[10]
G 13.Fifteenth Century War Sword, probably belonged to Ferdinand the Catholic,[10]
G 1.Ceremonial Sword of Ferdinand and Isabella,[11]
G 23.Fifteenth Century Sword of unknown Origin,[11]
Juan Pacheco, Marquis of Villena, Grand Master of St. James, died 1474,[12]
G 29.War Sword of the Gran Capitan, Gonzalo Fernandez de Cordoba (1453-1515),[13]
G 28.Sword of the Cardinal Infante Fernando, Brother of Philip IV,[13]
G 31.War Sword of Ferdinand the Catholic,[13]
A 9.Armet, early 16th century (closed),[14]
A 9.The Same (open),[14]
A 5.Armet, late 15th century and beginning of 16th century,[14]
A 11.Armour of Philip the Handsome,[15]
A 16.Tilting Armour of Philip the Handsome,[15]
A 16.Tilting Armour of Philip the Handsome,[15A]
A 16.Tilting Armour of Philip the Handsome, [15B]
A 16.Tilting Armour of Philip the Handsome,[15C]
Tilting Armour, early 16th century, attributed in the 1849 Catalogue to Maximilian of Austria,[15D]
A 11.‘Caperuza’ of Philip I of Castile,[16]
A 17.Helmet with unusually large Shutter, late 15th century,[16]
D 14.Late 15th century Helmet in the Moorish Style. It is the only one of its kind in the Armoury,[16]
C 1.Spanish Man-at-arms, 15th century,[17]
C 1.Spanish Man-at-arms, 15th century (back view),[17A]
C 4.Spanish Crossbowman, 15th century,[17B]
C 4.Spanish Crossbowman, 15th century (back view),[17C]
C 2.Spanish Halberdier, 15th century,[17D]
C 2.Spanish Halberdier, 15th century (back view),[17E]
Mace-bearer of the 16th century, with Surcoat displaying the Arms of Castile and Leon,[18]
A King of Arms,[19]
A 101.Royal Tilting Armour of Charles V,[20]
A 19.War Armour of Charles V,[20]
A 19.War Armour of the Emperor Charles V (1517),[20A]
A 26.Tilting Harness of Charles V,[21]
A 27.Tilting Armour of Charles V,[22]
A 37.Tilting Harness of Charles V, made by Colman Helmschmied,[23]
A 49.Oak-leaf Suit with Lamboys of Charles V,[24]
A 56.Figure showing Pieces of the Oak-leaf Armour,[25]
A 65.Tilting Harness of Charles V,[26]
A 93.Foot Armour, with Lamboys, belonging to Charles V, with reinforcing Pieces for Helmet,[27]
A 93.Foot Armour of Charles V, made by Helmschmied in 1526,[27A]
A 112.Armour presented to Charles V by the Duke of Mantua,[28]
A 114.Armour presented to Charles V by the Duke of Mantua,[29]
A 116.Cornucopiæ Armour of Charles V,[30]
A 129.War Harness of Charles V,[31]
A 139.Italian Armour of Charles V,[31]
A 139.Armour of Charles V (work of Negroli),[31A]
A 147.Foot Armour of Charles V,[32]
A 149.Armour of Charles V (1541),[33]
A 160.Armour of Charles V, probably made by Negroli,[34]
A 164.Charles V at Mühlberg,[35]
Armour of Charles V (pieces of the Mühlberg Harness),[36]
Pieces of the Mühlberg Harness of Charles V,[37]
Harness composed of pieces of the Mühlberg Harness (1547),[37A]
Armour of Charles V, with Lamboys,[38]
A 165.Mühlberg Armour of Charles V,[39]
A 138.Armour of Charles V, after the Roman style,[39]
Equestrian Armour of Charles V,[40]
Armour of Charles V, made by Colman (1849 Catalogue),[41]
Armour of Charles V., Augsburg or Nuremburg make (1849 Catalogue),[41A]
Equestrian Armour of the Marquis of Villena, 16th century,[42]
A 189.Foot Armour of Philip II, made by Desiderius Colman,[43]
A 189.Foot Armour of Philip II, made by Desiderius Colman,[43A]
A 217.Armour of Prince Philip (II), of German make,[44]
A 218.Armour of Prince Philip (II), made in Germany in 1549,[45]
A 231.Armour made for Prince Philip (II) by Wolf of Landshut (1550),[46]
A 239.Parade Armour of Philip II,[47]
Parade Armour of King Sebastian of Portugal,[47]
A 239.Suit made for Prince Philip (II) at Augsburg in 1552,[47A]
A 239.Gorget of Philip II, when heir-apparent, for parade (1552). It has the collar of the Golden Fleece,[47B]
A 242.Saddle-plate belonging to the same Armour as the preceding,[47B]
A 243.Equestrian Armour of Philip II, made by Sigmund Wolf of Landshut,[48]
A 245.Tilting Armour, made for Prince Philip (II) by Wolf of Landshut (1554),[49]
A 263.‘Burgundy Cross’ Armour of Philip II,[50]
The ‘Burgundy Cross’ Suit of Philip II,[50A]
‘Burgundy Cross’ Armour of Philip II,[50B]
Armour of King Philip II,[51]
A 274.Complete Armour of Prince Charles, son of Philip II,[52]
A 289.Suit presented to Philip II by the Conde de Nieva,[52A]
Armour of Philip II, engraved with the Royal Arms of England,[52B]
A 290.Armour of King Sebastian of Portugal,[53]
A 290.Armour of King Sebastian of Portugal (2nd view),[53A]
A 290.Armour of King Sebastian of Portugal (3rd view),[53B]
A 290.Armour of King Sebastian (details),[53C]
A 290.Armour of King Sebastian, back plate (details),[53D]
A 291.Equestrian Parade Armour of Philip III,[54]
A 291.Armour of Philip III, made by Lucio Picinino of Milan,[54A]
A 347.Armour presented by the Archduke Albert to Philip III,[55]
A 354.Half Suit made at Pamplona for Philip III,[56]
A 356.War Armour, early 17th century, Milanese make,[57]
A 360.Half Armour of Prince Filippo Emmanuele of Savoy, early 17th century,[58]
Armour of Prince Filippo Emmanuele of Savoy (1586-1605),[58A]
A 422.Milanese Armour of King Philip IV,[59]
Armour sent from Flanders in 1624 by the Infanta Isabel Clara Eugenia to Philip IV,[60]
Armour ascribed to King Philip IV,[61]
Armour made at Pamplona for the Duke of Savoy, 1620,[62]
A 277.Armour ascribed, on doubtful authority, to Diego Garcia de Paredes,[63]
Armour ascribed to Don Alonso Cespedes, the Castilian Alcides, died 1569,[64]
Armour of Fernando d’Alarcon, 16th century (1849 Catalogue),[65]
Half Armour of the Third Count of Altamira (1849 Catalogue),[66]
Half Armour of John of Aldana (1849 Catalogue),[67]
Half Armour of Alfonso d’Avalos, nephew of the Marquis of Pescara (1849 Catalogue),[68]
Milanese Armour of the famous Warrior Antonio de Leiva (1849 Catalogue),[69]
Half Armour of the Poet Garcilaso de la Vega (1849 Catalogue),[70]
Armour of Luis Hurtado de Mendoza (1849 Catalogue),[71]
Complete Armour of the Marquis of Pescara, General of Charles V (1849 Catalogue),[72]
Half Armour of Juan de Padilla, beheaded by order of Charles V in 1520 (1849 Catalogue),[73]
Half Armour of Juan Arias de Avila, Count of Puñonrostro (1849 Catalogue),[74]
Coat of Mail ascribed to Alfonso V of Aragon and I of Sicily (1849 Catalogue),[75]
Harness ascribed to Charles V (1849 Catalogue),[76]
Harness ascribed to Charles V (1849 Catalogue),[77]
M 11-17.Armour of John Frederick, Elector of Saxony, taken at the Battle of Mühlberg, 1547,[78]
Armour of the Elector John Frederick, the Magnanimous, Duke of Saxony, taken at Mühlberg,[78A]
C 11.Brigantine of Milanese make which belonged to the Emperor Maximilian,[79]
Mark on the Breastplate of a Child’s Corselet (17th century),[79A]
Signature of the noted Engraver of Augsburg, Daniel Hopfer, with date,[79A]
Monogram of Guidobaldo II, Duke of Arbino, on Suit A 188,[79A]
C 11.Inside of Brigantine of Maximilian I, with Arms of Austria and Burgundy,[79A]
Milanese Brigantine which belonged to Charles V,[80]
Milanese Brigantine which belonged to Charles V,[81]
B 1.Boy’s Half Armour which belonged to Philip III,[82]
B 3.Shield. Subject: Gods overwhelming the Moors,[82]
B 4.Boy’s Half Armour which belonged to Philip III,[82]
B 1.Boy’s Half Armour, made in Italy for the Infante, afterwards Philip III,[83]
B 1.Boy’s Half Armour, made for the Infante, afterwards Philip III (second view),[83A]
B 4.Half Armour presented to the Infante, afterwards Philip III, by the Duke of Terranova,[84]
B 9.Milanese Armour presented to the Infante, afterwards Philip III, by the Duke of Terranova,[85]
B 9.Armour of the Infante, afterwards Philip III, Milanese make (second view),[85A]
B 12.Boy’s Half Armour, with Medallion on Breastplate of Mutius Scaevola,[86]
B 18.Boy’s Half Armour, made for the Infante Fernando, Son of Philip III,[87]
Half Armour belonging to Prince Philip, afterwards Philip IV,[88]
Boy’s Half Armour, Milanese make (late 16th century),[89]
Boy’s Half Armour,[90]
Boy’s Half Armour, end of 16th century (Italian),[91]
Boy’s Half Armour,[92]
A 434.Gorget. Subject: The Siege of Ostend, 1601,[93]
A 434.Gorget of Philip II Subject: The Battle of Nieuport,[94]
E 88-89. Superb pair of Gauntlets belonging to Charles V,[95]
A 151.Light War-Armour of Charles V, Corselet and Armlet of rare form, also two Helmets,[96]
A 75-83. Armet, with reinforcing Pieces,[97]
A 54.A curious Bevor in two Pieces, nailed on Leather,[98]
A 49.Charles V’s Tilting Helmet,[98]
A 29.Helmet belonging to the ‘K.D.’ Suit,[98]
A 27.Helmet of Charles V,[98]
A 120.Burgonet, by Colman,[99]
A 118.Morion of Charles V,[99]
Cabasset and Leg Armour of a Spanish Pikeman, late 15th century,[99]
A 57.Tilting Helmet of Charles V,[100]
A 56.Helmet of Charles V,[100]
A 75.Helmet of Charles V,[101]
A 59.‘Dolphin’ Helmet of Charles V,[101]
D 12.Helmet made by Negroli of Milan,[102]
A 118.Burgonet of Charles V,[102]
A 151.Burgonet of Charles V, with Bevor bought from Sir Richard Wallace,[103]
A 151.Burgonet of Charles V, with Bevor not belonging to Helmet,[103]
A 151.Corselet of Charles V,[104]
A 189.Gauntlet of Philip II,[105]
A 190.Helmet of Philip II,[105]
Helmet of Philip II, made at Augsburg in 1549, belonging to the suit A 239,[106]
A 243.Helmet of Philip II, made by Wolf of Landshut in 1554,[107]
A 290.Burgonet of King Sebastian of Portugal,[108]
A 290.Burgonet of King Sebastian of Portugal,[109]
A 292.Burgonet made for Philip III by Lucio Picinino,[110]
A 291.Helmet of Philip III, with three beautiful Masks on Visor, Nape, and Front; probably Italian, late 16th century,[111]
A 292.Burgonet, the missing parts of which are in the Kensington Museum, London,[111]
A 350.Helmet for the Duke of Savoy (front view),[112]
A 350.Helmet for the Duke of Savoy (side view),[113]
A 417.Cabasset presented to Philip IV by the Infanta Isabel Eugenia,[114]
A 350.Helmet with movable Visor, made in Pamplona, apparently for the Duke of Savoy, 1620,[115]
A 380.Burgonet, early 17th century, belonged to Philip IV,[115]
A 414.Helmet of Philip IV, presented to him with other Armour by the Infanta Isabel Eugenia,[115]
A 417.Cabasset presented to Philip IV by the Infanta Isabel Eugenia,[115]
B 2.Morion, which belonged to Philip III when a Boy. Subject: The Goddess of Plenty,[116]
B 5.Morion, given to Philip III when a Child by the Duke of Terranova,[117]
D 3.Burgonet of Charles V, designed by Giulio Romano,[118]
D 3.Burgonet of Charles V, designed by Giulio Romano (second side),[119]
D 5.Burgonet, 16th century. Subject: Bacchus and Ariadne (left side),[120]
D 5.Burgonet, 16th century. Subject: Silenus supported by Bacchus,[121]
D 7.Burgonet, 16th century. Subject: The Wooden Horse of Troy (left side),[122]
D 7.Burgonet, 16th century. Subject: The Judgment of Paris (right side),[123]
D 13.Milanese Salade, 15th century,[124]
D 14.Moorish Salade, ascribed to Philip I,[125]
D 26.Spanish Morion, early 16th century, with the Inscription, ‘Non Timeo Milia Populi,’[125]
A 188.Roman Helmet (Charles V),[126]
A 188.Mask on Shoulder-Guard of Charles V’s Roman Suit,[126]
D 22.Cabasset which belonged to Philip the Handsome,[126]
D 16.Late 15th century Helmet, probably belonged to Philip the Handsome,[126]
D 25.Spanish Foot-Soldier’s Morion, early 16th century,[127]
D 23.Parade Headpiece of Charles V,[127]
D 29.Parade Headpiece, middle 16th century (origin unknown),[127]
D 30.Parade Burgonet, made for Charles V by the Negrolis in 1545,[127]
D 29.Helmet, middle of 16th century,[128]
D 28.Steel Cap belonging to Charles V,[128]
D 30.Burgonet of Charles V, made by Negroli,[129]
M 5.Helmet of Francis I of France, taken at the Battle of Pavia,[130]
M 5.Helmet of Francis I of France, taken at the Battle of Pavia,[131]
B 21.Helmet which belonged to Prince Baltasar Carlos, 1629-1646,[132]
D 31.Burgonet ascribed on insufficient grounds to Antonio de Leyva (16th century),[132]
1511. Satin and Velvet Turban found in the Palace of Mustafa, Bey of Oran, in 1722,[133]
1533. Steel Turban of Ali Pasha, Turkish Admiral at Lepanto,[133]
Turkish Helmet taken at Lepanto,[134]
Helmet of Philip III,[134]
Helmet of the 16th century,[135]
Helmet of Charles V, belonging to the Cornucopiæ Suit,[136]
Helmet of Charles V, belonging to the Cornucopiæ Suit,[136]
C 11.Salade, with detachable decorative Pieces (belonged to Maximilian I or Philip I),[137]
M 19.Helmet of Ali Pasha, Turkish Admiral, defeated at Lepanto,[137]
A 191.Morion and Arm-guard of Charles V,[138]
A 27.Shield used in Tilting,[139]
A 57.Shield used in Tilting, designed by Hopfer,[139]
A 57.Shield designed by Hopfer,[140]
Shield, with a Mask in Relief, belonging to the Harness of Charles V, A 149-156,[141]
Shield of Philip II, belonging to the Armour A 217-230,[142]
Shield of the Emperor Charles V, belonging to the Harness A 159-163,[142]
A 265.Shield of Philip II,[143]
A 241.German Shield, 16th century, by Desiderio Colman: War, Peace, Wisdom, and Strength,[143]
Shield of Philip III, musket-proof, belonging to the Harness A 354,[144]
A 293.Shield. Subject: Alexander subduing Bucephalus,[144]
A 293.Shield accompanying armour of Philip III, 1578-1621. In the centre, Alexander the Great subduing Bucephalus,[145]
B 3.Shield which belonged to Philip III when a boy. Subject: Jupiter, Neptune, and Mars overwhelming the Moors,[146]
A 374.Shield belonging to Prince Filippo Emmanuele of Savoy, 1588-1624 (Italian),[146]
D 1, D 2. Helmet and Shield of Charles V,[147]
D 3, D 4. Burgonet and Shield of Charles V,[148]
D 8.Shield (Italian) with design representing the Abduction of Helen, 16th century,[149]
D 6.Shield of Italian workmanship, 16th century,[149]
D 63.The ‘Plus Ultra’ Shield, designed by Girolamo Romani,[150]
D 10.Shield, early 17th century. Design: Warriors in combat,[150]
D 63.Shield called ‘Plus Ultra,’ with Apotheosis of Charles V,[150A]
D 64.The Medusa Shield, made by Negroli for Charles V,[150A]
Shield of the Emperor Charles V, forming part of the Mühlberg armour,[151]
D 66.Italian Shield, Moorish style, 16th century,[151]
D 67.Italian Shield, Moorish Style, 16th century,[152]
Shield presented to Charles V by Don Ferdinando de Gonzaga,[152]
D 69.Italian Shield, 16th century. Design: The Triumph of Love,[153]
D 68.Shield of Augsburg make, 16th century,[153]
Shield ascribed to the Marquis of Villena, 16th century,[154]
D 71.Shield of the end of the 16th century,[154]
Shield of Philip II,[155]
Shield of the Milanese School, 16th century,[155]
D 72.Shield, late 16th century. Design: The Medusa’s Head,[156]
Shield representing Jupiter, Saturn, Venus and Cupid, Mercury, and Mars, 16th century,[156]
Shield, the work of E. de Zuloaga, 19th century,[157]
Unfinished Shield, the work of E. de Zuloaga, 19th century,[157]
Shield, the work of E. de Zuloaga, 19th century,[158]
D 73.Spanish Shield, 17th century. Design: The Judgment of Paris,[158]
D 78.Shield presented to Philip III by the Duke of Savoy in 1603,[159]
D 79.Shield presented to Philip III by the Duke of Savoy in 1603,[160]
D 86.Moorish Leather Shield, end of 15th century,[161]
D 88.Oval Leather Shield, late 16th century. The face decorated with admirable Mexican-Indian Feather-work,[161A]
Leather Shield, with the Arms of the Mendoza family,[162]
M 1-5. Arms of King Francis I of France, taken at the battle of Pavia, 1525, by the troops of Charles V,[163]
M 6.Shield and Sword of Francis I of France, taken at the battle of Pavia. Design: The Gallic Cock attacking a warrior and putting him to flight,[163A]
G 45.Sword of Hernando Cortes,[164]
G 48.Sword of Philip II,[164]
G 29.Sword of Gonsalvo de Cordoba,[164]
G 60.Pistol and Axe combined, of Philip II,[165]
G 45.Sword attributed to Hernando Cortes, conqueror of Mexico, 1485-1547,[165]
G 47.Sword of Philip II, worn with parade armour,[166]
G 48.Toledan Sword attributed to Philip II,[166]
G 49.Toledan Sword of the Count of Corunna (16th century). The guard is one of the most beautiful in the armoury,[166]
G 47.Sword of Philip II, with the mark of Clement Horn of Solingen,[166A]
G 54.Spanish Sword, middle of 16th century,[167]
G 59.Spanish Sword, late 16th century. Bears mark of Juanes el Viejo,[167]
G 55.Spanish Sword, late 16th century, made by Sebastian Hernandez of Toledo,[167]
G 61.Sword of the Duke of Weimar, Commander of the Swedish Army, defeated at the Battle of Nordlingen, 1624,[168]
G 80.Sword attributed to Philip III It bears the date 1604, Toledo make,[168]
G 64.Sword attributed to Count de Lamos, 1576-1622, made by Tomás de Ayala of Seville,[168]
G 151.Persian Sword, 16th century, probably brought from Tunis by Charles V,[169]
G 62.Stradiot’s Sabre, early 17th century, presented by the Duke of Savoy to Philip III (1603),[169]
G 43.16th Century Cutlass,[169]
G 34.War Sword of Charles V, Italian make,[170]
G 33.Italian War Sword of Charles V,[170]
G 35.Sword of Pizarro, Conqueror of Peru,[170]
G 160.Knife used by the Carver at the King’s Table, as required by the etiquette of the House of Burgundy,[171]
Dagger, early 16th century,[171]
16th century Dagger, supposed to have belonged to Charles V,[171]
A 242.War Saddle of Philip II, made by Desiderius Colman of Augsburg,[172]
A 242.Pommel and Cantle of Saddle of Philip II,[172A]
A 242.Cantle-Plate of same Saddle,[172B]
A 242.Burr-Plate of Saddle,[172C]
A 242.Burr-Plate of Saddle,[172D]
A 291.Cantle-Plates of Saddle made by Lucio Picinino,[173]
A 291.Cantle-Plate of same Saddle,[173A]
A 291.Burr-Plate of same Saddle,[173B]
Saddle (Italian), 16th century. (Marine Monsters),[174]
Moorish Saddle, with short Stirrups, 18th century,[175]
Turkish Saddle given to Charles III,[176]
Arab Saddle, with short Stirrups, taken in the Palace of the Bey of Oran in 1732,[177]
Military Saddle, late 16th century,[178]
A 352.Saddle made at Pamplona for the Duke of Savoy (1620),[179]
Iron War Saddle of the Emperor Charles V,[180]
F 22.Italian Saddle, 16th century, probably presented by Frederico Gonzaga to Charles V,[181]
Military Saddle: Design in Berruguete style,[182]
2327. Military Saddle,[183]
Military Saddle, Augsburg make,[184]
Saddle, early 15th century, from Majorca,[185]
1913. Sword, with the Toledo Blade of the Duke of Olivares,[186]
1880. ‘Flaming’ Spanish Sword of Philip IV,[186]
1917. Sword of D. Suero de Quiñones, late 16th century,[186]
1864. Dagger, scalloped half-way,[186]
1916. Sword, with round Point, of Garcilaso de la Vega,[186]
1920. Sword, with Toledo Blade, of the Marquis of Povar,[186]
631. Shield representing Jupiter sending Lightning on the Moors,[186]
1874. Dagger given by Louis XV of France to the King of Spain,[186]
1704. Sword of Isabel the Catholic,[187]
1589. Petronel of Charles V, with Battle-Axe,[187]
1581. Yataghan of Mustafa, Bey of Oran,[187]
1561. Battle-Axe, 15th-16th centuries,[187]
1563. Kriss or Malay Dagger,[187]
1587. Battle-Axe, Byzantine style,[187]
1702. Sword of the Great Captain,[187]
1764. Martel-de-fer of Charles V,[187]
1591. Alfange or Indian Scimitar,[187]
1698. Sword, 16th century,[187]
1719. Sword of the Count of Corunna,[188]
1843, 1816.Pieces of the Barding of a Horse,[188]
1696. Sword, 15th century,[188]
1716. Sword of Philip I, the Handsome,[188]
2045, 2049. Pistols, 16th-17th centuries,[188]
2077. Dagger, four edged, 16th century,[188]
1814. Sword, found in the Tagus, and given to Philip II,[188]
1359, 1315. Armpit Shields,[188]
1763. Spurs, in Filigree Silver,[188]
1328. Lance-Shield of the Prince of Parma,[188]
1759. Sword of Bernal Diaz del Castillo,[188]
1697. Sword of the Prince of Conde,[189]
1644. Two-handed Sword, early 15th century,[189]
1777. Sword of Philip II,[189]
1794. Sword of Don John of Austria,[189]
1708. German Sword of Frederick Henry, Count of Nassau,[189]
1845. Sword of John of Urbino,[189]
1692. Magnificent Toledan Blade, unmounted,[189]
2067, 2076. A pair of Pistols, 17th century,[189]
1823. Piece of a Horse’s Barding,[189]
1769. Sword of Pizarro,[190]
1726. Head Stall,[190]
1721. Very remarkable Sword of the Renaissance,[190]
1718, 1771. Rondels,[190]
2044. Pistols, 16th and 17th centuries,[190]
929. Head Stall for Charger of the Count of Niebla,[190]
1770, 1761. Beautiful Stirrups, with Figures,[190]
1768. Unique Spur,[190]
1873. Sword,[191]
1850. German Sword,[191]
1912. Sword of Philip III,[191]
1911. Sword of the Duke of Montemar,[191]
1872. Sword of Charles II,[191]
2034, 2031. Pistols,[191]
523. Chamfron,[191]
1773. Sword of Philip II,[192]
1659. Sword with four Sides (German), 16th century,[192]
1807. Sword of Hernan Cortes,[192]
1856, 1857. Magnificent pair of Gauntlets,[192]
1727. Lobera Sword of St. Ferdinand,[192]
1645. Sword of Don Diego Hurtado de Mendoza,[192]
1562. Moorish Boarding Gauntlet, 14th to 15th century,[193]
1619. Sword presented to John II of Castile by the Pope Eugenius IV,[193]
1711. Halberd of Charles V,[193]
1529. Iron Ring, with Points inside,[193]
1588. Bracelet of Ali Pasha, Turkish Admiral at Lepanto,[193]
1502, 1544. Moorish Quivers,[193]
1556, 1605. Malay Battle-Axes, in Wood,[193]
1620. Sword of Diego Garcia Paredes,[193]
1606. Wooden Stirrup,[193]
1644. Two-handed Sword, early 15th century,[193]
1554. Quiver with Arrows of the Cacique Guarimacoa,[193]
2535. Halberd Plate, 15th century,[193]
1585. Moorish Boarding Weapon, 15th century,[193]
1776. Espadon or large two-handed Sword of Charles V,[194]
1878. Sword of the Count Lemos,[194]
1862. Valencian Sword of Ferdinand D’Alarcon,[194]
1976, 1968. Beautiful Pistols of 16th century,[194]
567. Chamfron which belonged to Philip IV,[194]
1775. Espadon of Diego Garcia de Paredes,[194]
1848. Flaming Sword of Don Juan of Austria, Son of Philip IV,[194]
1852. Sword of Pedro Mendez de Aviles,[194]
1762. Sword of Cardinal Fernando, Brother of Philip IV,[195]
1924, 1806, 1833. Pieces of Barding for a Horse,[195]
1049. Sword of the Count of Benavente, made at Zaragoza,[195]
1634. Espadon,[195]
1599. Scimitar of Don Juan of Austria,[195]
1598. Spanish-Moresque Sword,[195]
1729, 1767. Maces, 15th and 16th centuries,[195]
1765. Two-handed Sword of Ferdinand V, the Catholic,[196]
1662. Sword in its Sheath, studded with Jewels,[196]
1713. Two-handed Sword of Charles V,[196]
1706, 1701. Maces of the Constable of Bourbon, time of Charles V,[196]
1700, 1707. Stirrups, of Turkish form, of Charles V,[196]
629. Gilded Handle to Crossbow,[197]
1529. Iron Ring, with Spikes inside, which the Moors used as an Instrument of Execution,[197]
598. Flemish Crossbow, 16th century,[197]
628. Crossbow, incrusted with Ivory,[197]
640. Crossbow of the Duke of Alba,[197]
1522. Arabian Spur,[197]
1538. Shield for Crossbowman,[197]
Gaffles for stretching the String of the Crossbow,[197]
Trophy formed of different Weapons, by E. de Zuloaga,[198]
Trophy formed of several pieces of Armour of Philip II,[199]
Marks used by the principal Sword-makers of Toledo until the beginning of the 18th century,[200]
Key to the foregoing,[200A]
Heads of Spanish Lances and Pikes, 15th to 17th centuries. ‘The Pike I would have, if it might be, of Spanish Ash, and between 20 and 22 feet long.’—Sutcliffe, Practice of Arms (1593),[201]
Heads of Spanish Lances used for Tilts and Tournaments, 15th to 17th centuries, pointed, round headed, or furcated,[202]
Spanish Knives employed by the chief Carver at the Royal Table the Handles of which are richly decorated with the Spanish Arms of the time of Philip IV,[203]
J 28.Hunting Crossbow, early 16th century,[204]
J 18.Spanish Hunting Crossbow of Charles V,[204]
J 37.Small Hunting Crossbow, 16th century,[204]
H 9.Martel-de-Fer, early 16th century,[205]
H 6.Battle-axe, middle 16th century,[205]
H 14.Battle-mace, late 15th century,[205]
H 15.Battle-mace of Charles V,[205]
1987, 1992. Spanish Arquebuses, end of 16th century,[206]
1955. Petronel, 16th century,[206]
1961. Spanish Arquebus, with octagonal Barrel inlaid with Mother of Pearl and Ivory, 16th century,[206]
1972, 1977, 1946. Keys or Cranks to cock the Arquebuses,[206]
1602. Elegant Sabre of a ‘Chef d’Estradiots’ (Venetian) given to Philip III,[207]
2243, 2285. Spanish Knives, with Spanish Arms, time of Philip IV,[207]
1577, 1578. Persian Sabres,[207]
1604. Gourma, or Dagger,[207]
1579. Sabre of unknown origin,[207]
1600. Misrae or Scimitar of Ali Pasha, Turkish Admiral at Lepanto,[207]
1572. Miserecorde, or Dagger, of Diego Garcia de Paredes,[207]
1566. Dagger of Charles V,[207]
1580. Dagger of the Kabyles,[207]
1562. Manople or Moorish Boarding-sword, 14th-15th centuries,[207]
2167. Repeating Hunting Gun,[208]
2296. Turkish Cannon Tinder,[208]
2140. Hunting Gun with twelve Shots,[208]
2164. Repeating Gun, made in 1705,[208]
2534. The Barrel of a Breech-loading Gun,[208]
2294. Turkish Gun Tinder,[208]
2142. Model of a Gun with fourteen Shots,[208]
1. Arquebus of Don John of Austria (K 14),[209]
2. Arquebus Handle, Dagger, and Primer combined (G 151),[209]
3. Arquebus of Don John Joseph of Austria (K 23),[209]
4. Arquebus Handle and Primer (K 12),[209]
5. Nuremburg Arquebus, 16th century (K 11),[209]
1940, 1944. Barrels, 15th century,[210]
651. Lance, with two little Barrels, 17th century,[210]
903. Spanish Arquebus, 15th century,[211]
9178. Petronel, 1547,[211]
2080. Pistol, with three Barrels,[211]
2126. Pistol, with Rifle Barrel,[211]
2225. Hunting Gun of Philip V, breech-loading,[211]
2024. Petronel, 16th century,[211]
2635. Revolver, 18th century,[211]
2045. Pistol, with two Barrels, 16th century,[211]
K 30.Small Arquebus of Charles V (Italian make),[212]
K 33.Small Spanish Arquebus, 1531,[212]
K 55.Small Pistol-arquebus, middle 16th century,[212]
Double breech-loading Cannon, in bronze, used in Spain from the end of the 15th century,[213]
A 190.Tailpiece of a Horse’s Bard, 1545,[214]
A 190.Chanfron, representing the Head and Neck of a fantastic Dragon, covered with Scales of Gold, 1545,[214]
531. Head-stall of Philip III’s Horse,[215]
534. Chanfron and Mainfaire of a Horse of Philip III,[215]
567. Chanfron of Horse of Philip IV,[215]
525. Chanfron (Moorish),[216]
558. Chanfron and Mainfaire, 16th century,[216]
565. Chanfron, with the Imperial Arms in Colours,[216]
F 110.Chanfron, early 16th century,[217]
F 113.Chanfron, early 16th century,[217]
1762. Sword of Cardinal D. Fernando, Brother of Philip IV,[218]
1613, 1624. Christian Standards, from the Battle of Lepanto,[218]
Flag carried at the Obsequies of Philip II,[219]
Standard of the Ex-Bodyguard,[220]
Standard taken from the English who besieged Carthagena (America) in 1741,[221]
Flag from the Battle of Lepanto, with a Painting representing Christ and St. Martin,[222]
Seal of Charles V when Count of Flanders, showing him on Horseback in Armour,[223]
Small Shield on Head-stall, with the Arms of Philip II when Heir-apparent, and also those of his Wife, Queen Mary of England,[223]
Salade-morion of the Prince of Asturias, Baltasar Carlos of Austria (1629-1646),[223]
M 75, 77, 76. Lanterns from Flag-ships gained by the Marques de Santa Cruz in various naval Engagements,[224]
Sedan Chair of Philip V (from the Coach-houses of the Royal Palace, Madrid),[225]
Sedan Chair of Ferdinand VI (from the Coach-houses of the Royal Palace, Madrid),[226]
Sedan Chair of Charles IV (from the Coach-houses of the Royal Palace, Madrid),[227]
Sedan Chair of Philip V (from the Coach-houses of the Royal Palace, Madrid),[228]
Sedan Chair of Charles III (from the Coach-houses of the Royal Palace, Madrid),[229]
Campaign Litter of the Emperor Charles V,[230]
Carriage given by Napoleon I to Charles IV (from the Coach-houses of the Royal Palace, Madrid),[231]
Gala Coach of Charles IV (from the Coach-houses of the Royal Palace, Madrid),[232]
Carriage of the President of the Cortes (from the Coach-houses of the Royal Palace, Madrid),[233]
The Crown Coach (from the Coach-houses of the Royal Palace, Madrid),[234]
Wedding Coach of Ferdinand VII and Maria Christina (from the Coach-houses of the Royal Palace, Madrid),[235]
Carriage of the Mace-Bearers of the Cortes (from the Coach-houses of the Royal Palace, Madrid),[236]
Carriage, with gilt Panels, of Charles IV (from the Coach-houses of the Royal Palace, Madrid),[237]
Cover of an Album, exterior, the work of E. de Zuloaga,[238]
Cover of an Album, interior, the work of E. de Zuloaga,[239]
Portable Chair, in Leather, of the Emperor Charles V,[240]
Magnificent Bureau, in engraved Iron, belonged to Charles V,[241]
Wooden Trunk, with Ornaments in the Pointed Style,[242]
Iron Inkstand, embossed and inlaid, the work of E. de Zuloaga,[243]
General View of the Interior of the Armoury,[244]
General View of the Interior of the Armoury,[245]
General View of the Interior of the Armoury,[246]
Figure explaining various technical Terms used in the Text,[247]
Figure explaining various technical Terms used in the Text,[248]

SPANISH ARMS
AND ARMOUR

INTRODUCTORY

THE prominence which Spain has enjoyed from the earliest times as a manufactory of armour and a school of arms is attributable, in the first instance, to its mineralogical richness, and, subsequently, to the part it played in the military history of Europe. In the days of Rome’s greatness, Spain became the chief mineral-producing tributary of the Empire. Its mines contained in perfection all the metals then applied to warlike uses, and its rivers were believed to possess peculiar properties for the tempering of blades. Bilbilis was as much a name to conjure with among the Roman warriors as was the “Bilbo” among the gallants and swashbucklers of Shakespeare’s day. Toledo and the sword are indissolubly associated in the literature of arms; it is impossible to mention the name of the city without recalling the unchallenged excellence of the blades it has given to the world. And if Toledo is the city of the sword, Spain is the land of swordsmanship. It was in Spain that the muscular sweep of the broadsword was refined into the scientific point-play of the rapier; it was there that the art of fence originated; and to-day it is claimed that there are more books on fencing in Spanish than in any other language.

From the highest in the land to the lowest the love of arms is seen to have been inherent in the Spaniard from time immemorial, and he has ever shown himself quick to adopt foreign methods and innovations that promised to lend greater efficacy to his blow and sterner resistance to his defensive armour. Francis I. beheld the youth of Spain stoutly accoutred and armed to the teeth, and exclaimed, “Oh, happy land, which brings forth and rears armed men.” The profession of arms was the avocation of every Spaniard; he left his mother’s breast to take his place at his father’s side; he was a soldier by birth, breeding, and training. Only a nation of soldiers could have successfully withstood an invasion so overwhelming as that of the Saracens. Only a race imbued with the traditions and love of war and its arts could have persevered so long against enormous odds to the final and glorious triumph of the closing years of the fifteenth century.

The Spaniards of the days of Pizarro and Cortes, like their contemporaries, the English admirals, courted war as a mistress, and strove to meet her in their bravest array. The devoted attention they paid to their armour and the temper of their weapons excited the regretful admiration of their determined foe, old sea-dog Hawkins. The Castilian loved the glint of shimmering steel and the ring of a true forged blade on stout harness; his was a land of iron, and so long as the issue of the battle depended on the sword and the lance, he could defy Europe, and hold two Continents in fee. But the age of iron passed; with it passed that grand old craftsman, the armourer; and the day of Spain also, passed, for a while, into the grey evening of nations. For Spain, so faithfully wedded to its native arms, and so pre-eminent in their use, was slow to embrace the faith of explosives. Cervantes, in the following passage, which he puts into the mouth of Don Quixote, has left on record the aversion of his countrymen to the levelling-up influence of the rifle, and their exaggerated attachment to the weapons of chivalry:

“Blessed be those happy ages that were strangers to the dreadful fury of those devilish instruments of artillery which is the cause that very often a cowardly base hind takes away the life of the bravest gentleman, and in the midst of that rigour and resolution which animates and inflames the bold, a chance bullet (shot perhaps by one that fled, and was frighted at the very flash the mischievous piece gave when it went off), coming nobody knows how or from whence, in a moment puts a period to the brave designs and the life of one that deserved to have survived many years. This considered, I could almost say I am sorry at heart for having taken on me this profession of a knight-errant in so detestable an age: for though no danger daunts me, yet it affects me to think that powder and lead may deprive me of the opportunity of becoming famous, and making myself known throughout the world by the strength of my arm and the dint of my sword.”